Mitengo yayikulu ya alocasia imapezeka kawirikawiri pa mbewu zapakhomo. Nyengo imeneyi imakula kum'mwera ndi kumwera chakum'maŵa kwa Asia, pazilumba za Oceania, komanso m'nkhalango za ku Australia. Posachedwapa, chomera chachilendo chikukudziwika pakati pa olima amateur padziko lonse lapansi. Nkhaniyi ikupereka malangizo othandiza, omwe mungapange alokaziya m'nyumba yanu.
Malongosoledwe a botanical a zomera
Alocasia-mizu yambiri (phiri, lotupitsa, lakuda, lalikulu-mizu yocheperapo) ndilobiriwira, mtundu wa mtundu wa Alocasia, wa banja la Aroid. Dzina lachilatini limawoneka ngati Alocasia macrorrhizos. 
Chomeracho ndi chachikulu, champhamvu kwambiri, mu nyengo zabwino zachilengedwe zimakula mpaka mamita 4. Tsinde limakula mpaka pafupifupi mamita 1.5 m'litali, kenako limagona. Kutalika kwa pepala kumafika mamita 1; phesi la tsamba la masamba limakhalanso ndi kutalika komweko. Masamba ndi ofiira, owoneka ngati mtima, owala. Maluwa amadziwika bwino, amatulutsa fungo lokoma. Mafuta a alokaziya ali ndi phindu lochepa la madzi, mtundu komanso mkaka wosasinthasintha. Mitengo ikuluikulu imakhala yotchedwa "elephant ears".
Pa malo obisika, duwa silidzakhala labwino kwambiri ngati malo okhala. Kukula kwazomera kuli kochepa ndi kukula kwa mphika ndi malo omwe alipo. Miyeso ya chipinda cha alokazii imachokera pa 80 cm mpaka 1.5 mamita m'lifupi ndi m'lifupi.
Mukudziwa? Chifukwa cha kukula kwake kwa masamba a mbale, zosiyanazi zalembedwa mu Guinness Book of Records.
Chomera mbewu
Njira zothandizira pazifukwa za alokazii krupnokusneistojna zomwe zimakhala ndi machiritso. Komabe, mankhwala m'chilengedwe nthawi zambiri amagwirizana ndi amphawi, zomwezo zimagwirizana ndi chomera choyimiridwa.
Mankhwala
Kwa mankhwala omwe si achikhalidwe, udzu wakhala ukugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Achi China kwa zaka zambiri. Masiku ano, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi madokotala ochokera ku India ndi Sri Lanka. Madzi owotcha komanso amadzimadzi a zitsamba zimenezi amachititsa kuti anthu azivutika kwambiri.
Alocasia imapatsidwa machiritso ena, ndizofunikira ku matenda otsatirawa:
- osteochondrosis, nyamakazi, rheumatism, gout;
- thrombophlebitis ndi mitsempha ya varicose;
- mphutsi;
- tochi;
- kolera
- mabala otseguka ndi zovunda, zomwe zikuphatikizidwa ndi kuvulazidwa;
- matenda a chithokomiro;
- ndi zopanda;
- ndifooka chitetezo chokwanira komanso nthawi zambiri matenda a thupi.
Pa maziko a zidutswa zapamwamba, mafuta, mafuta, sulurries, tinctures pa madzi ndi mowa amapangidwa. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amapezeka ku tsamba limodzi ndi petiole. Grass amaumirira 0,5 malita a vodika m'malo amdima kwa milungu iwiri.
Zowononga
Madokotala a ku Ulaya sanaphunzirepo chomera chokwanira - palibe umboni wa sayansi wa machiritso ake. Kuonjezerapo, palibe njira zowonjezera zogwiritsira ntchito alokaziya mkati ndi kunja.
Ziri zodziwika kuti mankhwalawa ndi owopsa, sangabweretse mpumulo wokha, komanso kuvulaza thupi. Ngati sagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, madzi owopsa amachititsa kuti munthu asawonongeke, asakwiyitse kapena ayaka khungu. Ndipo ngati mwangozi mudya tsamba la tsamba, osokoneza alokaziya ndi ginseng, simungapewe poizoni wa zakudya.
