Makhalidwe oyambirira a chisamaliro cha begonia onse panyumba ndi kubzala kwake, kufotokoza ndi chithunzi cha chomera

Maluwa onse a begonia amayamba kukondedwa ndi onse omwe amawabzala kamodzi kokha kuti akhale okongola, ophatikizana, osamalidwa bwino, ndipo, ndithudi, maluwa opitirira, okondweretsedwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Osasamala mu chisamaliro ndi kubereka, akuyamba maluwa begonia, osagonjetsedwa ndi zina zovuta. Maluwa oterewa pawindo adzakondwera ngakhale pa tsiku lapamwamba kwambiri.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza malamulo othandiza kuti asamalire kunyumba komanso kubzala kwake, kufotokozera ndi chithunzi cha chomeracho.

Kodi chomera chimakonda chiyani?

• Kutentha ndi kuyatsa.

  Kutentha kwa mphepo m'chilimwe ndi m'nyengo yozizira ziyenera kukhala madigiri 20-25. M'nyengo yotentha saloledwa kudyetsa masamba ndi zimayambira, ndipo nyengo yozizira imayenera kutetezedwa ku overcooling. Kuti pachimake chikhale chaka chonse, chomeracho chimafuna tsiku lowala la maola oposa 16. Komabe, pakati pa tsiku lotentha muyenera pritenyat begonia kupeŵa zotsatira zosasangalatsa.

• Chinyezi.

  Kufunika kwa begonia nthawi zonse maluwa, chinyezi chokwanira chifukwa cha chiyambi chake cha kutentha. Komabe, kugwidwa ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sikungatheke, kungathe kuvulaza mbewu - izi zikhoza kumveketsedwa ndi mabala a bulawuni omwe adzaphimbidwa pazochitikazo. Njira yothetsera vutoli ndiyo kupanga chitsimikizo cha chinyezi.

  Ngati mulibe chimbudzi cha magetsi m'nyumba yomwe ikhoza kuyikidwa pafupi ndi chomera, ndiye kuti mukhoza kupanga kamangidwe kamene kamakhutiritsa maluwa a chinyezi. Pa poto yopanda kanthu, uyenera kuika mphika kukula kwa kakang'ono. Thirani miyala yamtengo wapatali kapena kuwonjezera dongo pa lotseguka malo a pallo. Pamphika muyenera kuika mphika ndi begonia.

  Nthawi zonse kumeta madzi osanjikiza, madzi omwe amachokera pafupi ndi chomera, amatha kukwaniritsa kufunika kwa chinyezi. Ngati simungapereke izi, ndiye kuti zokongoletsera za maluwa zidzatsika - nsonga za masamba zidzauma ndi kupota.
• Malo.

  Begonia ndi imodzi mwa maluwa omwe amasintha mobwerezabwereza mphika ndi zovuta komanso zingakhale zovulaza. Choncho, muyenera kukhala ndi njira yodziwika bwino pa malo osankhidwa ndikuganizira kuti begonia amakonda malo ambiri, ndipo amafunikira malo.

Chithunzi

Pano mungathe kuona zithunzi za begonias maluwa.

Kubzala ndi kuziika

1. Musanadzalemo ndikofunikira kusankha chodeza choyenera. Ndibwino kuti tiganizire kuti mizu ya zomera imakula pamtunda, choncho ndi bwino kutenga mphamvu yozama, koma lonse. Iyenera kukhala ndi dzenje lakuda.
2. Ikani dothi losakanikirana la dothi lokhalapo kapena miyala yochepetsedwa pansi pa thanki.
3. Thirani nthaka, yikani mizu, ikani nthaka yotsalayo kwa mlingo woyenera.
4. Mukhoza kubzala zomera zingapo mu chidebe chimodzi, chikhalidwe chokha ndicho mtunda wa 10 × 10 cm kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
5. Madzi nthawi zonse kuti nthaka yonse yothira.

