Begonia ndi malo opangira nyumba omwe amakula mwakuya ndi amalimi ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Pakati pa zachilendo komanso nthawi imodzi yokongola kwambiri maluwa amenewa, chomera chimakhala chochititsa chidwi kwambiri, chomwe chimatchedwa kuti masamba. Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mudziwe zambiri za mlendo wodabwitsa uyu, ndikuganizira kwambiri zazomwe akulima kunyumba.
Kulongosola kwa zomera
Tiger begonia ingapezekedwe pansi pa mayina omwe akuti "Bauer begonia" kapena "tiger", koma mulimonsemo ndi chomera chomwecho, ndi tsinde la nthambi (mpaka 35 cm mu msinkhu) ndi masamba oboola mtima, omwe ali ndi mapepala osakanizika pamphepete. Kawirikawiri, kutalika kwa tsamba la masamba sikudutsa 6-8 masentimita, ndipo mtundu wake umakopa maso ndi mawanga obiriwira ndi ofiira, omwe amaonekera bwino pamdima wobiriwira. Ndi chifukwa chokongoletsera masamba omwe zomerazo zimapindulitsa kwambiri ndi alimi, chifukwa mvula yozizira siimapangitsa kuti begonia ikhale yokongola kwambiri. 
Komanso, ambiri amalima maluwa amachotsa maluwa omwe amawonekera kuti asatenge juzi mumtundu wobiriwira. Ziri zochititsa chidwi kuti ma inflorescences oyera amera mwachindunji ku mizu ya mbewu, yomwe ili mbali ya pamwamba pa gawolo. Sizingatheke kukomana ndi tiger begonia ku chilengedwe, chifukwa mu 1970 iwo adapezedwa mwa kuswana, chifukwa cha khama lasayansi wa ku Germany R. Bauer.
Mukudziwa? Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa begonias kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dzina la botanist wa ku France Charles Plumier, yemwe adachita nawo kayendetsedwe ka sayansi ya 1687 kupita ku Antilles. Ndiye amene adapeza mitundu yatsopano ya zomera m'madera a West Indies, ndipo mu 1690 maluwawo amatchedwa "begonia".
Zofunikira ndi chisamaliro kunyumba
Zipinda zilizonse zimafuna kuti munthu adziwe momwe angakhalire, makamaka ngati tikukamba za mitundu yotentha yomwe silingasinthidwe malinga ndi nyengo ya nyengo. Ngakhale kuti Bauer's begonia sitingatchedwe kuti ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe limaimira zomera zachilendo, aliyense ayenera kudziwa ziganizo za kulima kwawo.
Kuunikira
Njira yabwino yothetsera miphika ndi begonias ndiyo mawindo a mawindo a kumwera chakumadzulo ndi kum'maŵa, popeza pokonzekera kuyatsa kwa chomera muyenera kumamatira "golide". Dzuwa lowala komanso lowala kwambiri lidzawathandiza kuwotcha mapepala, ndipo chifukwa cha kusowa kwawo kudzakhala kosavuta kwa begonias. 
M'nyengo ya chilimwe, malo abwino oti mukhale ndi maluwa osakanizika adzakhala khoma lotsekedwa kapena malo otsetsereka, mwachitsanzo, malo ozizira ndi ochepa kwambiri, otetezedwa ku ma drafts.
Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi
Chifukwa cha chiyambi cha kutentha kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya begonias, n'zosadabwitsa kuti onse amafunika kutentha kwambiri. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tiger, yomwe imamva bwino ngati zizindikirozi zimaposa phindu la 50-60%. Pakati pa kutentha, zizindikiro zabwino kwambiri zidzakhala zamtengo wapatali mkati mwa 15 ... + 26 ° C, malingana ndi nyengo.
Kuthirira
Mu nyengo yozizira (kuyambira pakati pa masika mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn), tiger begonia imathiriridwa masiku awiri ndi awiri, ndikuyang'ana mkhalidwe wa pamwamba pa nthaka yosanjikiza (ziyenera kukhala zowonongeka). Kwa ulimi wothirira, madzi okhazikika ndi otetezedwa pakamwa kutentha ndi abwino, ndipo posankha njira yogwiritsa ntchito madzi, onetsetsani kuti chinyezi sichigwera pa masamba a chomeracho.
