Njira yokhala ndi mulching imathandizira kukolola zipatso ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo kumawonjezera zokolola za masamba. Kukhazikitsidwa kwake kumafuna luso linalake ndi khama, koma limapangitsa kuti zinthu zikhale bwino.
Musanafotokoze za njirayi, muyenera kupereka tanthauzo la lingaliro limeneli.
Kodi mulching ndi chiyani?
Kukulumikiza ndi atagona pa mabedi ndi mbewu za masamba, kwa ife ndi tomato, zipangizo zosiyana.
Iwo akhoza kukhala organic kapena opangira, koma ali ndi ntchito imodzi yokha: malamulo a chinyezi ndi mpweya wa nthaka.
Kulankhula mu chinenero chofikira kwambiri, mulch amateteza nthaka kuti isawume. Kukhalapo kwake pa nthaka sikumapanga kuthamanga kwandiweyani, kusokoneza kusintha kwa mpweya. Koma iye ali ndi ena makhalidwe abwino:
- mulch, anaika pa mabedi, salola kuwala kwa dzuwa kudutsa. Choncho, namsongole samera pa iwo, kuwononga mbewu za m'munda;
- pansi pa zosanjikiza Nthaka imakhala yowonongeka ndi yotopetsa yaitaliChoncho, kuthirira ndi kumasula kumafunika ndi zomera mochuluka. Izi zikutanthawuza mtengo wogwira ntchito;
- Zida zam'mlengalenga zimakhudza pamwamba pa mtunda ndizomwe zimayambira pansi, zomwe zimayamba kuyendayenda, ndikusandutsa chakudya chokonda kwambiri cha mbozi, ndikuchikonza kukhala humus. Choncho, tomato amapeza zambiri feteleza zofunika. Kawirikawiri, muzochitika izi, mukhoza kuchita popanda kuvala nthawi zonse kapena kuchepetsa chiwerengero chawo;
- imalepheretsa madzi kutuluka pamtunda. Tomato amamwetsa bwino kwambiri. Koma mu wowonjezera kutentha, madzi akutuluka mumalo ozungulira. Zimapangitsa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, chomwe chimayambitsa tomato. Zimatsogolera ku maonekedwe a phytophtoras ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a fungal. Mulch amagawana mphukira ndi dothi lonyowa, kupanga chipatso kukhala wathanzi nthawi yonse yokula;
- Njira yowonjezera yokweza mbande. Jet ya madzi panthawiyi sichikuchotsa nthaka.
Mitundu ya mulch
Kuphimba nthaka gwiritsani ntchito zipangizo zosiyana. Iwo agawanika mafakitale ndi zachirengedwe.
Kwa mafakitale mafilimu ndi nsalu zosiyana ndi zosavala zinaphatikizidwa. Ena a iwo amatha kudutsa madzi ndi mpweya, pamene ena sali. Komanso, iwo akhoza kukhala ndi zithunzi zosiyana.
Zovala zogwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kwambiri zogwiritsira ntchito solanaceous zimaganiziridwa Zida za Agrotex ndi ofanana ndi iwo, koma kwa wamaluwa ambiri, kugula kwa iwo kumawononga mopanda malire.
Choncho, iwo amalowetsedwa ndi denga lapafupi, makatoni, wakuda polyethylene kapena ngakhale nyuzipepala zakale.
Kuphika kwa mandimu kwa tomato kumapindulitsa kwambiri.. Kuphwanyidwa, amasanduka humus, kupereka zomera ndi zakudya zina. Chifukwa cha ichi, nthaka imadzaza ndi ma microelements osiyanasiyana, ndipo zimadalira zinthu.
Organic mulch akhoza kutumikira:
- udzu ndi udzu;
- kompositi;
- humus;
- peat;
- Matabwa a nkhalango ndi nthaka yosanjikiza. (Ikuonedwa kuti ndi yabwino kwambiri ya mulungu yomwe imatha kusintha kwambiri nthaka);
- mitengo yamatabwa ndi utuchi;
- makungwa a mitengo;
- namsongole wamsongo wopanda mbewu;
- singano ndi masamba ogwa.
Chenjerani! Namsongole ndi udzu wouma osakonzedwa kuti aziyikidwa pansi pa tomato watsopano. Zili bwino zouma padzuwa kuti zichotse tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe zimadyetsa madzi awo. Apo ayi, tizirombo timapita ku tomato, chifukwa iwo sangakhale ndi chakudya china pokhapokha malo ochepa otentha.
Nthaŵi zina mulching ikuchitika mothandizidwa ndi miyala ya miyala, miyala yaing'onoting'ono ndi dothi lokulitsa. Koma iwo amapindula pang'ono, kupatula kuchotsa iwo kuchokera pamapiri ndi vuto.
Tsopano tsatanetsatane wokhudza njira yothandizira pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zapamwambazi.
Udzu
Chosangalatsa kwambiri cha tomato wowonjezera kutentha. Kufikira kwake kwa masentimita 10, kukhazikika pansi, kudzachepa ndi pafupifupi maulendo atatu, koma imateteza mphukira ku anthracnose, kuvunda ndi masamba omwe amaoneka.
