Akalulu okongoletsera masiku ano ali m'gulu la ziweto zofala kwambiri. Chaka chilichonse zinyama zimapeza mbuye wawo ndipo sizikhala zokongoletsera za nyumbayo, koma komanso enieni a m'banja. Komabe, kwa ambiri, kugula nyama ngati imeneyi ndi mtundu wa lolota: kalulu amakhala fungo la phokoso losasangalatsa m'nyumba, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri vuto lachilengedwe. Lero tikambirana bwinobwino zomwe zimayambitsa zofukiza zosasangalatsa zomwe zimapezeka mu khola la nyama izi, ndikufotokozeranso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito vutoli.
Kodi akalulu amakongoletsa?
Funso limeneli ndi limodzi mwa zinthu zomwe anthu amagula pa sitolo yamagetsi akamagula kalulu. Ndipo nthawi zambiri yankho lake limakhudza kugula kwa nyama. Chifukwa chake, kwa ambiri zimakhala zenizeni zowoneka kuti zakhala zopanda phindu kulikonse kwa fungo ili.
Onetsetsani mitundu yambiri yokhala ndi akalulu okongoletsera: Gologolo, mutu wamphongo, wachikuda ndi mtundu wa buluu wa Viennese.
Mwachibadwa, mamembala onse a m'banja la Zaitsev ndi amodzi. Mitengo yosiyanasiyana ya zonunkhira, zitsamba, masamba, zipatso ndi zina zamasamba zimakhala ngati chakudya chachilengedwe cha nyama izi. 
Chotsatira chake, mankhwala obiriwira samapanga thupi la nyama izi, zomwe zimayambitsa kupangitsa kuti thupi likhale ndi thupi lokhala ndi nyansi zovuta kapena zosasangalatsa.
Mukudziwa? Akalulu okongoletsera anali okongoletsedwa mu 1870 ku UK.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, wina sayenera kuiwala kuti, mwachibadwa, akalulu ali pafupi ndi achibale awo. Monga momwe tikudziwira, nyamazi nthawi zambiri zimadya nyama zowonongeka, motero, chifukwa cha kusintha kwa chilengedwe, gulu la zinyama zokhudzana ndi ubweya wambiri zatsala pang'ono kutha kutulutsa fungo lapadera, zomwe zikhoza kupezedwa ndi wodya.
Mbaliyi inaperekanso kwa akalulu okongoletsa. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake kalulu wathanzi sangapangitse fungo losasangalatsa m'nyumba. 
Nchifukwa chiyani kalulu amadandaula
Kawirikawiri, fungo losasangalatsa la khola ndi kalulu lingayambe chifukwa cha kukula kwa matenda opatsirana ndi opweteka m'zinyama, kapena zingakhalepo chifukwa cha kuyeretsa mwamsanga kwa khola, wodyetsa kapena kumwa. Kenaka, timalingalira mwatsatanetsatane zomwe zimayambitsa fungo losasangalatsa kuchokera ku khola la kalulu, komanso njira zazikulu zowonjera.
Kusamalira bwino
Pakatikati pake, kubereketsa ubweya wanyama kumaphatikizapo kusamalira zinyama zoterezo pamalo osadziwika. Chotsatira chake, kudyetsa, kugona ndi kusungunuka kwa zinyalala za nyama zotere kumachitika m'dera limodzi.
Tikukulangizani kuti muganizire mbali zonse zazolondola za akalulu okongoletsera m'nyumba.
Ndicho chifukwa chake khola la kalulu liyenera kutsukidwa bwino kuchokera ku zinyama zosiyanasiyana, zinyama, komanso malitali omwe amawotcha. Ngati chofunikira ichi sichiwonetsedwe, kuwonongeka kwachilengedwe kwa zatsalira zapangidwe kumawoneka mu selo, zomwe zimapangitsa fungo losasangalatsa. 
Kuwonjezera apo, musaiwale za ziwalo za thupi la thupi la amuna. Mwa chikhalidwe chawo, amuna amatha kusungunula mapuloteni apadera omwe amapangidwa ndi ma glands a perianal.
Izi ndi zachibadwa kwa pafupifupi nyama zonse zakutchire, choncho pamene mankhwala ochulukirapo ochulukirapo amatha kuwonjezeka chifukwa cha kukolola kosalekeza, ngakhale malo ogona m'mimba amayamba kutulutsa fungo losasangalatsa.
