Dracaena - imodzi mwa zomera zowonjezera ndi zaofesi, idasamukira kwa ife kuchokera ku madera otentha a South America, East ndi Central Africa, India ndi Canary Islands.
Kuti duwa likondweretse diso ndi mawonekedwe ake okongola, ndi koyenera kulisamalira mosamala, ndipo choyamba muyenera kusamalira nthaka. Momwe mungasankhire ndi kulima dothi la chipinda cha dracaena, werengani.
Zomwe zimasamalira dragon
Dracaena anatha kudziwonetsa yekha kukhala chikhalidwe chosadzichepetsa. Kusamalira maluwa sikufuna ntchito yambiri ndipo sikudzabweretsa mavuto.
Mukudziwa? Dzina la maluwa awa limakongoletsedwa kuchokera ku liwu lachigriki lakuti "drakainia", lomwe limamasulira ngati "chinjoka chachikazi". Dzinali ndilo chifukwa chakuti pamayambira a mitundu yambiri ya chikhalidwe, pambuyo pa ming'alu ndi kuvulala, madzi ofiira (chingamu) amachokera, omwe anthu ammudzi akugwirizana ndi mwazi wa chinjoka.
Zili ndi zotsatirazi:
- Kupereka chomeracho ndi kuunikira bwino. Zina mwazikuluzikulu za dracaena ndizowona, ndipo malo abwino kwambiri a nyumbayo ndi a kumpoto kapena kummawa kwa nyumba pafupi ndi mawindo. Ngakhale izi, maluwa salola kulunjika dzuwa, ndi bwino kumupatsa kuwala.
- Bungwe la kuthirira bwino. Chikhalidwe ndi chikondi chosiyana cha chinyezi. Zinthu monga malo a duwa, kukula kwa chidebe kwa icho, makhalidwe a nthaka osakaniza, ndi nyengo ingakhudze kuchuluka kwa ulimi wothirira. Choncho, zimalimbikitsidwa kuthirira madzi dracaena pokhapokha ngati dothi la pamwamba ladothi limafota ndi 2-3 masentimita. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, kuyanika koteroko kumachitika masiku awiri, kotero chikhalidwe chimamwetsa masiku awiri, m'nyengo yozizira ulimi wothirira umachepetsedwa kwa nthawi imodzi mu masiku atatu.
- Kuonetsetsa kuti maluwawo ndi otentha kwambiri - + 20 ... + 25 º C m'chilimwe komanso osachepera 15 º C m'nyengo yozizira. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, ndibwino kusuntha mphika wabwino.
- Feteleza. Ndibwino kuti mudyetse dracaena pokhapokha ngati ikukula - kuchokera pa March mpaka September. Kuthamanga - 1 nthawi mu masiku 14. Kwa feteleza apadera ayenera kukhudzana ndi shopu la maluwa. Odziŵa amalima a maluwa akulangizidwa kutenga "Dratsena", "New Ideal", "Rainbow", "Ideal", mosamala kwambiri ma dosage omwe atchulidwa mu malangizo.
- Kupereka chinyezi chofunikira. Chifukwa cha chiyambi chake cha kutentha, chikhalidwe chimadziwika kuti ndi chinyezi chachikulu, choncho ndibwino kuteteza masamba ake kuti asamamwe ndi kupuma nthawi zonse. Maluwa okongola makamaka amafunikira kupopera mbewu nyengo yotentha kapena m'nyengo yozizira ngati ili pafupi ndi magetsi oyendetsa, omwe, mwa njira, salandiridwa.
- Kutenga kukwera. Chomeracho chimafunikira njirayi kamodzi pa zaka 2-3. Iyenera kuchitika mu March kapena April. Ngati duwa silili ndi zaka zisanu, ndiye kuti liyenera kubzalidwa chaka chilichonse.
Ndikofunikira! "Chinjoka chachikazi" chiyenera kutetezedwa ku zojambula. Muyeneranso kuonetsetsa kuti sizitha kutsitsidwa, chifukwa kuchepa kwa chinyezi kumakhudzanso maluwa, monga kuyanika kwambiri.
Maonekedwe oyenera ndi zosowa za zosakaniza
Kuti moyo ukhale wabwino, kukula bwino ndi chitukuko mbeu ya njoka iyenera kubzalidwa bwino. Zimadalira mtundu wa nthaka momwe chikhalidwe chidzakhalira ndi masamba atsopano. Maluwawo sakhala osiyana pofunafuna pansi, koma ndibwino kuti musankhe kapena kukonzekera gawo labwino lomwe lidakonzedwa ndi kusakaniza peat. Chizindikiro chabwino cha acidity ndi pH 6-6.5.
Zina mwa zizindikiro za nthaka ziyenera kukhala zosavuta, kuwala, mpweya ndi madzi operewera. Ndi zophweka komanso zosavuta kugula zosakaniza za nthaka m'sitolo yapadera. Koma ndi zopangira zoyenera, zidzakhala zosavuta kukonzekera nokha. Choncho, kubzala ndi kuziyika ndikobwino kugwiritsa ntchito dothi losakanikirana, koma zoperekedwa zikhale zophweka.
Dziko lapansi lisakanike
Chitsime chabwino cha dracaena chidzakhala chosakaniza chadothi chomwe chinapangidwa kuchokera ku nthaka, nthaka yolimba, mchenga wambiri, peat ndi humus.