Ndikofunikira! Kudyetsa dothi kumakhala koopsa ngakhale kumadera otentha, choncho ngati maola angapo mutatha kupangira poto, imakhala ikuda.
M'nyengo yozizira, tiger begonia ili ndi mpumulo, choncho ndi bwino kuchepetsa ulimi wothirira kwa nthawi imodzi pa sabata, komabe, kokha ngati kutentha kwa mkati kuli pa 15 ° C kapena pang'ono. Begonia sitingathe kutsukidwa, koma kuti tiwonjezere chinyezi, mphika ukhoza kuikidwa pa thireyi ndi miyala yowonongeka kapena mitsuko yonyowa. Nthawi zambiri, zingakhale zothandiza kuyika chidebe chotseguka ndi madzi pafupi ndi duwa. 
Kupaka pamwamba
Nyengo ya feteleza ya begonia imayamba ndi kufika kwa kasupe ndipo imatha nthawi yonse ya chilimwe, nthawi zonse nthawi imodzi pamwezi. M'nyengo yozizira, nthaka imamera kamodzi pa miyezi iwiri iliyonse, kapena imasiya kudyetsa mpaka masika. Zizindikiro zabwino za kukula kwa zomera ndi chitukuko zingatheke pothandizidwa ndi zovuta zowonjezera mchere kwa maluwa amkati, komabe ndi zofunika kuchepetsa mlingo womwe wopangidwa ndi opanga amapanga kawiri.
Kudulira
Kudulira begonias sikumangotanthauza zokhazokha, komanso kubzala chomera chachikulu pamene kuli kofunika kuchikonzanso. Pofuna kuti mizu ikhale yogwirizana mofulumira ndi maluwa atsopano, duwa limachotsedwa mu mphika ndipo mizu imadulidwa, kusiya masamba awo okha ndi masamba. Nthawi zina alimi amachotsa masamba ena.
Phunzirani momwe mungasamalire ku begonia mfumu.
Kuwaza
Kuyika kwa zomera zachinyamata kumachitika chaka chilichonse, kumayambiriro kwa masika, ndipo ndikwanira kutenga zitsanzo za anthu akuluakulu ku mphika watsopano osati kamodzi pachaka zaka 2-3. 
Popanda kuika, chokongoletsera chomeracho chidzachepa kwambiri, kotero musanyalanyaze zomwe mukugwirizana nazo:
- Choyamba, konzekerani mphika watsopano woyenera (zomwe zilibe kanthu), ndizochepa mwake zomwe zidzakhala 2-3 masentimita kuposa kale.
- Thirani masentimentimentimita a dothi lowonjezera kapena zowonjezera mmalo mwake, onetsetsani mchere wochepa kwambiri wa peat moss pamwamba pake ndikudzaza chidebecho ndi theka la chigawo chokonzedwa bwino: mwina ndi nthaka yokonzekera ya begonias, kapena yokonzekera yokonzedwa mofanana ndi peat, perlite, humus ndi coarse sand .
- Chotsani chomera kuchokera ku mphamvu yamakono akadzala, ndipo mutatha kudula mizu, iikeni iyo yatsopano, potsirizira pake mudzazaze ndi gawo lotsala.
Ndikofunikira! Musati mudzaze mphika kwathunthu. Mizu ya tiger begonia imathamangira kwambiri pamwamba pa gawo lapansi, chifukwa chake nthawi zonse amafunika kugona ndi nthaka. Njira yabwino kwambiri ndi 2 cm ya malo opanda ufulu kuchokera pansi mpaka pamphepete mwa mphika.Pambuyo pa kusinthitsa, ndibwino kutulutsa begonia mu chipinda chakuda, ndikuzisiya kumeneko kwa tsiku limodzi. M'tsogolomu, mphika ukhoza kubwezeretsedwa ku malo ake oyambirira.
Video: Momwe mungasinthire begonia mu mphika watsopano
Kuswana
Kuberekanso kwa tiger begonia kumatheka ndi njira zamasamba (kudula kapena kugawa chitsamba), kapena ndi njira ya mbeu, ngakhale kuti pamapeto pake munthu sayenera kuyembekezera kuti kumera kumathamanga kwambiri. Taganizirani izi mwazomwe mungachite.