Chakudya
Monga mukudziwira, mu zakudya za akalulu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri ya chakudya, zomwe mungapeze zouma, zowonongeka, komanso zomwe zimapangidwira. Kawirikawiri, mukamadyetsa chakudya chouma, eni ake alibe vuto lililonse, komabe, poyambitsa zakudya zowonjezera zakudya, zinthu sizili bwino. 
Chakudya cha mtundu uwu ndi tirigu wothira madzi mwa mitundu yonse ya mbewu za tirigu, zopangidwa ndi zokolola za tirigu (bran, mafuta, mafuta), komanso silage.
Gwirizanani, chifukwa akalulu mukusowa chakudya chokwanira. Werengani za momwe mungadyetse kalulu wokongola kunyumba.
Zogulitsa zoterezi ndi malo abwino oti akule bwino magulu a mabakiteriya ndi bowa. Choncho, ngati kusagwirizana ndi masalefu ndi zofunikira zowonongeka kwa chakudya, chakudya choterocho chimakhala phokoso la fungo losasangalatsa, lomwe nthawi zambiri limawopsya nyamazo.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kuyeretsa kumapeto kwa chakudya chochokera ku zakudya zowonjezera kungapangitsenso fungo losaneneka mu khola, komanso zilonda zoopsa za akalulu. 
Komanso, musaiwale kuti maonekedwe a akalulu okhwima a kalulu amakhudzidwanso ndi zakudya za nyama. Ndi zakudya zoperewera komanso zopanda phindu (makamaka nthawi yachisanu ya chaka) pali matenda osiyanasiyana m'matumbo, omwe amachititsa kuti thupi lisamagwire ntchito. Zimathandizanso kuti phindu la nyansi zowonongeka likhale lopweteka komanso losasangalatsa.
Utha msinkhu
Monga mukudziwira, nthawi ya kutha msinkhu pa nyama zakutchire pali kusintha kwakukulu kwa thupi. Panthawiyi, kuchepa kwa thupi kumachitika kusintha kwakukulu komwe kumagwirizana ndi kapangidwe ka chilengedwe cha zinthu zamagetsi.
Kawirikawiri izi zimakhudza mahomoni, makamaka amuna. Panthawi imeneyi, mapangidwe a ziwalo zonse zogonana, kuphatikizapo njira yoberekera. 
Pankhani iyi, pamene munthu ali msinkhu wamwamuna, matenda osiyanasiyana amatha kuchitika, zomwe zimayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa kanthawi kochepa kwa thupi. Zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti thupi la kalulu likhale ndi mavitamini enaake, mothandizidwa ndi nyama zomwe zimakhala ndi ubweya wambiri pamtunda.
Izi sizomwe zimakhala zofooka ndipo ndizakhalitsa, choncho nthawi zambiri sizikufuna kuti munthu athe kulowererapo.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kupewa zofukiza zosasangalatsa zomwe zimachokera ku zobisika zobisika za abambo akalulu, pakatha msinkhu komanso patapita nthawi, akalulu achinyamata amalimbikitsidwa kuti asamayanjane.
Zaka
Chifukwa cha zofukiza zonunkhira zochokera ku khola la kalulu zingakhale zaka za chiweto. Chifukwa cha maonekedwe a thupi pamene ali okalamba, kusinthika kosasinthika kwa thupi ndi matenda aakulu, kuphatikizapo dongosolo losakanikirana, likuchitika. 
Zotsatira zake, zinyama zimakhudzidwa ndi kusagwirizana kwa msinkhu wa umtunda, zomwe zimabweretsa maulendo ambiri. Zotsatira zake, zinyalala mu selo zimakhala zowonongeka kwambiri, zomwe zimabweretsa chitukuko cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, chomwe ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha fungo loipa.
Kawirikawiri, kukopa kovuta kwa anthu okhwima, okhudzidwa ndi kukoma kwake, ndi chifukwa cha zilonda zamtundu wa excretory kapena impso.
Matenda angayambitsidwe ndi matenda aakulu a bakiteriya, omwe ali aang'ono msinkhuyo amavutika ndi matendawa, kapena amakhala chifukwa chofooka chitetezo, chomwe sichikanatha kugonjetsa mabakiteriya. Nyamayo iyenera kuwonetsedwa kwa vet, mwinamwake izo zingapangitse imfa yake.
Matenda
Kawirikawiri fungo losasangalatsa la akalulu ndilo chifukwa cha matenda ovuta opatsirana. Pachifukwa ichi, ngakhale podziwa zofunikira zonse zaukhondo ndi zaukhondo kuti zisamalire nyama, ndizosatheka kuthetsa fungo lakuthwa. 
