Kallizia - kukula ndi chisamaliro kunyumba, mitundu yazithunzi

Kallizia, masharubu agolide (Callisia) ndi shrub ya herbaceous osatha, a banja la banja. Malo obadwira a callisia ndi Central ndi South America, mphukira zake, zikafika kunyumba, zimafika mita imodzi kutalika. Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, mbewu zathanzi zimachulukana kukula ndi masentimita angapo pachaka.

Maluwa amachitika kuyambira nthawi yozizira mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachisanu. Maluwa amadziwika ndi zazifupi, tint yoyera. Amasonkhana m'magulu ang'onoang'ono a inflorescence. Masamba a chomera cha callisia, kutengera mitundu, amasiyanitsidwa ndi makulidwe akuluakulu a mbale ndi mamvekedwe amtundu wosinthira: ikhoza kukhala yofiirira, siliva, pabuka kapena burgundy.

Mphamvu zakuchiritsa za callisia

Masamba a chomera amatha kutulutsa ma phytoncides opindulitsa mumlengalenga, motero tikulimbikitsidwa kusunthira mbewuyo kumutu wa bedi usiku. Zimathandizira kuthetsa kusowa tulo komanso zolakwika. Mafuta a ma ndevu a golide ndi othandiza komanso ogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati wowerengeka:

• amalimbikitsa kuchiritsa kwa mabala;
• amachitira matenda a pakhungu;
• amachotsa lichen, zilonda, chikanga;
• amathandizira kuchotsa zilonda zamatumbo ndi mavuto.

Mitsempha yodalirayo imatha kutafunidwa musanagone - kumeza madziwo ndikutaya zamkati.

Kusamalira callis kunyumba. Mwachidule

Chomera sichosangalatsa, choncho kusamalira ndikosavuta. Kallizia kunyumba imadziwika ndi kukula kwapakatikati, mawonekedwe olimawo ali motere:

Kusamalira callis kunyumba. Mwatsatanetsatane

M'malo am'nyumba, callisia yapamwamba komanso zokwawa ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti zikule. Kubzala kumasungidwa m'zipinda zofunda komanso zazikulu, chisamaliro sichikhala ndi zovuta zazikulu.

Maluwa aku callisia

Maluwa alibe zisonyezo zokongoletsera, koma owonda onunkhira bwino. Maluwa amayamba kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, koma ngati nyengo yatentha, ndiye kuti izi zitha kuyamba pambuyo pake. Home callis limamasula yaying'ono yoyera inflorescence, itasonkhana zidutswa zitatu pamwamba pa mphukira.

Chomera sichingadzitamande chifukwa cha maluwa ambiri pofunda chifukwa cha kutentha. Maluwa onunkhira a callisia ali ndi fungo lokhazikika kwambiri, mitundu ina sikufalikira kwenikweni.

Njira yotentha

Alimi a mbewu amasankha callisia chifukwa cha kudzala kwake. Kallizia amamva kutentha kwambiri kutentha, imodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri pakukula ndikuletsa kukonzekera. Sitikulimbikitsidwanso kuyika mbewuyo m'zipinda ndikusinthasintha kwamphamvu muzoyimira kutentha.

Kuchita bwino kwa nthawi zosiyanasiyana za chaka:

• chilimwe - +20 - 25 madigiri;
• m'nyengo yozizira - 16 madigiri.

Kutentha sikuyenera kugwa + mpaka madigiri 14 m'chipindacho, apo ayi masamba azomera azikhala ofewa. Mukayika mphika m'chipinda chofunda kwambiri nthawi yozizira, ndiye kuti callis imatulutsa kwambiri.

Kuwaza

Zomwe mbewuzo zimachokera m'malo otentha, choncho callisia kunyumba nthawi zonse iyenera kukhala chinyezi. Kumwaza kumachitika mwachilungamo mwapadera: masamba sayenera kuzingidwa ndi kukakamira kwamphamvu kwa mfuti yopopera. Njira yabwino ikakhala kuti utha madzi osungidwa kutali ndi mita imodzi.

M'nyengo yozizira, callisia imafunikiranso chinyezi. Chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa mabatire nthawi zonse, imayamba kuuma, ndiye kuti muyenera kusiya mawonekedwe owoneka ngati mpweya.

M'nyengo yozizira, masamba amafunikiranso kuthiridwa, komabe, ndikofunikira kuwunika kuchuluka kwa madzi - madontho akhale ochepa.

Kuwala

Popeza mtengowo uli ndi masamba owala, pamafunika kuwala kofewa koma kosakanikirana. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuyika mphikawo m'malo otetezeka a chipindacho - izi zingawononge chitukuko. Ngati mphika wokhala ndi callis wayima pazenera la zenera kumwera chakum'mwera, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyika timitengo kuchokera ku kuwala kwa UV mwachindunji.