Cuttings
Pankhani ya cuttings mu nkhaniyi, mwangwiro woyenera masamba a sing'anga kukula, wathanzi akuyang'ana. Mu mawonekedwe odulidwa, ayenera kukhala ndi tsinde la masentimita asanu m'litali. Lingazulidwe m'madzi, kenako limabzala mu gawo lapansi. Ndi zophweka kukonzekera dothi lokongola: pa tsamba limodzi la tsamba (sod), muyenera kutenga mchenga wofanana ndi peat. Zimalangiziranso kuthira nthaka musanayambe kubzala tsamba.
Werengani komanso momwe mungasamalirire begonia elatior.
Zotsatira za zochitika zonsezi ndi izi:
- Dulani pepala losankhidwa ndi mpeni wakuthwa ndi wodwalayo.
- Ikani izo mu galasi yaying'ono kapena vaseti, koma kuti petiole musakhudze pansi (izi zimayambitsa kuwonongeka).
- Siyani tsamba kuti muzitha kugwira ntchito yozembera mumdima komanso mthunzi mpaka mzuzi wanu uwonekere.
- Patatha masabata angapo, chomerachi chikhoza kuikidwa mu gawo lokonzekera.
Kuthamangitsa tsogolo la mbewu likuchitika tsiku ndi tsiku, koma dothi lokhazikika limatheka kokha ndi kuyanika kwathunthu. Kukula cuttings pansi, mukhoza kuchepetsa kutentha m'chipinda kuti + 17 ... +19 ° C. Kubzala mizu kumatenga miyezi 1-1.5.Kugawa chitsamba
Kusiyana kwa chitsamba begonias - njira yowonjezera yopezera zomera zatsopano kuchokera ku maluwa a mayi. Kaŵirikaŵiri imachitidwa panthawi ya kukonzanso, pamene mizu yayenera kale kuchotsedwa pa gawo lapansi. Komabe, ngati mukufuna kugawanika maluwa mpaka pano, simungathe kuchoka mu thanki, koma kungodula gawo lomwe mukufuna, kukulitsa mpeni m'nthaka kwazomwe mukufuna. Chida chogwiritsidwa ntchito chiyenera kukhala chakuthwa kwambiri, kuti asachoke pazitsamba pa chomera chotsalira cha amayi.
Mukudziwa? M'mayiko a ku Asia, tubers ya begonia imadyedwa powonjezera chakudya ndi zakumwa. Ali ndi fungo lokoma la citrus ndipo amawonjezera kukoma kokoma kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zophikira.
Chinthu chofotokozedwa pamwambapa n'choyenera kuti dothi likhale lopangidwa, ndipo ngati chidebe chothandizira zomera zazing'ono, makapu osungunuka apulasitiki angathe kukonzekera, pansi pake komwe kuli kofunikira kuyika chithovu chophwanyika kapena zinthu zina zothira. Mbali ya mbeu yomwe imachotsedwayo imayikidwa pamalo osungira mu gawo labedi, ndipo imadetsedwa ndi nthaka yonse, yokhala ndi thumba la pulasitiki. 
Pofulumizitsa kumera kwa rhizomes pa gawo logawanika, ndibwino kuti lilowetse muzu wa kukula stimulator kwa mphindi 1-2 asanaikidwe.
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu
Njira yoberekerayi si yotchuka monga yam'mbuyomu, koma idagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi alimi kupanga mabala atsopano. Zomera zimatha kugulidwa pafupi ndi sitolo iliyonse ya maluwa, komwe kawirikawiri imaperekedwa mwa mitundu iwiri: nthawi zonse (popanda zopangidwe zina) ndi granulated (mwa mawonekedwe a dragees).
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza kulima tuberous begonia.
Njira yotsiriza imakhala yosavuta kugwira nawo ntchito, komabe, kukonzekera kolowera komweko kumapereka kukhazikitsa ntchito zoyenera (kufesa mbewu kumayambiriro kwa masika):
- Kuchiza chithandizo cha mbeu ndi gawo limodzi la potaziyamu permanganate (begonia mbeu imathiridwa mu njira ya 30-45 mphindi, pambuyo pake imatsukidwa bwino pansi pa madzi).