Ndikofunikira! Monga alokaziya ndi owopsa, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kuchokera kunja kokha. Ndipo kuti mupewe zotsatira zosafunika za ntchito yophunzira yopanda kuwerenga, funsani dokotala poyamba.
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kulima kulimbikitse kunyumba
Mitundu imalimbikitsidwa kuti mukhale maholo aakulu, zipinda, salons, maofesi, maofesi, masitolo kapena ma tepi.
Kutentha
Chikhalidwe chimamva bwino pa kutentha kwa mkati mkati + 22 ... + 28 ° С m'chilimwe. Nthawi yozizira, chiwerengerochi chiyenera kuchepetsedwa kufika ku 18 ... + 20 ° С.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Kamodzi mukakhala m'nyumba, udzu wokonda kwambiri chinyezi ukhoza kuvutika ndi madzi ochepa kwambiri, choncho, mu kutentha kwa chilimwe, mzuzi wa Alokia uyenera kukhala wochuluka ndipo nthawi zambiri umatulutsidwa. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi otentha, okonzeka bwino.
M'miyezi yozizira ndi kupopera mbewu, samalani, chifukwa chinyezi chokwanira pamodzi ndi kuzizira chingayambitse kupangika ndi kufalitsa. M'nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kuchepetsa kupukuta masamba ndi nsalu yonyowa. Njirayi idzachotsa fumbi lochokera ku masamba, kuchepetsa madziwa, motero kumathandiza kupeza mpweya kwa zomera.
Malo ndi mphamvu zowonjezera
Msuzu waukulu wa alocasia sumalekerera kupyolera mu mphepo, choncho ikani mphika kunja kwa zitseko ndi mawindo otseguka. Maluwawo sakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa. Zokwanira, ngati mutenga malo penumbra.
Mizu ya alendo otentha sichikulirakulira kwambiri ndipo imakhala yovuta, choncho sankhani mphamvu yoyenera - yakuya komanso yosakwanira. Zopindulitsa kwambiri pa thankiyo ndi pulasitiki kapena ceramic.
Mukudziwa? Alocasia ali ndi chidwi chosangalatsa - chimatha kuwonetsa nyengo. Madzulo amvula, madontho akuluakulu a madzi akuwoneka pamwamba pa masamba pafupi ndi nsonga, ngati misonzi. Choncho maina otchuka monga "nyengo yam'mlengalenga", "amakhala ndi barometer", "akulira". Koma ndiyenera kuzindikira kuti "maulosi" a maluwa amangodalira kokha ndi kuthirira bwino.
Kusamalira kwanu
Pamene mukusamalira "makutu a njovu", yatsogoleredwa ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zomera zakutchire zimakula.
Kuthirira
Alocasia amakonda chinyezi ndipo molakwika amayankha kusowa kwake. Koma simungathe kuigwedeza ndi kuthirira, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira. Nthawi zambiri kuthirira kumadalira kutentha. Kutentha, ulimi wothirira mobwerezabwereza. M'miyezi ya chilimwe, khalani maluwa 1 nthawi mu masiku 2-3. M'nyengo yozizira, samitsani ulimi umodzi m'masiku 8-10. Musanayambe kutsitsa, dikirani mpaka pamwamba pa dothi ladothi.
Gwiritsani ntchito madzi omwe athazikika kwa maola 6. Kutentha kwake kukhale 2-3 madigiri pamwamba pa firiji. Madzi ochokera ku poto ndi njira zonse kuphatikiza.
Kupaka pamwamba
Yambani kubweretsa zakudya kuyambira April mpaka October - kamodzi pa masabata awiri. Gwiritsani ntchito mchere wambiri m'minda yamkati. Zovala zapamwamba zomwe zimakhala ndi nayitrogeni ndi potaziyamu (mwachitsanzo, "Agricola 7") ndi zothandiza kwambiri. M'pofunikanso kusinthanitsa mchere ndi zinthu zowonongeka poyerekeza ndi chiwerengero cha 1 mpaka 30 ndikuyikapo masiku asanu.
