Mafuta a basamu obiriwira Tom Samb: maonekedwe, kufotokoza ndi chithunzi, kubzala, kusamalira ndi kubereka

Anthu ambiri amadziwa balsam monga Vanka yosavuta. Koma duwa ili ndi mitundu yosiyana, yomwe ndi yotchuka chifukwa cha maonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Kodi kusiyana kotani kwa Vanka omwe amadziwika bwino kuchokera ku balsamu yowonongeka kwambiri ya "Tom Samb"?

Kodi iye anavulala bwanji? Kodi amawoneka bwanji? Kodi mungamange bwanji maluwa ndi momwe mungasamalirire? Mafunso onsewa mungapeze yankho m'nkhaniyi.

Kuwonjezera apo, apa mukhoza kuona zithunzi za basamu "Tom Samb", zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuyamikira kukongola kwa chomera chodabwitsa ichi.

Makhalidwe abwino ndi mbiriyakale

Zimapangitsa kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pinki "Tom Samba" (Impatiens Balsamina) ikhale ya banja la Balsamine. Chomera ndi chaka chake herbaceous. Amamera kuyambira June mpaka woyamba chisanu. Zipatso bokosi ndi bulauni zofiirira zinamera mbewu. Maonekedwe a chomera ndi pyramidal.

Pansi pa chilengedwe, balsamu imakula ku India, Malaysia ndi China, ndipo dziko lawo lakale ndi Zanzibar Island ku Africa. Iwo ankawomboledwa m'zaka za m'ma 1800 ku America. Pa nthawi yomweyo, idaperekedwa ku sitima ya Chipwitikizi ku Ulaya. Anayamba kubwera ku Russia m'zaka za zana la 19, ndipo nthawi yomweyo anayamba kutchuka kwambiri, kukongoletsa zenera pa nyumba zambiri panthawiyo.

Kufotokozera maonekedwe ndi zinthu

"Tom Samb" mosiyana ndi mnzake ndi basamu yaifupi, ndipo akhoza kukula mpaka masentimita 40 mu msinkhu.

Monga dzina limatanthawuzira, liri ndi maluwa awiri a pinki woboola kamera (mungapeze tsatanetsatane wa mitundu ina ya basamu apa). Mitengo yotsegula kwambiri yotseguka, chifukwa cha basamu ndi maonekedwe abwino. Maluwawo ndi aakulu, kufika pamtali masentimita 7. Masambawo ndi obiriwira, obiriwira, masamba omwewo ndi ofanana ndi mtima. Zimayambira ndi madzi, choncho zimakhala zofooka.

Chithunzi

Pano mungathe kuona zithunzi za basamu Tom Samb:

Kodi ndikuti ndingabzala bwanji?

1. Mbewu imabzalidwa mu zitsamba za mbande kumayambiriro kwa masika.
2. Amaikidwa pamwamba pa nthaka, pamtunda wa masentimita 20-30 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. Pofuna kupewa kutuluka mwamsanga kwa chinyontho ndi kuteteza mbande kuchokera kutenthedwa, muyenera kuzungulira nthaka ndi peat.
3. Nthaka imayambitsidwa ndi sprayer. Mukhozanso kutsegula dziko lapansi ndi filimu kapena galasi (koma mumayenera kutentha kamodzi pa sabata). Ndi kofunikanso kupereka maola 10 masana patsiku.
4. Iyenera kukhala ndi kutentha kwa madigiri pafupifupi 20, ndipo mphukira zoyamba zidzakula mu sabata limodzi ndi theka. Pambuyo pa maonekedwe awo, nthawi yoyendera iyenera kuwonjezeka.
5. Momwe zimamera kufika masentimita imodzi, zimangothamanga mumtsuko pansi pa maluwa amodzi.

Kupititsa patsogolo kumakhala koyenera, mwinamwake mukhoza kuwononga mphukira yamtundu.

Kawirikawiri zimayamba kukula bwino, koma ngati izi sizikuchitika, muyenera kutsitsa nsonga.

6. Nthaŵi yomweyo nthaka mumunda imayaka, ndiye zomera zachinyamata zimabzalidwa pamodzi ndi clod ya dziko lapansi.

Pakubwera kwa masamba, kutentha kwakukulu kwa basamu ndi ma digiri 15-17.

Kuunikira ndi malo

Mafuta a basamu a piramu samasangalatsa kwambiri panyumba: m'nyumbayi idzakula msinkhu wokha, kuyesera kufika ku gwero la kuwala.

