Girabera ya pinki - maluwa okongola okongola. Kwenikweni, amakula kuti adye maluwa ndi maluwa. Mitundu yodziwika kwambiri pakati pa olima ndi ojambula.
Maluwawa amawoneka bwino kwambiri pakhomo pawindo, pamaluwa a m'munda wamaluwa komanso ngati chinthu chokongoletsa.
Sikozoloŵera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa nyumba, chifukwa ngakhale yopanga maluwa mwa mawonekedwe a pinki gerberas amawoneka ofatsa ndi okondwerera.
Kuwonjezera pa nkhaniyi tidzapereka zithunzi za pinki za gelberas ndikukuuzani momwe mungasamalire bwino maluwa okongola awa.
Kufotokozera ndi mbiri ya zochitika
Pinki yamera - wosakanizidwa mitundu yosatha ya herbaceous. Icho ndi cha mabanja ambiri a Asrov kapena Compositae.
Gerber genus anapezeka m'zaka za zana la 18. J. Gronovius wazamasamba achi Dutch. Maluwawo anawatcha dzina lake T. Gerber, wasayansi Wachi German. South Africa, Madagascar, ndi madera otentha a ku Asia amaonedwa ngati malo obadwira.
Masiku ano floriculture, pali mitundu yoposa 20 ndi mitundu 100 yokhazikika.. Mmodzi mwa iwo ndi gerbera pinki.
Maonekedwe ndi zinthu
Tsinde lafupika, mpaka 35 - 40 cm mu msinkhu. Masamba ali wobiriwira wobiriwira, wokonzedwa mu rosette. Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka masamba, masambawa ndi amphongo, amagawanika, amafupa, amawonetsa pamapeto. M'litali amakula mpaka masentimita 30. Maziko a masamba ndi petioles ndi otsatsa.
Maluwa okha, aakulu, mawonekedwe - dengu. Nthawi zonse maluwawo amakhala achikasu. Maluwa ndi masentimita 5-15 m'mimba mwake, pali mitundu yambiri yofikira, mpaka 30 cm. Maluwa amapezeka kumapeto kwa chilimwe, kumatenga miyezi isanu ndi itatu. Mu greenhouses maluwa ndi pafupifupi mosalekeza, kumatha mpaka autumn. Zidzakhala zamphamvu, zowirira, ndi pubescence pang'ono.
Mzuwu ndi wochuluka, wamphamvu, nthambi. Zipatso - nyemba ndizochepa, zopanda fumbi, mu 1 g - mbeu 300 - 400.
Ndikofunikira! Nthawi zambiri wamkulu monga kukongoletsa m'nyumba maluwa kapena mafakitale wowonjezera kutentha floriculture.
Mitundu yambiri ya hybrid mitundu ya pinki gerbera:
Chithunzi
Onani zithunzi za gerbera pinki:
Kalasi "Hollywood", "Chikhulupiriro"
Zimadumphira pamwamba. Maluwa ndi aakulu, a pinki yofiira, zamkati ndi zazikulu.
"Aldebaran"
Amasiyana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pinki.. Maluwawo ndi ofooka, amphongo amphongo. Zimayambira wamtali, mpaka 35 - 40 masentimita.
"Viola"
Girabera ya pinki imatanthawuza mitundu yambiri ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Malamulo Otsatira ndi Malangizo
Landing ikuchitika kumapeto kwa May - oyambirira June. Maluwa achikulire okha amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitsamba cha mayi. Chitsulo chapadera chokonzekera.
Chiwembu cholowera:
- Mtsuko wothira udothi umathiridwa mumphika ndi mabowo oyamwa - mpaka 2 cm.
- Gawo lapansi limatsanuliridwa, limatonthozedwa bwino komanso limagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi yankho la manganese.
- Muzu wa chitsamba umamasulidwa pansi.
- Mizu yowuma ndi yoonongeka imadulidwa.
- Ndi mpeni wakuzuwo umagawidwa m'magulu.
- Mu gawo lirilonse pakhale zigawo 2 - 3 za kukula.
- Gawo lirilonse limabzalidwa nthawi yomweyo.
- Amafuna diffused kuwala, nthawi zonse kuthirira.
Mwa tsatanetsatane wa momwe mungabweretse gerbera kunyumba ndi momwe mungasamalire mtsogolo, tikuwuzani mu nkhaniyi.
Tsegulani pansi
Chenjerani! N'zotheka kukafika kumadera akummwera, m'madera otentha.
Malo owala bwino amakhala osankhidwa. Mbande ndizopangidwa kale kapena zogulidwa mu sitolo. Nthaka iyenera kukhala umuna, yosasunthika.
Njira yobzala:
Kukumba chiwembu.- Mtedza, tsamba la mchenga, mchenga zimatulutsidwa mu nthaka mu chiwerengero cha 1: 1: 1.