M'nyengo yozizira, ndi bwino kukana kupanga zowonjezera. Koma ngati maluwa anu akupitirizabe kukula panthawiyi, mukhoza kulidyetsa pang'ono (1 nthawi pamwezi). Sungunulani feteleza zovuta kuwonjezera katatu madzi kuposa momwe akulimbikitsira pa phukusi.
Ndikofunikira! Musapitirire ndi feteleza. Kuchulukitsitsa kwawo kumakhudza kwambiri chikhalidwe cha mbewu.
Kudulira
Wachilendo chakudziko samadziwa nthawi zonse samasowa izi. Kudulira kokha komwe mungagwiritse ntchito ndiko kutchedwa kuyeretsa. Chofunika cha njirayi ndi kuchotsa masamba owuma kapena masamba ovunda. Mapepalawa amawombera zitsamba zokhala ndi thanzi labwino. Mabala samayiwala kukonza mapulusa.
Mukhoza kuyesa alokaziya, kudula masamba onse ndikusiya mtengo wopanda. Zokongoletsera zoterezi zimadzutsa masamba osalala ndikuwathandiza kukula. Komabe, ntchitoyi ndi yoopsa kwambiri ndipo siimatsimikiziranso. Kuwonjezera apo, palibe chofunikira chapadera cha njirayi, popeza alozaya wochenjera amatha kudzikonza okha, kutaya masamba akale komanso ena.
Kuwaza
Ngati nthawi yosatha imawoneka bwino, kuika maluwa aang'ono kumafunika 1 nthawi pachaka, komanso kwa munthu wamkulu - zaka 2-3. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yotsatirayi ndi kuyamba kwa kasupe. Ponena za munthu wamkulu wa alokazii, njira yopalesera nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi kusankhidwa kwina kwa gawo lapansi la gawolo.
Choncho, tikukudziwitsani kuti mudzidziwe bwino njira yowonjezeretsa chomera chachilendo:
- Mu chidebe chokonzekera cha kukula kwakukulu (zopangidwa ndi pulasitiki kapena keramics), mudzaze madziwa ndi pafupifupi 1/3 ya voliyumu yonse.
- Onjezerani gawo lina (gawo limodzi la nthaka, tsamba limodzi la humus, 1 gawo la peat, 0.5 gawo la mchenga). Nthaka iyenera kukhala yodetsedwa pang'ono (5.0-6.0 pH).
- Chotsani maluwa mosamala popanda kuphwanya kofi ya padziko lapansi. Ngati chomeracho chimaikidwa nthawi yoyamba mutagula m'sitolo, ndi bwino kutsuka nthaka yakale ku mizu ndi madzi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, yang'anani mosamala zitsambazo - kuchotsani malo ovunda. Gwiritsani mabala anu ndi makala ophwanyika ophwanyika, kenako phulani kwa ola limodzi.
- Sakanizani rhizome mu mphika, samalani kuti musawononge izo.
- Onjezerani tsatanetsatane wa nthaka kumbali zonse, ponyani poto pang'ono pang'onopang'ono.
Ndikofunikira! Yesetsani kuti mulowe mu khola, koma osati kuti muchepetse pansi.
Mitundu yobereketsa
Kunyumba, alokaziya akhoza kufalitsidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana: pogawaniza rhizome, kudula, ndi mbewu.
Mbewu
Mbewu ziyenera kufesedwa mu nthaka yosakaniza yokhala ndi mchenga wofanana ndi peat. Tsekani mbewuyi pafupi kwambiri, kenaka yikani chidebecho ndi galasi kapena yesani ndi filimuyo.