Ndikofunikira! Popanda madzi abwino, ngakhale pamtengo wapamwamba kwambiri, maluwa sangasangalale, zomwe zimakhudza maonekedwe ake, kotero kuti dothi losakanizidwa kapena dothi losweka liyenera kulowa mu mphika. Kutalika kwa chingwe cha ngalande chiyenera kukhala 0.1 cha kutalika kwa mphika.
Kuwala kusakaniza
Pali njira zingapo zomwe mungakonzekeretse madontho osakaniza a dracaena.
Mapangidwe a otchuka kwambiri akuphatikizapo zigawo zotsatirazi:
- tsamba lapansi (magawo atatu);
- nthaka ya sod (gawo 1);
- mchenga (gawo limodzi).
Amaluwa amalangizidwa kuti azikonzekera chisakanizo cha chikhalidwe, pogwiritsa ntchito peat, nkhono ya kakhuta, mchenga ndi kuwonjezera dothi mofanana ndi 1: 1: 1: 1. Njira yabwino yokonzera kuwala kwa dracaeni ikhoza kukhala dothi lopangidwa kuchokera ku magawo awiri a nthaka, masamba 6 a mchenga, magawo awiri a mchenga, 1/10 gawo la malasha. Malasha amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga ufa wophika, njerwa zopunduka amachitanso ntchito zomwezo. Chitsulo chokonzekera chiyenera kutetezedwa mwachitsulo ndi ulimi wothirira ndi manganese kapena kukotcha mu uvuni (ngakhale mu microwave).
Momwe mungasankhire zopangira zokonzeka
Kwa dracaena, gawo lonse lapansi lomwe limagulitsidwa m'masitolo ogulitsa maluwa ndi madothi a mitengo ya palmu ndi zomera zazikulu ndizoyenera. Posankha kugula malo a dracaena, muyenera kufufuza mosamala ndemanga za izo pa intaneti, komanso kupeza zofunikira kuchokera kwa amaluwa anu amaluwa.
Ndikofunikira! Ngakhale zitsimikizo za wopanga, nthaka yogulidwa iyenso iwonongeke.
Zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa kwa ogulitsa akulu omwe amapanga mankhwala osiyanasiyana kwa olima maluwa ndi wamaluwa. Komanso, pogula gawo lapansi, samverani chinyezi cha nthaka yomwe ikuperekedwa kwa inu (ziyenera kukhala zochepa) ndi khalidwe lake: ngati fungo lochokera ku dothi kapena tizilombo likupezeka pa iyo, ndiye musagule.
Zina mwa ubwino wa kugula dothi zikhoza kudziwika:
- kukhalapo kwa zigawo zofunikira pazomwe zilili;
- Mtengo wabwino wa zakudya, omwe opanga makina amakula ndi kugwiritsa ntchito biohumus ndi ovuta feteleza feteleza;
- zokhazikika zokhazikika (mtsinje wa mchenga, agroperlite);
- zizindikiro zabwino za madzi ndi mpweya wokwanira, kumasula, zakudya zowonjezera.
Zina mwa zosokonezeka za gawo logulidwa, ndiyenera kuzindikira kuti mwina zingakhale zosiyana ndi zomwe zilipo (panthawi ya replicator). Kuchokera pakulandila gawo lochepetsetsa lomwe lili ndi mphamvu zochepetsera zakudya palibe amene ali ndi inshuwalansi. Odziŵa amalima a maluwa akulangizidwa kugula zitsamba za nthaka ku Ecoflora, Garden of Miracles, Vermion, ndi Terra Vita makampani.
Kodi ndi zowonjezera ziti zomwe zimayenera chomera?
Pofuna kuti pakhale thanzi labwino, zimalimbikitsa kuonjezera kuti zikhale ndi ufa wa dolomite, phosphorous, potashi ndi zigawo zina za nayitrogeni, zomwe zimathandiza kuti dracaena ikhale yofulumira kwambiri. Kutsekera malasha kumatulutsa nkhuni.
Mukudziwa? Malingana ndi zikhulupiliro za anthu, dracaena amavomereza kuti pali mgwirizano, wokoma mtima, udindo, choncho kupezeka kwawo kumalandiridwa onse m'nyumba zogona komanso mu ofesi komanso nyumba za anthu.
Malangizo a wamaluwa
Alimi odziwa zambiri amavumbula zinsinsi za kupambana ndi kothandiza kulima mitengo ya dragon.
- Pakumera ndi kofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mizu ya maluwa sichikugwirizana ndi ngalande ya madzi.
- Ndibwino kuti muzitha kuyendetsa chikhalidwecho mwa njira yosinthira, ndiko kuti, popanda kuwononga nthaka.
- Musati mubzala chipatso cha dragon mu gawo ladothi.
- Pambuyo pokhala duwa, ndibwino kuti muzisamalire mwamsanga, ndikunyamulira mphamvu yoyenera komanso yopatsa thanzi labwino.
- Mizu ya chikhalidwe imakula chaka chilichonse ndi 1-2 masentimita, kotero mphamvu ya kuika ayenera kukhala 2-3 cm masentimita awiri kuchokera m'mbuyomu.
- Mukhoza kuwona kufunikira kokweza mitengo ya dracaen poyerekeza kukula kwa chomera ndi kukula kwake kwa thanki: ngati duwa lafika pamtunda wa masentimita 40, ndiye kuti peresenti ya mphika iyenera kukhala osachepera 15 masentimita.
- Pambuyo pa njirayi, m'pofunikanso kuthira nthaka, makamaka ndi kuwonjezera pa "Zircon" (kukula stimulator).
