Munda ndi chomera chamkati - begonia wamaliseche: zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza maluwa

Naked begonia ndi wodzichepetsa kwambiri woimira mtundu wake. Chomeracho chikuwoneka bwino kwambiri m'munda wamaluwa, m'minda ya greenhouses ndi minda yozizira, mu ofesi ndi malo okhala. Khalani herbaceous chomera monga ampelnoy chomera.

Maluwawa amawoneka bwanji, ndiwotani momwe amachitira, komanso momwe angabzalitsire chomera ichi ndi momwe angasamalire mutabzala ndikukula bwino, mudzaphunzira kuchokera m'nkhaniyi. Pano palifotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane za njira zoberekera za chikhalidwe cha herbaceous ndi matenda ake omwe.

Chiyambi ndi Kufotokozera kwa Botanical

Wachilendo wamaliseche begonias - otentha a Central ndi South America. Amamera pa mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo yomwe ili pamitengo. Yemwe akuyimira zomerazi mosavuta amatha kusintha nyengo, amasiyanitsidwa ndi kudzichepetsa.

Kutalika kwa mphukira kumafikira 50 masentimita. Masamba ali owala, opanda kanthu, oboola. Pojambula pamwamba, adagwedeza pamphepete. Masamba amakula kumbali zonse za tsinde pa ndege yomweyo.

Maonekedwe ndi zinthu

Naked begonia amadziwika ndi zokwawa zopanda kanthu.yomwe inakhazikika mu mawanga. Masambawo ndi obiriwira, amakula pa petioles (2 cm). Kutalika kwa pepalali ndi 9 cm, m'lifupi - 7 masentimita. Zomera za zomera:

• Maluwa ang'onoang'ono oyera.
• Maluwa amphongo ali ndi pakhosi 4, maluwa aakazi - 5.
• Inflorescence akudumphadumpha, ambiri-amayenda, racemose.
• Reddish petioles.
• Pezani peduncle 8-10 cm kutalika.

Thandizo! Maluwa amwamuna mu begonias amaliseche kwambiri kuposa akazi.

Amakhalira wamaliseche begonia kuyambira January mpaka April.

Kodi ndikuti ndingabzala bwanji?

Kuunikira ndi malo

Mukamalima kuthengo, musankhe malo owala, otetezedwa ku malo oyendera dzuwa.

Begonias ikutsutsana ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa - masamba awo oyipa akuwotchedwa.

Pamene mukukula begonias wamaliseche ngati nyumba panyumba, mawindo a mawindo ochokera ku mitsinje ya UV.

Maluwa okongola amamva bwino kumadzulo ndi kumadzulo kwawindo, kumene dzuwa silili lowala ngati mawindo akumwera, koma kuwala kuposa kumpoto.

Zosowa za nthaka

Begonias amafunika nthaka yowala, yachonde. Zokonzedweratu zopangidwa ndi zokonzeka zilipo zogulitsa monga perlite ndi peat. Mukhoza kupanga nthaka yanu kusanganikirana. Kuti muchite izi, sakanizani:

• mchenga 1.5 gawo;
• turf 1 gawo;
• tsamba lamasamba 2 mbali;
• peat 0,5 mbali.

Mlingo wa nthaka acidity siposa 6pH.

Malamulo obwera

Mbande za begonia zimayikidwa pamunda zowonongeka osati kumayambiriro kwa June.. Musanabzala poyera (kwa masiku 6-7), kubzala kumachotsedwa. Imaikidwa m'chipinda chowala, kuyang'ana ulamuliro wa kutentha: masana + 23-27 madigiri, usiku mpaka + madigiri 15.

Kukonzekera Kwambiri:

1. Pangani mabowo pa chomera chilichonse pafupipafupi 20-35 masentimita (kuchokera kukula kwa mmera).
2. Onetsetsani mosamala tchire kumabowo othamanga.
3. Fukani pansi pa tsinde ndi dziko lapansi.
4. Mthunzi wapamwamba wa phulusa.

Ngati begonia ikubzala kunyumba miphika, iyenera kukhala ndi mabowo. Musanagwiritse ntchito thankiyo, yasambitsidwa ndi potaziyamu permanganate, kuchapidwa ndi zouma. Kenako, chitani zotsatirazi:

1. Mzere wosanjikizidwa uli pansi pa mphika: njerwa yosweka, dothi lopangidwa kapena miyala. Mtsuko ayenera kutenga gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu kapena kotala ya mphika.
2. Mtsinje wamatsanulira wotsika.
3. Ikani sapling ndi kudzaza malo omasuka ndi dziko lapansi.

Kwa begonia ntchito yaikulu, koma miphika yopanda madzi.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji?

Chikhalidwe cha zitsamba chokula kunyumba chimakonda kusagwirizana. Osamanganso zitsulo ndi maluwa. Ndi bwino kuti mwamsanga mudziwe malo abwino. Kuti chitsamba chinakhazikitsidwa molondola, nthawi zonse chimatembenuzidwa.

Kutentha ndi chinyezi

Begonias amamva bwino pa kutentha kuchokera madigiri mpaka madigiri 20. Chilimwe ndi kupirira kutentha kwakukulu. M'nyengo yozizira, thermometer iyenera kukhala osachepera + digridi 15.

Begonias ayenera kusunga chinyezi nthawi zonse.. Amathirira mpweya wokhawokha maluwa, koma osati masamba. Mukhoza kukhazikitsa sitayi ndi mphika pa thiresi ndi mchere wothira kapena dothi lowonjezera.

M'nyengo yozizira, mabatire otentha amaphimbidwa ndi thaulo lamadzi. Izi zimapangitsa kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kwa mpweya.

Kodi mungamwetse bwanji?