Kuwombera ndi mbali yowonjezera yosamalira zomera, chifukwa mizu ya begonias ikukula. Kumvetsetsani pamene pakufalikira kumafunika, pamene mizu ya maluwa idzawoneka kuchokera ku dzenje lakuya. Kusankha chidebe chatsopano, muyenera kukumbukira mizu yomwe imakula makamaka.

Kubzala mmera kumalimbikitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, pomwe palibe kukula kokhwima.

Kupalasa malangizo:

1. Chotsani chomera mosamala kuchoka ku chidebe chakale.
2. Sambani mizu ya madontho a dziko lapansi.
3. Konzani njira yofooka ya potaziyamu permanganate, ndi kuchepetsa mizu ya zomera kumeneko kwa mphindi 30.
4. Dulani mizu yovunda, yambani kutsuka ndi madzi okhazikika.
5. Mizu youma kubzala molingana ndi ndondomeko yobzala yomwe inanenedwa pamwambapa.
6. Masiku ochepa mutatha kusindikiza amafunika kuthirira mobwerezabwereza.

Mitengo yokhwima yomwe ikuyamba kutaya mphamvu zawo zokongoletsera, kuwonetsa zigawo zochepa za zimayambira, palibe chifukwa chobwezeretsanso, kuziika sizingabweretse maluwa onse okongoletsera.

Kukula pakhomo

• Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa.

  Kuthirira mbewu kumapanga zofunikira. Ngati dothi lakuda ndi 1.5 masentimita, ndiye kuti duwa likufunika kuthirira. Madzi a izi ayenera kukhala kutentha ndi kutengako. Chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuti kukula kwa abambo a begonia ayambe kukulirakulira nthawi zonse. Cholinga chachikulu cha kuthiriririra ndi kuteteza nthaka ndi mizu ya mbewu kuti zisawume, koma komanso kupewa kupezeka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka.

  Feteleza ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri yosamalira begonia onse a begonia. Pa nthawi yopanga mazira ambiri, m'pofunikira kudyetsa chomera ndi phosphate-potaziyamu feteleza, ndipo apange kupanga wapadera feteleza kwa begonias madzi feteleza kwa maluwa.

• Kudulira.

  Ngakhale kuti mtundu uwu, monga lamulo, sukula pamwamba pa masentimita 40, kudulira nthawi zina kumafunika kuti maluwawo ayang'ane bwino. Ngati chomera chikuyamba kukula ndi chosagwirizana, zimayambira pamtunda, ndipo zowonjezereka zimadulidwa. Choncho begonias ndi ozungulira.

• Zima zachisanu.

  Kuti maluwa apitirize m'nyengo yozizira, kuunika komweko ndi kutentha kumayenera kuwonedwa monga nthawi yonse. Ngati izi zikulephera, ndiye kuti mupatseni nthawi yopumula. Sinthani chombocho ndi begonia m'malo ozizira, koma osachepera 12 digiri Celsius - uwu ndi malo otsika, kutentha sikungakhoze kukhalapo pa chomera chozizira; kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha madzi; kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa feteleza.

Kuti mudziwe momwe mungasamalire mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomera zonse za begonia - terry, komanso malamulo oti muzikula pakhomo ndi mumsewu, werengani m'nkhaniyi.

Kusamala mutagula

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti chomera chomwe chinagulidwa chiyenera kuyamba kutsatizana ndi zikhalidwe zatsopano ndipo pokhapokha n'zotheka kuika. Ndiponso Ngati chomeracho chimasula, ndiye kuti sichimaikidwa, ndikofunika kuyembekezera kuti chiwonongeke.

Mukamayambitsa, muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi mizu, kuwonongeka pang'ono komwe kungayambitse kuwonongeka. Muyeneranso kusankha bwino nthaka yabwino, mukhoza kugula ndi kukonzekera nokha. Ziyenera kukhala:

• Dziko lapansi;
• 1 2 peat kapena humus.

Popeza nthaka yosakaniza imakhala yowuma, mchenga uyenera kuikidwa pansi pa thanki. Pambuyo pake, chomeracho chimafuna chisamaliro choyenera komanso chapamwamba.