Zambiri mwa kuyatsa kwa mbewu:

• nyengo yotentha, callisia imayikidwa bwino pazenera lakumadzulo kapena lakumawa;
• kulima pakati pa chipinda chowala ndikuloledwa;
• khitchini sioyenera kukula - imakhala ndi fungo labwino kwambiri;
• M'chilimwe, kukayatsa bwino, callisia imatengedwa kupita kukhonde.

Chomera ndichabwino kukula muofesi. Ngati chodzalachi chayikidwa m'malo opanda chimbudzi, chimakula msanga.

Kuthirira

Kuthirira callisia, madzi ofewa okha ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chotetezedwa kapena madzi amvula amayenera izi. Chilimwe ndi masika ziyenera kudziwika ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse, popeza kutentha kwa nyengo yozungulira kumawuka pang'onopang'ono. Pafupipafupi kuthirira kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kuyanika kwa dziko lapansi.

M'nyengo yozizira, mmera umathiriridwa madzi mosasamala - zimatengera kutentha kwa chipinda. Kutsanulira madzi pakati pa malo ogulitsiratu ndikoletsedwa - izi zivunda masamba. Ngati dothi lili louma, mbewuzo zitha kufa.

Miphika ya callis

Mukapeza chomera mu shopu yamaluwa, sichimaika. Minda yaying'ono ikamera pang'ono, mutha kuiyika. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani chidebe choyenera: poto uyenera kukhala wokulirapo, koma wokuya.

Ndikwabwino kusankha chidebe chopangidwa ndi zoumba, koma nthawi zambiri anthu amagula mapoto apulasitiki - amakhalanso oyenera.

Chimodzi mwazofunikira ndizopezeka pallet yolimba.

Nthaka ya callis

Kusakaniza kwa dothi kuyenera kupangidwa molondola.

Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito turf lapansi, humus ndi mchenga. Zida zonse zimatengedwa molingana ndi 1: 3: 1. Dothi lonyansa la Sodomu, lolemera ndi michere yomwe imakhudza bwino kukula.

Humus amakhala ndi manyowa ovunda mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi dothi. Mchenga umathandiza chomera - chimasewera monga ngalande ndipo umadutsa mpweya. Zinthu zitatu zomwe zili pamwambazi zimatha kukonzedwa popanda kudziyimira nokha, kapena mutha kugula nyimbo zopangidwa kale m'misika yamaluwa.

Feteleza ndi feteleza

Duwa la Callisia kunyumba ndilosapeweka, koma feteleza amayenera kutero. Ophunzira okhwima mbewu amadziwa kuti kubzala pamafunika kudyetsedwa kuyambira mwezi wa March mpaka August. Izi zikuyenera kuchitika kamodzi masiku 14.

Madera opanga okonzedwa bwino azomera zabwino amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mavalidwe apamwamba. Mlingo wosonyezedwa phukusi uyenera kudulidwa, ndipo nthawi yozizira feteleza sagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuphatikizika kwa callis

Chomera chimadziwika ndi kukula mwachangu, kotero mbewu zachikulire zimatha kuziwitsidwa mu kasupe kapena yophukira chaka chilichonse.

Mphika watsopano uyenera kukhala wokulirapo wa 2-3 cm mulifupi wakale. Musanaikemo, ndikofunikira kuthirira nthaka m'nthawi ya 1 kuti muchotse mizu mosavuta.

Ntchito yoika ndikuwoneka motere:

• kukonza nthaka kuchokera kumchenga, humus ndi sod;
• Kukonzekera kwa wosanjikiza dongo kapena thonje;
• kutenga chomera kuchokera mumphika wachikale ndi mtanda wa dothi;
• kubzala malo m'mphika watsopano.

Ngati nkhungu yaumbika m'nthaka yakale kapena mavuto ena atuluka, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzitsuka bwino bwino mizu kuti matenda asadzapezeke. Ngati ndi kotheka, mizu imatulutsidwa.

Kudulira

Monga chomera chilichonse, callisia kunyumba yosamalira ikufunika kudulira nthawi yake. Ndikwabwino kuchita izi mchaka, pakakhala kuchuluka kowonjezeka kwa mphukira. Kudulira kumathandizira kupatsa chitsamba chikhalidwe chawo.

Kuti chomera chikhale chokongola kwambiri, zodula zingapo zimabzalidwa nthawi yomweyo mumphika. Kubzala mosasamala kumadulira.