Mphungu imapereka mpweya kwa mizu ya mbande amachititsa ngati kutentha kotentha. Koma mu malo otere ndi osavuta tizirombo ta tizilombo kapena makoswe.
Grass
Udzu wamsongole, udzu wokhala ndi udzu, komanso zidzukulu zomwe amachotsedwa ku tomato, ndizoyenera kutero. Chosanjikizira chiyenera kutengedwa kuti chikamatha, kutalika kwake ndi osachepera 5 masentimita. Grass imatha mofulumira, muyenera kuyisinthakoma idzadzaza dziko lapansi ndi nayitrogeni.
Masamba ndi singano
Kuwonjezera pa kufufuza zinthunkhalango pansi amapereka nthaka yopindulitsa mabakiteriya. Izo zidzatero mulch, ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo, feteleza. Ndi bwino kutenga m'nkhalango yotchedwa coniferous or deciduous forest.
Chiwombankhanga ndi makungwa
Nkhani yosatha komanso yokhalitsa. Amasunga chinyezi bwino, kotero ndi bwino kuti wowonjezera kutentha. Ndikofunika kuyala utuchi wouma Masentimita 8 masentimitandiye tikulimbikitsidwa kukhetsa ndi yankho la 5% la urea. Nthaka ikhale yosakanizidwa, chifukwa chaichi, choko wamba ayenera kutsanulira pa utuchi mofanana, ndipo laimu yowonjezera ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Zimatha kuthetsa asidi asidi chifukwa cha mankhwala.
Kompositi
Kukonzekera ku zonyansa zosiyanasiyana: zinyalala, udzu, udzu wosweka, mapepala, mapepala, zida zina zofanana. Pambuyo powonongeka ndi kuwonongeka mu kompositi, iwo khalani ndibwino kwambiri michere kusakaniza kuti mphutsi mwamsanga kukonza.
Samalani! Kompositi - ngakhale fetereza wothandiza kwambiri, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumapangitsa kuti mbewuyo iwonjezere mtundu wake wobiriwira, koma siimangiriza zipatso.
Mafilimu
Sankhani molimba ndi opaque, ndiye iye amatha kulimbana ndi namsongole. Firimuyo iyenera kuponyedwa pansi molimba mokwanira.
Mukagwiritsira ntchito izo zikhoza kuchitika Muzu ukufalikira kwa zomera kapena matenda awo ndi matenda a fungal. Chifukwa - chinyezi chachikulu pamsasa pawokha.
Mapepala ndi makatoni
Pepala ndilowezeredwa nkhuni. Mapepala aliwonse omwe amathyoledwa ndi kuikidwa ali abwino. Masentimita 15 masentimita. Kompositi kapena udzu akhoza kuikidwa pamwamba, ndiye pepala silidzawombedwa. Chifukwa cha zochita zoterezi kutentha kwa nthaka kudzawonjezeka ndi zosachepera 2 madigiri, ndipo zosanjikiza zidzatumikira pafupi zaka ziwiri. Ndi bwino kutsegula pepala kuti musagwidwe.
Nsalu yopanda chophimba
Zokongola zake mosavuta kudutsa chinyezi ndi mpweya. Amatumikira pafupifupi zaka zisanu, kuteteza zomera ku bowa, tizirombo kapena zowola. Zili ngati zothandiza kwambiri geotextilekoma ndi okwera mtengo. Mwinamwake ichi ndi chokhacho chokha.
Ruberoid
Zosatha, zodalirika. Salola kuti namsongole amere, musalole kuti dzuwa lifike kumapiri. Komabe toxic kwambiri ndipo akhoza kuvulaza tomato ndi nthaka.
Kodi ndi liti pamene mungachite izi?
Mulch, monga tatchula pamwambapa, amakhalabe ndi chinyezi m'nthaka ndipo samalola kuwala kwa dzuwa. Choncho nkhani ngati wowonjezera kutenthedwa ndi moto kapena ayi.
Kuika wosanjikiza kumachitika mu unheated wowonjezera kutenthakumene dziko lapansi silitenthe. Izi ziyenera kuchitika itatha chisanundipo dziko latentha kwambiri.
Ngati wowonjezera kutentha ndikutentha, kugulira mulingo kumachitika nthawi iliyonse pamene zomera zabzalidwa.
Kuyika sayansi kumapanga chovala chosankhidwa. Mululu wotsekedwa umayikidwa pakati pa zomera. Mzere ayenera kukhala masentimita angapo. A muyenera kuchoka pangТono kakang'ono kozungulira tsindekuti amasuke madzi momasuka.
Kutsiliza
Kupindulitsa kochitidwa mulching wa tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha kumachepetsa kwambiri khama la nyakulima kukula tomato. Kupalira, kuthirira ndi kumasula kumayenera kuchitidwa mobwerezabwereza.. Koma njirayi kumathandiza kukula mbewu zolemera komanso zofunika kwambiri!
