Momwe mungaperekere kabokosi ka ng'ombe pa ng'ombe

Cowpox imaphatikizidwa ndi ziphuphu zinazake pamatumbo, muzula, mucous membranes m'mphuno ndi m'kamwa mwa chinyama. Matendawa ndi owopsa kwambiri, akhoza kutenga kachilombo osati mbuzi, nkhosa ndi akavalo omwe amakhala pabwalo, komanso anthu. Vutoli limafalikira ndi kukhudzana, madontho a m'mlengalenga ndi njira zamakamwa. Momwe mungazindikire ndi kuchiza matenda, ngati mkaka wa ng'ombe wodwalayo uli woyenera kudya, komanso ngati pali njira zotetezera ku matenda - werengani nkhaniyi pambuyo pake.

Zamkatimu:

• Zizindikiro ndi matenda a matendawa
• Zosokoneza
• Momwe mungaperekere kabokosi ka ng'ombe pa ng'ombe
• Malingaliro aakulu
• Maantibayotiki, mafuta ndi mankhwala ena
• Ndingathe kumwa mkaka
• Kupewa ndi katemera ku nkhumba zatulukidzi

Mavitamini, magwero ndi njira za matenda

Kupezeka kwa nthomba mu ng'ombe kumayambitsa matenda a coworthopoxvirus, omwe ali ndi DNA yake, komanso matenda ake opatsirana. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timadziwika ndi:

• zovuta;
• kupangitsa kubereka kovuta m'maselo a epithelial;
• zotsutsana kwambiri ndi chilengedwe.

Ng'ombe zabwino kwambiri zikuphatikizapo: Dutch, Sychevskaya, Blue blue, Hereford, Simmental, Dutch, Holstein ndi Ayrshire.

Pamene ilo lilowa mu zigawo zochepetsedwa, kachilombo kamatulutsidwa kuchokera ku chigoba chakunja, ndipo DNA yake, mothandizidwa ndi machitidwe a ma makina, imayamba kupanga makope ake. Chifukwa cha kubwezeretsa uku, kaphatikizidwe ka mapuloteni zinthu za exfoliated kunja chipolopolo zimachitika. Pamene mavairasi amatha kupangidwa mu selo, chiwonongeko chimayambira mu memphane ndi pathupi. Wothandizira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Coworthopoxvirus Motero, timadzi ta tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timafalikira mu epithelium, titenga malo atsopano. Njirazi zimaphatikizidwa ndi chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha matendawa.

Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sitikutaya ntchito ngakhale ngakhale kutentha. Vutoli likhoza kuchuluka kwa zaka pafupifupi theka ndi theka pa 4 ° С, ndipo DNA yake sidzatha kutaya mphamvu zake zobwereza pa +20 ° С kwa miyezi iwiri. Ngati thermometer ifika ku 50-60 ° С, kachilombo kamene kamatha kufa maminiti 10.

Mukudziwa? Catherine Catherine atamva za katemera wa nthomba ku Ulaya, adamuuza Russia dokotala wina wa ku England Thomas Dimsdale ndipo adamupempha kuti apitsidwe katemera. Alexander Markov, mnyamata wachikulire yemwe anali kale ndi nthomba, anakhala wopereka zinthu. Pogwiritsa ntchito ntchitoyi, kenako adalimbikitsidwa kuti akhale ndi udindo wotchuka dzina lake Markov-Ospenny,.

Kuwotcha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumatha kupha mofulumira kwambiri - pakadali pano, imfa yake idzachitika maminiti awiri mutatsegula chingwe chowoneka pamwamba pa madzi. Pakati pa dzuwa, Coworthopoxvirus imakhalabe ndi mphamvu kwa maola 4. Ng'ombe zathanzi zingathe kutenga kachilombo ka kadoba osati kokha kuchokera ku kachilombo ka HIV, komanso kuchokera ku mphuno ndi mphuno, komanso poyang'anizana ndi zida zowuma zomwe zimachokera kumadera okhudzidwa. Onyamula matenda ndi awa:

• ziweto zodwala (matendawa amafalitsidwa mosasamala mtundu wawo wa mitundu);
• udzudzu ndi utitiri;
• makoswe;
• anthu;
• madzi;
• chakudya;
• malonda;
• kufufuza;
• zinsinsi zonse zobisika ndi zamoyo.