Ngati mukudziwitsutsa kuti mukudwala matenda oopsa kwambiri, musazengereze, chifukwa zingayambitse matendawa komanso zimayambitsa imfa ya nyama.
Dzidziwitse nokha ndi mitundu, zizindikiro ndi njira zothandizira matenda a kalulu yokongola.
Coccidiosis
Coccidiosis ndi matenda opatsirana owopsa omwe amachititsa kuti thupi likhale lopweteka kwambiri chifukwa cha majeremusi a mtundu wa Coccidiasina. Chifukwa cha chitukuko chake, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhudzidwa ndi chiwopsezo cha chiwindi ndi chiwindi, zomwe zimayambitsa kupeza fungo lolimba ndi ndowe ndi mkodzo. 
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a Coccidiasina Kawirikawiri ma coccidiosis amakhudza akalulu ali ndi zaka 3-4, koma matendawa amatha kuwonedwa m'magulu onse.
Kulumikizana mwachindunji ndi anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo kapena mavitamini awo a thupi kumatengedwa kuti ndiyo njira yofalitsira matenda, koma nthawi zambiri chakudya kapena kachilombo ka HIV chimakhala chifukwa cha matenda.
Zizindikiro zazikulu za coccidiosis:
- Kutsegula m'mimba komanso kutsekula kwa nthawi yayitali;
- chosakaniza;
- kusowa kudya;
- kutuluka m'magazi;
- kusamvera;
- kupweteka;
- kusamalidwa m'mimba (nthawi zambiri);
- Kuwonongeka kwa ubwino wa chivundikiro cha ubweya (pakapita patsogolo).
Kusasamala kwa kalulu ndi chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zazikulu za coccidiosis. Sikophweka koma n'zotheka kuchiza coccidiosis. Choyamba, munthu wokhudzidwayo ayenera kumangidwanso pamalo osiyana, omwe ali kutali ndi ziweto zina, ndi kuonetsetsa kuti ali ndi ubale komanso chitonthozo. Kuti tichite zimenezi, khola liyenera kutsukidwa tsiku ndi tsiku pa zakudya zonse zowonongeka ndi zakudya zowononga nthawi zonse, komanso kuwonjezera chakudya chowonjezera cha vitamini.Njira yaikulu yothandizira matenda amachepetsedwa mpaka kufika mu thupi la mankhwala osiyanasiyana a antibiotic.
Phunzirani mmene mungachiritse matenda a akalulu.
Odziwika kwambiri pakati pawo ndi awa:
- "Baycox 2.5%" - mankhwalawa amaperekedwa pamlomo. Pochita izi, mankhwalawa amadzipukutidwa ndi madzi akumwa mu chiwerengero cha 1: 10,000. Chotsatiracho chimachotsedwa ndi madzi akumwa nthawi yonse ya chithandizo. Kutalika kwa mankhwala ndi masiku 7-10;
- "Sulfadimetatoksin" - wothandizira akuyankhidwa pamlomo. Pa tsiku loyamba la mankhwala, mankhwalawa amachepetsedwera m'madzi ndi kuwerengera kwa 0.2 g / makilogalamu a kulemera kwake kwa nyama, mu masiku 4 akutsatira. Pambuyo pake, mankhwalawa ayimilira kwa masiku asanu ndikubwereza;
- "Furazolidone" - Wothandizira amathandizidwa pamlomo, mwachindunji kumalowetsa m'kamwa pakamwa pamtundu wa 30 ml / kg ya kulemera kwa nyama patsiku. Nthawi yonse ya mankhwala ndi masiku asanu ndi awiri.
Necrobacteriosis
Necrobacteriosis ndi matenda opatsirana opatsirana omwe amachititsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda Bacterium necrophorum. Chifukwa cha matendawa, nthendayi yamatenda imayamba kumapeto kwa milomo, m'kamwa, ndi pakamwa pa chinyama, limodzi ndi zinyama zakutchire ndi zowonongeka ndi fungo lakuthwa.
Chifukwa cha necrobacteriosis ngati mwadzidzidzi mankhwalawa, nthenda yotchedwa necrotic foci imayambitsa chiwindi, impso, minofu ndi ziwalo zina ndi machitidwe, zomwe zimayambitsa kufa kwa kalulu.
Mukudziwa? Coccidia anapeza m'chaka cha 1674 ndi katswiri wa zachilengedwe wa ku Netherlands dzina lake Anthony van Leeuwenhoek pa nthawi ya kalulu.
Chitani anthu odwala pamalo okonzedwa bwino, kutali ndi zinyama zilizonse. Malo okhudzidwa a thupi amatsuka minofu yakufa ndikusambitsidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo: 3% hydrogen peroxide, 3% zamkuwa sulfate kapena 0.1-0.5% potaziyamu permanganate 2-3 pa tsiku. 