- Mabowo osalimba akumba.
- Pansi pa dzenje pang'onoting'ono kakang'ono kamangidwe pamadzi.
- Ndi kukula kwa tsinde ayenera kukhala pamwamba.
- Mukufuna chinyezi chabwino.
Kukumba chiwembu.Tsatanetsatane wa momwe mungabzalitsire munda wa gerbera pamalo otseguka komanso za maonekedwe a chitsamba chotsatira, werengani pano.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupitirize kubwezeretsa gerbera pa nthawi ya maluwa. Kuwaza sikufunika kokha ngati mphika uli wochepa.
Kuunikira ndi malo
Girabera ya pinki imakonda kuwala. Nyumbayo ikulimbikitsidwa kuti ikhale miphika kum'mwera chakum'maŵa, kumwera chakumadzulo. Zingakule kumtunda windowsills. Pa masiku otentha kwambiri m'pofunika kumthunzi mawindo ndi chophimba chowala kuti masamba asatenthe. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, tikulimbikitsidwa kutenga miphika kumalo otseguka, khonde kapena loggia. Maluwa amakonda mpweya wabwino.
Ndikofunikira! Chomeracho chimafuna tsiku lalitali. M'nyengo yozizira, kuunika kwina kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa maola awiri ndi atatu pa tsiku. Matabwa apadera a phyto amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zosowa za nthaka
Dothi la pinki gerbera liyenera kukhala lotayirira, lowala, pang'ono piritsi. Mukhoza kugula gawo lokonzekera sitolo kuti likhale ndi maluwa. Mukhoza kukonzekera nokha nthaka.
Zolemba za dothi:
- Malo osayera - maola awiri
- Peat - 1 ora
- Moss sphagnum - 1 koloko.
- Mchenga - ora limodzi
- Kusamba kwa dothi lowonjezera ndi miyala yaing'ono.
Maonekedwe a gawolo sayenera kuwonjezera kompositi kapena humus.
Tsegulani mabedi a maluwa amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera. - ndikofunika kumasula nthaka nthawi zonse, kuchotsa namsongole.
Chisamaliro
Kuthirira
Girabera ya pinki imakonda kumwa madzi ambiri m'nyengo yam'masika ndi chilimwe. Mu kutentha kuti achepetse kutentha, mukhoza kuwonjezera kupopera mbewu.
Pamene kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sayenera kugwera mu tsamba axils ndi pazitsulo. Kuthirira kumachitika pazu.
M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kuchepa. Malamulo akulu a ulimi wothirira - gawo lapansi liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono. Masamba kamodzi pa sabata ayenera kuchotsedwa ku fumbi ndi nsalu yonyowa.
Mukamwetsa ndi kuthirira chitsamba, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda okhazikika okhazikika.. Pambuyo kuthirira ndi kupopera mbewu pamadzi muyenera kutsanuliridwa, mizu sayenera kulowetsedwa m'madzi.
Kutentha
Ndizowopsa kwambiri kuika duwa kusintha kwadzidzidzi. Kutentha kwa mpweya kutentha kumapeto - nyengo ya chilimwe ndi 20 - 24 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, mpumulo, kutentha kumachepetsa kufika ku 16 ° C.
Kupaka pamwamba
Flower feteleza ndi mchere zovuta feteleza. Kupaka pamwamba kumapangidwa masiku 7 mpaka 10 mutatha kuthirira. Kuyambira February mpaka March, kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe - pa nthawi yogwira kukula, nitrogenous feteleza ndi zofunika. Panthawiyi, kuwonjezereka kobiriwira mumtambo. Mu July - kumayambiriro kwa August, pulojekiti ya phosphorus-potaziyamu imakhala yofunikira.
Chenjerani! Girabera ya pinki imakhala yovuta kwambiri ku feteleza, feteleza iyenera kukhala yofooka kwambiri.
Mukamabzala maluwa otseguka pansi, feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito 2 pa mwezi pakamwetsa madzi.
Poto
Zosiyanasiyanazi sizikufuna kwambiri, miphika yowonongeka ndi mabowo. Pakuika poto ayenera kukhala 2 mpaka 3 masentimita aakulu kuposa kuposa kale.
Maluwa amavuta ngati kubzala mphamvu ndi kwakukulu kwambiri.. Mu zolima zokhazokha mizu idzayamba.
Zosangalatsa za nyengo
Girabera ya piritsi siimalola kuti chimfine ndi chisanu zisamafe. M'nyengo yozizira, duwa sililoleza nyengo yozizira. Zomera zakuda zimayenera kukumba, kuziika miphika. Zima kukonzanso mitundu ya m'munda - kutentha kwa mpweya osachepera 8 - 9 ° C, kuthirira moyenera, kuyatsa kokwanira.