Zingatheke tizirombo ndi matenda

1. Ngati chomera chikukula, chimataya masamba, kukula kwake kumachepetsanso kapena kuima ponseponse, zikutanthawuza kuti aphid ndi / kapena kangaude, zomwe zimadyetsa madzi a begonia, ayambapo.

   Pochotseratu nsabwe za m'masamba, mutha kukonza mbeu ya Aktellik katatu pa masiku khumi. Derris kapena pafupi china chilichonse cha insectoacaricide chidzakhala choyenera kuwonongedwa kwa akangaude.

2. Ngati zikuoneka ngati nematodes, begonia akupulumutsa pafupifupi zosatheka, kotero muyenera kuponyera chomeracho.
3. Kuyambira nthawi zonse pakhomo la begonia limakhala ndi poddery mildew, lakuda ndi imvi zowola. Kulimbana ndi zozizwitsazi kungakhale fayicide Quadris kapena Bordeaux madzi.
4. Maonekedwe a chikasu pa masambawo amasonyeza kukhalapo kwa matenda monga phwetekere spotting ndi nkhaka. Kuchiza pazochitika zotere sikutheka.

Kuwoneka kowawa kwa duwa sikuti nthawi zonse kumayambitsidwa ndi chikoka cha mabakiteriya kapena tizirombo.. Izi zingachititse kusamalidwa bwino. Ngati begonia imayamba kuuma mwadzidzidzi, koma palibe zizindikilo zina za matendawa, ndiye kuti, chifukwa chosowa chinyezi, muyenera kuwonjezera madzi okwanira.

Komabe, nkofunika kuti musapitirize kuthirira madzi - ngati kuthirira ndi kochulukira kwambiri, begonia imayamba kuvunda.

Nchifukwa chiyani sizamasamba?

• Zaka.

  Olima amaluso amanena kuti begonia imayamba kuphuka pamene tsinde lalikulu lili ndi mphete zisanu. Ngati chomera chogulitsidwa ndi chaching'ono, koma chimamasula, ndiye kuti, makamaka chimakhala chofunika kwambiri, chomwe chimakhala kuti maluwawo amachititsa chidwi komanso kubwereza pokhapokha ngati chomeracho chikufikira zofunikira za m'badwo uno.

• Kuunikira.

  Ngati duwa nthawi zonse mumthunzi, ndiye chifukwa china chosakhala ndi maluwa mu begonias. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera tsiku lowala, koma kupewa kuwala kwa dzuwa.

• Chinyezi.

  Mphepo yowuma pafupi ndi begonias yowonongeka imayenera kukonzedwa. Mukhoza kupangira thaulo lamadzi pa radiator (chitoliro) kapena kuyika mtsuko wa madzi pafupi ndi maluwa.

• Mavuto otentha.

  Kutentha kwakukulu m'nyengo ya chilimwe ndi madigiri 20-25, m'nyengo yozizira ya 15. Kuwotcha kutentha kwamasinthasintha, zojambulazo zimayambitsa chomeracho muchisokonezo chomwe maluwa sangathe. Chipinda cha chomera chiyenera kusankhidwa ndi nthawi zonse.

• Kupanda kapena fetereza feteleza.

  Ngati mavitamini sali okwanira, ndiye kuti mukufunika kuziika mu nthaka yatsopano.

  Kuwaza, muyenera kutsatira chiyesocho, mwinamwake mungathe kuwotcha mizu kapena kutumizira mphamvu ya mbewu kuti ikhale masamba obiriwira.
• Tizilombo.

  Nyongolotsi zimachotsa zomera zonse kuti ziphuphuke. Nthawi ndi nthawi amayenera kufufuza zomera kuti akhalepo, ndipo ngati kuli koyenera, muziwachitira ndi njira yapadera.

Imeneyi inali ntchito yosavuta kusamalira duwa lomwe lonselo limasangalala ndi diso ndi maluwa ake. Zonse zomwe mukusowa ndikuti musamalire pang'ono ndikutsatira malamulo.