Kubala kwa Callisia

Kukonzanso kwa chomera kumachitika ndikudula, chifukwa pakapita nthawi, mphukira za callis m'munsi zimawululidwa. Kubalana kumachitidwanso pogwiritsa ntchito zigawo ndi masharubu.

Kufalikira kwa callisia podulidwa

Mphukira yodulidwa imangotenga pokhapokha ngati "ma membala" khumi atakula. Kuti muchite izi, gawo kumtunda limadulidwa "kulumikizana" pansipa, pomwe pakati pa "cholumikizira" chachitatu chapezeka. Zodulidwa zimabzalidwa kuti zizika mizu m'madzi ndikuphimbidwa ndi kapu pulasitiki.

Kuti mphukira isazike, zimatenga milungu iwiri. Mizu ikangopangika mu chida, ikhoza kuikidwa pansi. Fragrant Kallizia amafuna bungwe lothandizidwa, chifukwa limasiyanitsidwa ndi zimayambira kwambiri.

Kufalitsa mwa kuyala

Mutha kudzala zonse mu poto la kholo, kapena padera, ngati mulibe malo okwanira. Kuthawa kuyenera kuyikidwa ndikuwazidwa ndi lapansi pamlingo wa "mafupa" a 2-3. Mizu yake ikawoneka, zigawo zake zimadulidwa kuchoka pachomera cha mayi ndikuzika ndi chidebe china.

Masharubu Callisia Kubwezeretsa

Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito masharubu pobereka mu fungo labwino la callisia. Ndiye amene amapanga kumapeto kwa masharubu pang'ono pang'onopang'ono ndi mizu. Amadula ndikubzala mumphika wina. Mutha kuwongoleranso ndevu ku chidebe choyandikana nawo osakonza. Masharubu akayamba kuzika, amathanso kuwaika.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Kallizia akadzakula kunyumba amakumana ndi mavuto otsatirawa:

1. Callisia mapesi otambalala - chomera chiribe kuwala kokwanira.
2. Kallizia ikukula pang'onopang'ono - pali kusowa kwa umuna.
3. Masamba ang'ono ndi akhungu - feteleza wosakwanira wamafuta.
4. Masamba ofewa a callisia - matenthedwe ochulukirapo ndi ochepa kwambiri.
5. Masamba owola - madzi amalowa pakatikati pa malo othirira mukathirira.
6. Mawonekedwe a bulauni pam masamba a callisia - mpweya m'chipindacho ndi wouma kwambiri.
7. Zomera zimamera mwachangu - Amawonedwa ngati njira yachilengedwe kuti mupewe, gwiritsani ntchito kukonzanso pokonza.

Mwa mavuto ena wamba, obzala mbewu amazindikira kuwonongeka kwa mizu ndi tsinde zowola. Matenda amawoneka chifukwa cha chinyontho cha dothi louma komanso ngalande zoyendetsedwa bwino. Tizirombo tating'onoting'ono tomwe timakhudzana ndi callisia: nthata za kangaude, kupindika komanso tizilombo tambiri.

Mitundu ya callis kunyumba ndi zithunzi ndi mayina

Callisia yapamwamba (ndichisomo)

Herbaceous osatha ndi zokwawa zoyambira. Kutalika kwazomera - masentimita 30 mpaka 40, masamba ozungulira omwe ali kumapeto kuli mbali zonse ziwiri za tsinde. Pamaso pa masamba ake ndi velvety, pali zingwe zasiliva zoyera, zomwe kumbuyo kwawo zimakhala ndi utoto wofiirira. Maluwa oyera amawoneka kumapeto kwa chirimwe.

Zodzikongoletsera za Callisia

Wachiwiri wodziwika dzina lake ndi masharubu a Golide. Chomera chili ndi katundu wochiritsa, kutalika kwake kumafika masentimita 70-120. Masamba ndiwopindika komanso amtundu mbali zonse, amaimilidwa ndi mitundu iwiri: yayitali komanso yotalika mpaka 30 cm, komanso mphukira zopindika ngati liana. Maluwa amachitika kumapeto kwa dzinja, masamba a chakudya amawonekera, koma fungo labwino.

Kallizia zokwawa

Wosatha ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, omwe amafikira kutalika kwa masentimita 10. Zimayambira zimadziwika ndi masamba akuda omwe amakhala m'mizere iwiri. Chodabwitsa cha zokwawa callisia ndikuti chimakula mwachangu kwambiri. Chitsamba chimafalikira pamwamba, ndikupanga kapeti wobiriwira.

Navicular scaly

Chomera ichi ndi chamtundu wa sapulents, masamba ake ndi afupifupi, masamba adakhuthala, ndi msuzi wambiri. Masamba mpaka 2 cm, kutalika pansi pa dzuwa, amatenga tint yofiirira.