Pofuna kuti mankhwala a purulent adziwe m'deralo, malo okhudzidwawo amatsukidwa ndi mankhwala 3% a vitriol buluu kapena hydrogen peroxide osachepera 2-3 pa tsiku. Pochotsa mabala pamilomo, malo omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amatsukidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndipo amachiritsidwa 2-3 pa tsiku ndi mafuta a zinc kapena iodoglycerin.
Monga chithandizo chachikulu cha mankhwala, njira yothetsera dibiomycin yokwana 30% yokonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito glycerol imalowa mkati mwa thupi, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mankhwala opangira 1 ml sayenera kukhala osachepera 30 U. Kusimitsidwa kumaperekedwa kwa akalulu nthawi 1 patsiku mu ntchafu, ndi chiwerengero cha 20 U / kg.
Kutalika kwa mankhwala a dibiomycin kumadalira kufunika kwake kwa mankhwala - nthawi zambiri mankhwalawa amaperekedwa mpaka mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuchokera kumadera omwe akukhudzidwa a thupi akuchotsedweratu. 
Kodi mungachotse bwanji fungo la kalulu?
Ngati pambuyo pake simunathe kupewa fungo losasangalatsa kuchokera kwa kalulu, chinthu chofunikira sikuti musataye mtima. Masiku ano pali njira zambiri zomwe zingathetsere kununkhira kulikonse kosasangalatsa ndi khalidwe labwino komanso losatha. Kenaka, timalingalira njira zodziwika kwambiri komanso zothandiza zothetsera kuipitsa komanso malo ena otentha a fungo losasangalatsa.
Kuyeretsa malo
Kuyeretsa nthawi zonse mu khola ndi imodzi mwa njira zabwino kwambiri zothetsera, komanso kuteteza chitukuko chosasangalatsa mu khola. Kuyeretsa magulu kumachitika nthawi zonse, osachepera 2-3 pa sabata, kuphatikizapo m'malo mwa zinyalala. Kuti muchite izi, zonse zomwe zili mkatizi ziyenera kutsukidwa bwino ndi madzi a sopo, kenako zouma kuti ziume.
Ngati fungo la kalulu silikanathetsedwa, muyenera kupukuta khola ndi vinyo wosasa wa vinyo kapena citric acid 5%, ndiyeno musambitsenso khola. 
Pakapita nthawi ngakhale kuyerekezera nthawi yam'chipinda sangathe kupulumutsidwa ku fungo la kalulu. Pambuyo pa miyezi yambiri pansi pa tepi zofiira kapena zofiira. Ndicho chiyambi cha zinyama, zomwe zadya kwambiri pamwamba pa zipangizo, ndipo zikuyimira malo abwino kwambiri kuti akule mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana omwe amapanga mafuta onunkhira panthawi ya ntchito yawo yofunikira.
Pochotsa icho, thirasiyo imadonthozedwa kwa mphindi 25-30 mu 5% yothetsera vinyo wosasa kapena citric asidi, ndiyeno osambitsidwa bwino.
Ndikofunikira! Zakudya zonse zopangira khitchini siziyamikiridwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito poyeretsa mu khola - nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri kwa akalulu.
Ndiyeneranso kuyang'anitsitsa ubwino wa zinyalala. Zomwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku udzu kapena udzu wobiridwa zimatengedwa kuti ndizofunikira kwambiri. Malita oterewa amatenga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zonunkhira zakumwa, komanso pafupifupi kwathunthu - zofukiza zonunkhira. Koma ngakhale izi, zinyalala ziyenera kusinthidwa nthawi zonse, osachepera 2-3 pa sabata. 
Ngati chifukwa cha mafutawa chimasokoneza kwambiri mapepala a perianal, ndiye kuti kuyeretsa nthawi kumathandiza kuthana ndi vutoli. Pakuti kalulu uyu umakhazikitsidwa molimba, ndipo kenako amayang'anitsitsa bwinobwino anus.
Kumbali zake pali mapepala a perianal glands ngati a nandolo yaying'ono. Chizindikiro chodziwika bwino cha ntchito yambiri ya glands ndi maonekedwe a bulauni wakuda kwambiri ndi fungo lamphamvu pozungulira iwo.
Kuyeretsa kwa glands kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsira ntchito thonje swabs oviikidwa m'madzi owiritsa, kapena kudzoza mafuta kwa ana obadwa. Chotsani chisanu chidzakuthandizani kuchotsa bwino chipika chonse chozungulira ma glands.