Phunzirani zambiri za momwe mungachitire matenda opatsirana monga: chlamydia, bluetang, leptospirosis, malungo oopsa, aplasmosis, parainfluenza-3, ndi actinomycosis.

Azimayi achilengedwe amadziwa kuti chiopsezo chokhala ndi nthomba chimakula pang'onopang'ono zinyama ndi:

• microtraumas, abrasions ndi ming'alu pa udder;
• chithunzi;
• zovuta;
• chithandizo;
• kutaya;
• komanso ng ombe panthawi ya kuchira pambuyo pa matenda ndi calving;
• mbuzi zazing'ono (makamaka pamayambiriro a chitukuko, pamene chitetezo cha thupi chikadali pa siteji ya mapangidwe).

Ng'ombe zomwe zimakhala ndi emaciation zimakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi nthomba

Zizindikiro ndi matenda a matendawa

Malingana ndi njira yolowera mkati mwa wothandizira wa viral komanso kuchuluka kwake kwa chiwopsezo chake, njira ya matenda ndi kuuma kwake zatsimikiza. Chitetezo cha mthupi cha ng'ombe yomwe ili ndi kachilombo ka HIV kamathandizanso kwambiri.

Zizindikiro zoonekeratu za nthomba zimayamba kuonekera patangopita masiku asanu ndi atatu kuchokera pamene kachilombo kameneka kamapezeka m'magazi a epithelial. Nthawi zambiri, nthawi yosakanikirana ikhoza kuchepetsedwa kukhala masiku atatu.

Alimi ayenera kuwerenga za momwe angasankhire ng'ombe ya mkaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ng'ombe zikhale bwino, komanso kuganizira za momwe mkaka umayendera.

Cowpox imayamba ndi zizindikiro za prodromal:

• kupweteka;
• chiwonetsero;
• kusowa kudya;
• kuchepa kwa zokolola mkaka (kuyamwa kwa mkaka kungaimitse palimodzi, ndipo ng'ombe idzayamba kupha mastitis);
• kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa kutentha kwa thupi (mpaka 40-41 ° C);
• kutupa ndi kuuma kwa khungu lomwe lakhudzidwa ndi mucous membrane;
• udzu wonyansa umene ukuwonekera mu njira yokha (ng'ombe siimalola mkaka wa mkaka);
• nkhawa;
• Kuvuta kuyenda (chinyama chimayika miyendo yake kuti asawagwire ndi udder);
• maonekedwe a red rose, omwe pambuyo pa masiku 2-3 amasandulika mitsempha ya papules yomwe imapangidwira pamwamba pa khungu (ng'ombe, akazi, nkhono, mutu, khosi, kumbuyo, ntchafu nthawi zambiri zimakhudzidwa, komanso m'mphuno yamphongo, m'mphuno, mkamwa ndi milomo);
• kupanga mapepala ofiira pomwepo, odzaza ndi mitsempha yowonekera, yomwe ili ndi kachilombo (kawirikawiri thovu imapezeka pa tsiku lachiwiri la matenda);
• Kuchulukitsanso khungu la zilonda za khungu, ndi zotsatira zake kuti zikhale zozungulira kapena zofiira zofiira ndi zofiira zofiira pakati (wamkulu wa folic acid akhoza kukhala ndi zidutswa zoposa 20);
• mnofu wofewa kwambiri wa necrosis;
• kuyanjana kwa mitsempha yoyandikana ndi kupanga mapangidwe a magazi m'malo awo;
• kuchotseratu kutayika kwa madzi omwe amapanga pambuyo pa masiku 12 pa purulent pustules.

Kusokonezeka kwa ng'ombe ndi chimodzi cha zizindikiro za nthomba

Ospins samaoneka palimodzi, koma masiku angapo. Kusakaniza kwawo kumatenga pafupifupi masabata awiri. Ngati matendawa amatha mu njira yovuta, kuchira kumachitika masiku 20-28. Pankhani ya zovuta kwambiri komanso kumanga ma ARV, matendawa amatha kuzunza ng'ombe kwa miyezi iwiri. Zinyama zazing'ono zimakhala ndi mavuto monga mawonekedwe a bronchopneumonia ndi gastroenteritis.

Ndikofunikira! Nkhumba ya khola yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka HIV imakhala yosavuta komanso yopitirira nthawi yaitali, koma nthawi zambiri imakhudza anthu onse omwe ali ndi mkaka. Ospins amawoneka m'malo a chimbudzi chachikulu ndipo amawonekera kwambiri kuposa pamene akudwala matenda a tizilombo, popeza kuti matendawa amatenga mbali zambiri zapadera.