M'munda, mafuta a basamu amatha kuphulika bwino m'malo okwera kapena amdima. Ngati madzulo, pamtunda wa ntchito za dzuwa, mthunzi umagwera pa basamu, zidzamupulumutsa ku zotentha. Mutha kuika duwa pafupi ndi mitengo ndi korona wamba.

Ngakhale kuti "Tom Samb" ndi waufupi, mphepo ndi zojambula zimatha kuswa mapesi ake. Choncho, posankha malo, muyenera kukonda malo omwe akutetezedwa ku mphepo.

Zosowa za nthaka

Dothi la mbande liyenera kukhala lotayirira, ndi kupuma bwino. Ma acid ochepa kapena osaloŵerera m'thupi amakhala abwino kwambiri. Dothi loyenera la zinthu zotsatirazi: Mtengo wa nthaka, tsamba la nthaka, humus, peat ndi mchenga wofanana.

Kusakaniza ndi kosawilitsidwa ndi madzi otentha kapena yankho la potassium permanganate. Izi zidzamuteteza ku kuwonongeka kwa fungal.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji?

Balsamu ya piritsi imakonda kuthirira madzi ambiri: Chifukwa chosowa chinyezi, zimatha kutaya mtundu ndi kuwonongeka kwathunthu. Ndibwino kuti mukamwetse maluwa dzuwa litalowa, chifukwa tsiku lomwe madzi amachokera ku masamba akhoza kuwotcha.

Musalole kuti madzi alowe mu masamba.

Mukhozanso kudyetsa chomera ndi zowonjezereka pamasabata awiri. ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Kuwaza ndi nayitrogeni kudzawonjezera mtundu wobiriwira wa masamba, koma kudzateteza maluwawo.

M'chilimwe, kuti mukhale ndi maluwa ochulukirapo, mutha kuzungulira nsonga za achinyamata zimayambira.

Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo

• Matenda omwe amapezeka pa pinki ya balsamu ndi imvi yovunda. Zimapezeka pamene pali zowonjezera zowonongeka m'nthaka ndipo zimayambitsa zowola. Kuwonetsera kunja kunayanika kuyanika ndi kugwa masamba. Pochiza, chotsani zowonongeka za zomera, ndiyeno mugwiritse ntchito mankhwala a Bordeaux.
• Mwa tizilombo, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi oopsa (amawoneka ngati ma chikasu pamasamba ndi mabubu mu internodes). Katemera wa tizilombo tingakhale owuma kwambiri. Kulimbana ndi nkhupakupa ziyenera kukhala mankhwala a acaricidal.
• Masamba ofiira ndi uve wodetsedwa pa iwo akhoza kukhala zizindikiro za zilonda za whitefly.
• Ngati masamba aang'onowo ali opunduka, thrips ndizo chifukwa. Iwo sali ovuta kuchoka. Zimatenga pafupifupi mankhwala atatu ophera tizilombo.

Kuswana

Pali njira ziwiri zoberetsera basamu ya pinki: Kuphatikizidwa ndi mbewu.

Kudula ndi koyenera kwa omwe ali kale ndi chomera chokhwima. Komanso, njirayi ndi yofulumira, ndipo maluwa akamagwiritsa ntchito imabwera mwamsanga.

1. Pakati pa kukula kwa masamba, dulani pamwamba pa mphukira ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 8.
2. Kenako mizu ikhale m'madzi kapena pansi.
3. Pasanathe sabata, mizu yoyamba idzaonekera mu cuttings. Pambuyo pake akhoza kubzalidwa.

Pofalitsa ndi mbewu, zidzatheka kuwona maluwa mu zomera zomwe anabzala zokha mu 3-4 miyezi.

Mbewu ikhoza kukololedwa yokha, koma muyenera kusamala: ngati bokosi la zipatso liri lakuthwa, ndiye likuphulika mukakhudzidwa. Choncho ndi bwino kudula mabokosi osapsa. Ndiye mbewu zouma ndi kusungidwa, zitakulungidwa mu pepala. Kwa zaka 6-8 iwo ali woyenera kubwerera.

Kusamalira balsamic pinki "Tom Samb" si ntchito yovuta. Ndipo mu kuyamikira, chomera chodzichepetsa chidzakongoletsa kwambiri munda, kukondweretsa mwiniwake ndi lalikulu pinki maluwa nthawi yachilimwe.