Ndondomekoyi imachitika mosamala, monga khungu la kalulu m'dera lino ndilo lachikondi kwambiri. Kuyeretsa koopsa kumapangitsa kuti khungu liwonongeke komanso kuti matendawa asokonezeke. 
Timatsuka glands
Kugwiritsira ntchito chida kapena mankhwala
Pofuna kuti pakhale kusunkhira kosasunthika kuchokera ku zinyenyeswazi, mungagwiritse ntchito trayi yapadera: pakuti, kuyambira ali mwana, chinyama chimaphunzitsidwa kuti chikhale chokhachokha. Ntchitoyi nthawi zambiri imakhala yosiyana ndi maphunziro a amphaka amphaka, popeza akalulu amadziwika ndi nzeru zamakono.
Pafupipafupi, muyeso woterewu umapindulitsa kwambiri, popeza kuti phokoso lalikulu limakhala losavuta tsiku ndi tsiku.
Zipangizo zamakono zamakono zimathandizanso kuthetsa kununkhira kwa kalulu. Pali mitundu yambiri ya magawo apadera pamsika umene umapsa fungo losasangalatsa, lotchedwa ozonizers. Chifukwa cha electrochemical reaction, chipangizochi chimasokoneza mlengalenga ndi ma molecule a ozone omwe amamasuka, omwe amatenga nthawi yomweyo ndi zonyansa za mpweya ndi kuzigwira.
Pa maola 12-24 okha, ozonizer amatha kuyeretsa kwathunthu chipinda kuchokera ku fungo losasangalatsa. Chipangizo choterocho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi ndi nthawi kapena nthawi zonse, koma osaposa 1 nthawi mu masiku 2-3. 
Kawirikawiri, amphawi ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono pofuna kuthetsa fungo lililonse losasangalatsa muzitsulo zam'madzi ndi ziweto zina. Amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala oteteza adsorbers omwe amamwa chinyezi chilichonse, komanso amakhala ndi zotsatira zowononga mabakiteriya.
Izi sizikuthandizani kupewa chitukuko cha zonunkhira zosasangalatsa, komanso zimapangitsa kuti pakhale vuto labwino.
Pa msika pali mitundu yambiri ya ndalama, imodzi mwa yotchuka kwambiri ndi mankhwala "Mwatsopano". Он представляет собой белое порошкообразное безвредное вещество без резкого запаха.
Смешивают порошок с чистой подстилкой в расчёте 10 г/100 см куб, после чего полученную смесь помещают в лоток. Njirayi imathandiza kuti mupewe fungo losavuta mu selo ndikuchepetsa kwambiri chiwerengero cha kuyeretsa maselo. 
Ndi zowonjezera chakudya
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, chakudya choyenera chidzakuthandizani kuchepetsa kununkhiza kovuta kwa kalulu. Choyamba, chakudya cha nyama chiyenera kukhala ndi zakudya zowonongeka komanso zakudya zina. Udindo wawo umasewera ndi mavitamini osiyanasiyana a mavitamini omwe akuwonjezeredwa kuti:
- mbatata yophika;
- kaloti zophika;
- topinambur;
- kabichi yoyera;
- shuga beets;
- kohlrabi;
- sikwashi;
- mphukira;
- zitsamba zosiyanasiyana zosunkhira.
Chiwerengero cha zowonjezera zowonjezera ziyenera kukhala pafupifupi 60-70% ya kulemera kwathunthu kwa chakudya cha chinyama. Pankhaniyi, thupi lake silingagwirizane ndi zinthu zogawanika, zomwe zimayambitsa zofukiza zosasangalatsa. Kuonjezeranso kuti chimbudzi chikhale chothandizira ndikuthandizira kulemera kwa masamba, kaloti, masamba a kabichi.
Ndikofunikira! Tsamba la phwetekere mwa mtundu uliwonse ndi loopsa kwa thupi la akalulu. Zingayambitse poizoni, ngakhale imfa.
Fungo losasangalatsa ndi vuto lomwe pafupi mwini aliyense wa kalulu wokongoletsera akuyang'ana. Ngakhale kuti ukhondo wapamwamba ndi fungo lachilengedwe lachepa, nthawi zambiri nyamayi imakhala gwero la fungo losalekeza komanso losasangalatsa.
Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, pali zotsatila zambiri za mitundu yonse, koma zothandiza kwambiri ndizomwe zimasamaliridwa panthaŵi yake komanso moyenera.
Video: momwe mungapewere kununkhiza koipa mu kalulu