Cowpox ikhoza kuchitika m'njira zosiyanasiyana:

• chowoneka;
• subacute;
• osatha.

Zosokoneza

Kuchita zamatenda, kutsimikiziridwa kwa zizindikiro za matenda a vaccinia kumapangidwa pa maziko a maphunziro a laboratory ndi postmortem. Kuti muzitenge, ndikofunika kusankha bioprobes kuchokera kumalo otsekemera omwe amatuluka pakhungu. Pachifukwa ichi, zotsatirazi zikuchitika:

1. Dulani ma pustules omwe akukula ndipo mutenge nsabwe.
2. Zowonongeka zowonongeka zimadetsedwa molingana ndi njira ya Morozov.
3. Fufuzani mankhwalawa kuti mukhale ndi matupi odyetsa.

Pofufuza matendawa, nkofunika kulingalira za chilengedwe cha epizootic m'munda ndi dera. Ngati ng'ombe sizingathe kuchiritsidwa ndipo atangotumizidwa msanga ku nyumba yophera, muyenera kumvetsera kusintha kwa mkati mwa nyama zakufa. Pamene mutsegula iwo ndiwonekeratu:

• purulent foci ya kutupa pafupi ndi pockmarks;
• Kutentha kwa lirime (zochitika zawo zimayenera kukanidwa ndi mucous membranes ya pamlomo chingwe);
• Zilonda zamakono zofutukuka.

Ndikofunikira! Vuto la cowpox ndi lovuta kwambiri kwa ultrasound.

Momwe mungaperekere kabokosi ka ng'ombe pa ng'ombe

Ngakhale kuti zachipatala zikupita patsogolo, masiku ano palibe mankhwala ochizira nthomba. Mankhwalawa ndikumenyana ndi zizindikiro zowononga, kuteteza mavuto omwe angakhalepo ndikuchotsa zotsatira za matenda. Komabe, kuwonjezera pa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, njira zochizira zimaphatikizapo zinthu zina zambiri. Talingalirani iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

Malingaliro aakulu

Ng'ombe ya nkhumba ikawoneka pa famu yanu, iyenera kukhala yosiyana ndi nyama zina. Kuti muchite izi, nkofunika kuyamba kukonzekera chipinda chokhala ndi anansi abwino. Adzafunikanso ogulitsa, oledzera ndi zipangizo zoyera.

Zidzakhala zothandiza kwa inu kuti muphunzire momwe mungapangire omwera mowa kwa ng'ombe ndi manja anu.

Pofuna kuchepetsa ntchito yofunikira ya causative wodwala nthomba, akatswiri akulangiza kuyamba njira yopatsira mankhwala ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi zipangizo zonse mmenemo:

1. Choyamba muyenera kuchotsa zinyalala, manyowa ndi zotsalira za chakudya kuchokera kwa feeders kuchokera pansi. Zonsezi zimasonkhanitsidwa mwapadera komanso kuti zisawonongeke anthu ena omwe akukhala kutali.
2. Pambuyo pake, payipi imatsukidwa kunja kwa payipi potsutsidwa kwambiri madzi amadzi ofunika, kusamala malo owonongeka, mipata ndi malo ena ovuta kufika. Ngati ndi kotheka, gwiritsani ntchito zotupa ndi maburashi.
3. Madzi akalowa mu chipinda amalira (izi ziyenera kuchitika mwachibadwa), makoma ndi pansi akuchotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito blowtorch, kugwiritsira ntchito unit kwa mphindi zingapo. Njirayi ndi yothandiza pazithunzi ndi miyala. Nyumba zamagetsi zimachiritsidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: 3% njira ya chloramine (kachilombo kamene kamwalira mu ola limodzi) kapena carbolic asidi (zotsatira zoyenera zidzafika maola awiri). Ambiri amagwirizanitsa kukotcha ndi mankhwala omwe amatsatira. Pambuyo pa mpanda wouma, ndibwino kuti ukhale woyera ndi mandimu. Matenda a disinfection adzafunikanso masiku asanu ndi awiri mutatha kulumala kwa matendawa.
4. Musaiwale kuti mankhwala onse osokoneza bongo ndi oledzera amawasokoneza, komanso mafosholo, mafoloko. Pachifukwa ichi, ndi zofunika kuti muziwawombera.