Pakubzala izo nkofunikira kusunga nthaka pansi, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yosinthira.
Amasiya duwa kuti yozizira yekha kum'mwera zigawo.. Pano pali malo ena okhala ndi masamba, nthambi za pinini, ndi udzu.
Mmene mungasamalire gerbera kunyumba ndifotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani yapadera.
Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo
Gelbera ya pinki imadwala nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha kutentha kwabwino komanso kuthirira mowa kwambiri.
- Kuvunda kwa khosi la mizu ndilofala kwambiri. Vuto limakhudza maluwa onse. Kuti mumupulumutse ndizosatheka. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira, kuchepa kwa madzi ndi dampness ya gawoli muyenera kupewa.
- Kuchokera ku mpweya wambiri, nthawi zonse zowonjezereka zingawoneke zoopsa matenda a fungal - powdery mildew, imvi nkhungu. Izi zidzafuna chithandizo cha chitsamba ndi nthaka fungicides. Ndondomekoyi imabwerezedwa 2 mpaka 3 ndi nthawi ya masiku 7 -10.
- Kuwonongeka kochedwa, Fusarium imachiritsidwa ndi basezol. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kuthirira kuchepetsedwa, maluwa amalekanitsidwa kuti matendawa asafalikire kwa maluwa ena abwino.
- Nkhumba ziyenera kutsukidwa ndi madzi soposi. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
- Maluwa otseguka, nthawi zambiri duwa limakhudzidwa ndi maluwa. Kupopera mankhwala mwamsanga ndi karbofos kapena maziko ayenera kufunika. Mukhoza kukonza duwa tincture fodya. 40 g wa fodya wouma amafunikira madzi okwanira 1 litre.
Mukhoza kudzidziwa ndi matenda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi abambowa.
Pambuyo pake, kanema woonera za matenda a gerbera:
Kuswana
Mbalame ya pinki imabereka m'njira zingapo:
Mbewu
Njira yobzala mbande ndi yovuta komanso yovuta.
Kufesa kwachitika kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira.. Young baka pachimake m'chilimwe. Maonekedwe a gawolo ayenera kuphatikizapo peat ndi mchenga. Kutentha kwa zomwe zili mbande ndi 18 - 20 ° C. Mbewu zimamera pansi pa filimu kapena pansi pa galasi. Mpweya wobiriwira uyenera kuwonetsedwa tsiku ndi tsiku. Mapepala oyambirira atangoyamba kuonekera pa mbande, ayenera kuikidwa m'miphika yaing'ono. Mbewu yakula msinkhu wa milungu iwiri ndi itatu, imabweretsedwanso ku maluwa osatha.
Ndi malangizo amatsatanetsatane okhudzana ndi kukula kwa mbeu za mbeu, mungapeze m'nkhani yathu.
Kugawa chitsamba
Njira yabwino kwambiri komanso yosamalirako yopangira pinki. Njira iyi imakulolani kuti muzisunga mtundu wa maluwa osiyanasiyana. Kugawanika kumachitika mu April, mu April. Zaka zambiri za zaka 3 mpaka 4 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popatukana. Maluwawo amagawidwa mu magawo awiri, ndipo pambali pake pakhale masamba 3 mpaka 4.
Dothi lodzala siliyenera kuikidwa m'manda, liyenera kutulutsa masentimita 1 pamwamba pa nthaka.
Zosakaniza sizikulimbikitsidwa kuti zikhazikitsidwe mwa kuwala kowalaKuwala kuyenera kukhala kowala koma kusokonezeka. Kuthirira moyenera, nthawi zonse.
Cuttings
Njirayo siyothandiza nthaŵi zonse. Kawirikawiri cuttings musati muzu, zowola.
Ndikofunikira! Mukamalumikiza, mitundu ya maluwa imatha kutha kapena kusintha.
Kudula masamba kumadulidwa pansi.. Mdulidwe uyenera kupangidwa ndi kukula kwa hormone. Kutsekemera kumafuna kutentha kwabwino. The cuttings amanda 1-2 masentimita mu nthaka. Zida zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ziyenera kukhala ndi zojambulajambula. Kutentha kwa mpweya kwa rooting ndi 20 - 22ᵒС. Kuthirira moyenera, ndibwino kusungunula gawo lapansi ndi utsi. Mizu yozulidwa mizu mkati mwa mwezi umodzi. Ndiye mbande zimabzalidwa miphika yosiyana (njira zonse zofalitsira za gerbera pakhomo ndi zofunikira zofunika pambuyo pake, werengani apa)
Girabera ya pinki - maluwa achilendo. Kumuthandiza ayenera kukhala woyenera komanso woyenera. Kukula tchire ndi maluwa okongola, zimatengera khama lalikulu ndi khama.