Zipinda zamkati zimakonda kuthirira madzi. Muyenera kuyang'ana pa nthaka ya nthaka. Ngati imachepetsa masentimita 15, ndiye begonia imafuna chinyezi.

Kusamba madzi:

1. Moisten kasachepera kawiri pa sabata mu gawo la kukula kwachangu ndi maluwa.
2. M'dzinja, kupakatirana pakati pa kuthirira madzi.
3. M'nyengo yozizira, chinyezi chachepetsedwa.

Madzi a begonias ayenera kukhala kutentha, kutentha ndi kofewa.

Madzi kuchokera pampopu sangagwiritsidwe ntchito mwamsanga. Ndikofunika kufufuza kapena kuwiritsa, kuteteza kwa osachepera tsiku.

Ndibwino, mutatha kuthirira, kumasula dothi lokhala ndi masentimita 1 pamene nthaka iuma.

Feteleza

Nthawi zambiri begonia nthawi ya kukula imadyetsedwa kawiri pa mwezi ndi sodium humatendi zokhudzana ndi nayitrogeni. Pamene akukula, feteleza zamchere zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi pamwezi. Kuyambira nthawi ya maluwa, chikhalidwecho chimakhala ndi mavitamini a potaziyamu-phosphorous. Izi zidzakhudza kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha masamba ndi kupitiriza maluwa.

Tsegulani kusamalira munda

1. Mankhwala a begonia kumunda amathirira nthawi zonse komanso mochulukira, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira.
2. Pangani zakudya zowonjezera, kuphatikiza mchere ndi feteleza.
3. Amamenyana ndi namsongole, amasula nthaka.
4. Ndi kuyamba kwa chisanu, chimbudzi chimakumba, kuika mu mphika ndikukhala mu chipinda.

Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo

Chifukwa cha ulimi wambiri wothirira ndi mpweya wozizira, kusowa kwa chinyezi mu begonia kumayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana:

• Grey kuvunda. Pa masamba, nsonga za mphukira zimawoneka mawanga oyera ndi imvi pachimake. Kuchiza: mankhwala ndi 1% njira ya Bordeaux osakaniza.
• Mame a Mealy. Mapepala a mapepala amadzala ndi maluwa oyera. Kuchiza: kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
• Bakiteriya kuona. Pamunsi mwa chinsalu, mawanga amadziwika. Matendawa sachiritsidwa. Zomwe zakhudzidwazo zawonongedwa.

Pa begonias akhoza kumenyana ndi aphid, chinyengo-chishango kapena kangaude. Kulimbana ndi tizirombo timagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala: Karbofos, Atellik, Derris, Decis.

Zinthu zoberekera

Ndi zosavuta kufalitsa begonia begonia ndi stem cuttings m'nthaka kapena m'madzi, komanso masamba. Kudula ndi njira yodalirika yowonjezera maluwa atsopano.

Zotsatira zochitika:

1. Dulani chingwe cholimba, chokhala ndi thanzi labwino kuyambira 8 mpaka 12 cm.
2. Phesi imagawidwa m'magulu, ngati mukufuna kupeza zomera zingapo. Chigawo chilichonse chiyenera kukhala ndi masamba 2-3.
3. Kuchokera mphukira, masamba, masamba ndi maluwa achotsedwa. Pamwamba pamwamba pa masamba 1 kapena 2.
4. Kuyala zakuthupi kumayikidwa m'madzi kuti apeze mizu.

Cuttings amaika pamalo otetezedwa ku dzuwa ndi dzuwa la kutentha kwa madigiri 20-22. Pambuyo pooneka mizu 1-2 masentimita m'litali, mphukira abzalidwa mwapadera konzekera gawo.

Ma begonias atsopano amakula kuchokera ku tsamba limodzi.

1. Pa maluwa a amayi amapeza tsamba lalikulu kwambiri. Amadulidwa ndi tsamba kapena mpeni.
2. Pamwamba pazenera la pepala lagawidwa m'magulu. Pa aliyense ayenera kukhala osachepera limodzi.
3. Mchenga wa Mtsinje umathiridwa mu bokosi kapena mphika ndi kuthirira.
4. Zagawo za mapepala omwe ali pamwamba pa mchenga.
5. Mphamvu ndi kubzala zinthu zophimbidwa ndi polyethylene ndikuyika pamalo owala.
6. Kuti nthaka isaduke, nthawi zambiri imayambitsidwa ndi botolo la kutsitsi.
7. Mitengo yaing'ono imabzalidwa miphika pambuyo pa miyezi itatu.

Zovuta za begonias zakula kuchokera ku mbewu.

Zomera zimabzalidwa chimodzimodzi. mu mapiritsi a peat.

Malamulo:

1. Kufika kumapeto kwa February mu nthaka yokonzedwa.
2. Mbewu sichiphimbidwa ndi dziko lapansi.
3. Kuchokera kumwamba, perekani wowonjezera kutentha: kuphimba ndi filimu kapena galasi ndikuyika pazenera zenera.
4. Land ndi mbande nthawi zonse sprayed.
5. Mbewu ikamera, chophimbacho chimachotsedwa chifukwa cha kuuma kwa mbande. Patapita nthawi, wowonjezera kutentha amachotsedwa.
6. Pambuyo pa maonekedwe a 2-3 achinyamata masamba, mbande ndi kuziika mu lalikulu chidebe.
7. Pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri, begonias alowe mumiphika kapena miphika.
8. M'chaka pamene kuika chitsamba chachikulu kungagawidwe mu magawo awiri ndikubzala miphika.

Kuti abambo begonia amakula ndikukula bwino, muyenera kutsatira malamulo osavuta, kuti mukhale ndi malo abwino oti musunge: Musalowe pansi pa dzuŵa ndi malo amdima, tengani njira zothetsera matenda ndi tizirombo.