Pofuna kuchepetsa ntchito yofunika ya causative wothandizira tizilombo, timayambitsa mankhwala.

Mu chipinda chodetsedwa cha disinfected, pansiyo ili ndi 10-cm wosanjikiza wa tsaya, peat kapena utuchi. Malondawa akulimbikitsidwa kusinthidwa tsiku ndi tsiku, kuchotsa ndowe. Musalole maadiresi amtundu kuti apondereze chimbudzi chawo, ndipo mochulukira kwambiri pitani kwa iwo, mukukhudza chiwindi.

Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo pa kutsegula kwa nthomba mu ng'ombe, chitetezo cha mthupi chimatetezedwa kuti chikhale ndi moyo.

Kwa thanzi la ng'ombe ndi ng'ombe, ndikofunikira kuti nkhokwe ili ndi microclimate yoyenera:

• ulamuliro wa kutentha - + 5-15 ° C;
• chinyezi - 60-70%;
• Kusinthanitsa kwa mpweya - peresenti ya moyo wolemera 17 cu. m / h (kukwaniritsa zizindikiro izi zimafuna mpweya wokhazikika wa nkhokwe);
• kufalikira kwa mpweya - 0,5 m / s;
• carbon dioxide ndondomeko - 0.25%, ammonia - 20 mg / cu. m

Kuwonjezera apo, nyama yodwala ndi yofunikira kupereka chakudya, chomwe chidzathandiza kuti chitetezo cholimba chitetezeke. Mukhola ayenera kupeza chakudya chatsopano.

Ambiri obereketsa, makamaka m'magulu awo a mahomoni, amafesa malo amodzi, nyemba kapena clover, komanso kuti ng'ombe zikhale ndi mavitamini ndi minerals onse omwe amafunikira, zimadyetsa ndi chimanga cha nkhumba, chakudya, chakudya cha brewer, bran, zakudya zambewu ndi premixes.

Ndikofunikira! Virusi yomwe imapangitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda m'magazi imatha kupitirira masiku 100.

Ngati kachilombo kameneka kamakhala pamtundu wa m'kamwa, perekani ng'ombe ndi chakudya chamadzi kapena chakumapeto kwa matendawa. Panthawi ya matendawa, ndizofunikira kusamutsa nyama kuti idye chakudya chamadzi. Ndizothandiza kwambiri kupereka kachilombo anthu adyo amadyera ndi nthambiberry elder.

Ng'ombe za nthomba, ndizofunika kutulutsa mkaka tsiku ndi tsiku. Konzekerani kuti njirayi ikhale yopweteka kwa inu komanso kwa nyama. Nthawi zambiri, veterinarians amagwiritsa ntchito catheter ya mkaka. Panthaŵi ya matenda, kutumiza ndi kutumiza kunja kwa ziweto zatsopano sikuletsedwa. Zopinga za disinfection ziyenera kukhazikika pa famu. Zokakamiza zonse zatha kwa masabata atatu chiyambireni kuchira.

Werengani za zomwe zimayambitsa magazi mu mkaka wa ng'ombe.

Maantibayotiki, mafuta ndi mankhwala ena

Nkhumba ya nthomba ndi yeniyeni, kotero kupambana kwa nkhondoyo kungathe kudziwonetsera nokha pogwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wa mankhwala:

1. Chithandizo cha mowa cha ayodini kapena chloramine (pamtundu wa 3%), komanso madzi a Burov, amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Chiwerengero cha ntchitoyi chimadalira kukula kwa msana.
2. Syntomycin, streptomycin, boric kapena zinc odzola zimalimbikitsidwa kuchipatala cha zilonda zakhungu. Ntchito yawo ndi cholinga chofulumizitsa kusintha kwa khungu. Ikani maulendo 3 pa tsiku.
3. Thandizo la antibiotic limaperekedwa ndi veterinarian pomwe nyama ili ndi mphamvu yofooketsa chitetezo cha mthupi ndipo imayambitsidwa ndi beriberi, komanso ndi chitukuko cha mavuto aakulu (mankhwala ndi madokotala zimadalira pa matenda enaake).
4. Pofuna kutsuka nsomba (njirayi ndi yodalirika musanayambe kuyendetsa), obereketsa ziweto amagwiritsa ntchito sitirolo kapena masamba akuluberry. Chida chothandiza kwambiri chimaonedwa kuti ndi zipangizo zochokera kumalo omwewo.