- Kufesa mbewu mu mapepala osungunuka a peat omwe amaikidwa pamphuno (mutabzala chidutswacho ayenera kuphimbidwa ndi galasi kapena filimu ya pulasitiki).
Masamba atatu enieni atangopangidwa pa mbande zazing'ono, zosankha zingatheke pobzala aliyense m'magawo osiyana ndi nthaka yabwino (nthaka yosakaniza yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zomera wamkulu). Patatha miyezi iwiri yosankhidwa kale, achinyamata a begonias akhoza kuchitidwa kachiwiri, koma amakhala ndi miphika yosatha.Mavuto akukula
Pokonzekera bwino zochita zanu zonse kuti muzisamalira zomera zapakhomo, sipadzakhala mavuto ndi begonias, koma kuphwanya ufulu woyenera ulimi wothirira kapena maluwa okonzekera maluwa kungayambitse matenda ndi tizirombo. Ganizirani mavuto akulu omwe angatheke komanso momwe mungawachotsere.
Matenda
M'chilengedwe cha begonia chimapezeka pamalo ovuta kwambiri, choncho kuyika mulu wa makoswe pazenera sill kungayambitse kuvunda kwa dothi kapena kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mungathe kuzindikira kuti pali vuto lalikulu pakuoneka ngati chida choyera pamtunda wa mbeu, ndipo kuti muyambe kuimitsa maluwa, nkofunika kuchepetsa kuthirira kwa kanthawi.
Ndikofunikira! Ndi mabakiteriya ambiri, kupulumutsa begonia sikungatheke, ndipo njira yokhayo ndiyo kutaya maluwa.
Ngati matendawa ali ndi zilonda zambiri, amafunika kuchiritsidwa ndi imodzi mwa mapangidwe otchuka a fungicidal: mwachitsanzo, 0,1% yankho la Readzol lidzakuthandizani polimbana ndi powdery mildew; oxychloride. 
Tizilombo
Zina mwa tizilombo toyambitsa tizilombo, tomwe timagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi tiger begonia zimasiyanitsidwa ndi scythos, mealybugs, nthata zamatsenga, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi nyemba zomwe zimadyetsa zomera. Mavuto abwino pa chitukuko chawo ndi kubereka kwawo adzaumitsa mpweya wamkati, kusokonezeka kwa ulimi wothirira, komanso kusowa kwa malo osungirako zinthu pokhapokha mutagula zomera zatsopano.
Mudzakhala ndi chidwi chodziwa za tizirombo ndi matenda a begonia.
Mapulogalamu ena odziwika bwino (mwachitsanzo, njira yothetsera sopo) ikhoza kukhala yothandiza pa tizilombo towononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma nthawi zambiri munthu amagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala okonzeka kwambiri omwe akupanga: monga Actellic, Aktara kapena Decis. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito ndi mlingo woyenera wa zomwe zikupezeka nthawi zonse zimasonyezedwa pa phukusi.
Zizindikiro ndi zamatsenga za maluwa
Zikhulupiriro ndi zikhulupiliro zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi begonia (osati kwenikweni tiger), omwe si onse amalima amamvetsera. 
Wotchuka kwambiri ndi awa:
- Begonia ndi chomera chodziwika bwino kwa iwo amene akufuna kuthetsa zakale ndikuyamba moyo watsopano. Chomeracho chidzakuthandizani kuchotsa chikhumbo chobwerera mmbuyo ndikuchotsa mafano osafunikira kuchokera mu kukumbukira.
- Maluwa othandiza adzakhala odwala, makamaka ngati ali pafupi ndi kama.
- Begonia idzawathandiza anthu osungulumwa kuti akwaniritse zokondana zawo, ndipo maanja a kuthengo adzakuthandizira kwambiri pa mikangano, chifukwa imathandiza kuonjezera kumvetsetsa.
Phunzirani zambiri za kusiyana kwa begonias.
Khulupirirani zonse kapena ayi - chisankho cha aliyense payekha, koma mwinamwake tigogo begonia adzakhala yankho labwino lokonzekera mkati mwa chipindacho, makamaka ngati mumagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikiza nyumba ndi kusamalira iwo sikukuvutitsani.