Nthawi ndi nthawi chotsani chitetezo kuti chisawononge nthaka. Chizindikiro cha kutentha m'chipinda chiyenera kukhala pafupifupi 24 ° C. Pomwe maonekedwe akuphuka, amafunika kuthamanga, ndipo pakapita kanthawi amabwezeretsanso. Kenaka zomera zachinyamata zimafuna kuziika muzitsulo zing'onozing'ono mpaka masentimita 7. Pamene mizu ya maluwa imadzaza chidebe chonse, Alocasia iyenera kutumizidwa ku mphika waukulu.
Cuttings
Njira yofalitsira ndi cuttings ndi:
- Pa mphindi 45 ° kudula apical kapena kudula tsamba.
- Dya zakuthupi kwa maola 3-4, ndiyeno muzitsata mizu yolima stimulator.
- Bzalani phesi lokonzedwa mu gawo lapansi lopangidwa ndi mchenga ndi peat.
- Phizani chomeracho ndi phukusi, osaiwala nthawi ndi nthawi mpweya. Yesetsani kusunga chinyezi, kutentha kwa microclimate.
- Patatha pafupifupi mwezi, mizu idzawonekera, kenako tsamba laling'ono.
Cuttings muzuke bwino mu madzi owiritsa ndi chidutswa cha makala akuwonjezerapo.
Mukudziwa? Pakati pa omwe akutsatira chiphunzitso cha Feng Shui, Alokazia akuonedwa kuti ndi woyang'anira Mwezi, choncho, tikulimbikitsidwa kuyamba anthu osadzudzula ndi okhumudwa kunyumba. Maluwa amapatsa mwini wake kulekerera ndi kufatsa.
Gawani
Kufalitsa ndi njira yochepetsera ndi njira yosavuta yomwe ingathe kuphatikizidwa ndi kuikiranso kuti asawononge maluwa kachiwiri:
- Pitani kuntchito kumapeto kwa March kapena kumayambiriro kwa April. Chotsani mosamala nthaka, osamala kuti musawononge mizu yosakhwima.
- Gwiritsani ntchito chida chakugawaniza rhizome kuti pakhale mphukira pa gawo lirilonse losiyana ndi rosette wa masamba.
- Pamene odulidwayo amauma, tani maluwa pansi ndipo mwamsanga musungunuke bwino. Kutentha mu chipinda musakhale pansi pa + 24 ° C.
- Nthaŵi zambiri zimatulutsa mpaka masambawo atayamba kutanuka.
Zingatheke ndi kukula
Ngakhale kusamalira nyumba ya alokaziya krupnokornevoy sikovuta kwambiri, komabe mavuto ena sapatutsidwa.
Madzi osowa nthawi zina amachititsa kuwonongeka kwa rhizome. Masamba owuma amasonyeza vuto. Kupeza vuto, dulani maluwa, kudula mizu yovunda. Mu chotsopanowo chatsopano, perekani chomeracho ndi nthaka yabwino komanso yosungunuka. Mwamsanga mukameta mowa, imitsani madzi poto.
Pale, koma osati kuyanika masamba amasonyeza kusowa kwa zakudya. Manyowa onse amawasakaniza ndi kuwatsanulira "makutu a njovu."
Onani mtundu wotchuka wa alokazii.Tizilombo toyipa timayesetsa kuti tisakhale ndi chomera chakupha, choncho sichisokoneza kawirikawiri. Alokaziya akuvutika ndi zirombo zowonongeka, koma akufooka ndi chisamaliro chosayenera. Katemera wa kangaude angayambe pa tsamba la masamba ngati sanagwiritsidwe ndi duwa ndipo sichikuwombera. Polimbana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, titsukeni masambawo ndi madzi, tizilombo toyambitsa fodya kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (Vermitek, Fitoverm, Aktofit).
Ngati mumakonda zomera zachilendo zosadziwika, ndiye kuti mukuyenera kulima mizu yayikulu alokaziya kunyumba. Mutakula maluwawa, simungapeze zokongoletsera zokhazokha m'kati mwa chipindacho, komanso mukhale ndi mankhwala onse obiriwira.