Ndingathe kumwa mkaka

Pofuna kuthandizira mphamvu ya thanzi lanu, munthu, monga chamoyo chilichonse, ayenera kudya zokhazokha. Ngati iwo atengedwa kuchokera ku magwero a kachilombo ka HIV, ndiye kuti sali ofunika.

Ndikofunikira! Kulimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuti mugwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza matenda a nthomba. Zimachepetsetsa zilonda zam'mimba ndipo zimathandizira kuti azikhala ndi kachilombo ka HIV.

Mkaka kuchokera ku khola la nthomba si njira yabwino kwambiri yotengera mankhwala ndipo imakhala ndi matenda a tizilombo. Malingana ndi akatswiri, iwo akhoza kuwonongedwa ndi kutentha kwa mphindi zisanu kapena theka la pasteurisation pa kutentha kwa 85 ° C.

Popeza kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi kusintha kwake, akatswiri samapereka mkaka wathanzi wa odwala. Ndi bwino kuzisiya kuti zipeze zosowa zamalonda. Ndikofunika kulingalira njira zothandizira nyama. Ngati zinafika ku mankhwala ophera tizilombo, mankhwalawa ali ndi mankhwala otsalira. Malingana ndi dokotala wa sayansi ya zachipatala, mkulu wa labotale kuti asayambe kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kusanthula zakudya zamtundu wa nutrimikrobioma wa Research Institute of Nutrition ya RAMS Svetlana Sheveleva, zomwe zimachitika pamtanda woterewu zimangowoneka ngati vuto la penicillin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol.

Mukudziwa? Pokumbukira Dr. Edward Jenner, yemwe adayamba kupeza njira zothetsera nthomba, ndipo katemera wake, pogwiritsa ntchito Louis Pasteur, zipangizo zowatemera zimatchedwa "katemera" kuchokera ku liwu lachilatini lakuti "vacca", lomwe limatanthawuza kuti "ng'ombe".

Komabe, ngati timamwa mkaka tsiku ndi tsiku ndi mankhwala otsutsana ndi mankhwala omwe amaposa zizolowezi zovomerezeka, thupi limadziwika ndi zinthu izi, chifukwa cha ntchito zake zosagonjetsedwa.

Kupewa ndi katemera ku nkhumba zatulukidzi

Kawirikawiri, ng ombe ya ng ombe imapezeka m'nyengo yachisanu ndi nyengo yachisanu. Pofuna kupewa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amalangiza kuti:

1. Kuyambira mu August kuyamba kuyamba kuteteza matenda opatsirana pogonana. Izi zimachitidwa mothandizidwa ndi mafuta opangira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amachiza nkhuku za ng'ombe asanayambe kuyamwa.
2. Tsatirani malamulo oyeretsa komanso oyeretsa - musanayambe kusamba, sambani bwino madzi ndi madzi otentha, mutachipukuta ndi thaulo yoyera. Pambuyo poyendetsa, pukutani udusi ndi mapirasi ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Nsalu zomwe mumayamwa mkaka ziyenera kukhala zoyera ndipo zisamatengedwe kunyumba.
3. Nthaŵi ndi nthawi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi ziweto.
4. Pamene kutumiza zinyama zatsopano, komanso chakudya, zida, ndikuyamba kudziwa za malo a epizootic omwe akukonzekera kufika. Zilombo zoterezi ziyenera kusungidwa kwa mwezi umodzi pokhapokha mutayang'anitsitsa.
5. Ngati tikukamba za ulimi, ogwira ntchito onse ayenera kudwala katemera. Atalandira katemera kwa milungu iwiri, wogwira ntchito sayenera kuyanjana ndi nyama.
6. Ndiwopseza kutenga kachilombo koyambitsa matenda katemera zinyama zonse.
7. Nthawi zonse, kamodzi pa masiku asanu, mu chipinda kuti muzilandira mankhwala ndi chloramine, kuphatikizapo zida ndi ziwiya.

Kudya kwanga ndi madzi otentha musanayambe kugwedeza Ngakhale kuti palibe mankhwala apadera a tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, ndibwino kuti tizindikire zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda mwamsanga. Musanyalanyaze thandizo la veterinarian: mwamsanga mukawona katswiri, mwamsanga mutayamba kulimbana ndi kachilombo ka HIV, zomwe ndizofunikira pa chikhalidwe chonse cha ward.