Maluwa okongola popereka: kubzala hibiscus pamtunda ndi kubzala zinsinsi

Hibiscus ndi malo ambiri a zomera zam'madzi a Malvaceae, omwe dziko lawo ndi lotentha komanso lachilengedwe.

M'kati mwathu, chomerachi chimakula ngati m'nyumba kapena kutentha. Koma palinso mitundu ina yomwe imapezeka m'madera ozizira omwe amatha kukula.

Pafupi mitundu yoyenera, kubzala hibiscus kutseguka pansi ndi mawonekedwe osamalira iye ndipo tidzakambirana m'nkhaniyi. Komanso mu nkhaniyi tikuphunzira momwe tingakhalikire chomera ichi.

Ndi mitundu yanji yoyenera kukula m'munda?

Mitundu imeneyi yomwe imalekerera pansi madontho otentha, chisanu, mvula yamkuntho, ikhoza kutchedwa kuti hibiscus munda (Syrian) ndi hibiscus wosakanizidwa, zomwe zingabzalidwe mdziko lonse ndipo zimatha kukongoletsa malo a nyumba.

Hibíscus syríacus (chitsamba cha ku Syria)

• Diana;
• Wielite Ilar Wachiwiri;
• Giant Pink;
• Carneus Plenus;
• Joan waku Arc.

Hibiscus hybridus (hybrid herbaceous)

• Achinyamata;
• Kutsiriza;
• Dothi lofiira;
• Pinki ndi phala.

Maluwa mu chithunzi

Hibiscus ikufalikira nthawi yomweyo mofatsa komanso mokwanira:

Kodi n'zotheka kudzala kumapeto kwa nyengo?

Kubzala pamalo otseguka m'chakadziko lapansi likadzawotchera mokwanira ndi kutentha kwa nyengo. Anthu ambiri okhala kumtunda kwa kumpoto akuopa kuyamba hibiscus ya Syria, chifukwa ikhoza kufota. Vutoli limathetsedwa ngati chaka choyamba cha moyo chomera chomera pamwamba pa nyumba, ndikubweranso kumalo omwe adapatsidwa m'munda.

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji malo abwino m'dzikoli?

• Kuunikira Hibiscus amakonda kuwala, choncho malo abwino kwambiri pa chiwembu ndi malo owonetsera bwino, koma popanda dzuwa, lomwe lingayambitse tsamba.
• Kutentha Garden hibiscus imakula pamalo otseguka, choncho imalandira kutentha kulikonse m'nyengo yotentha. Koma nkofunika kuti hibiscus ibzalidwe pamalo omwe amatetezedwa ku mphepo ndi ma drafts. Koma kuti hibiscus apulumuke m'nyengo yozizira ndi chisanu, muyenera kuzisamalira.

  Ngati nyengo ikuzizira, kutentha kwakukulu komwe kudzakhala -15 ° C, ndiye kuti chimango chiyenera kumangidwa kuzungulira chomeracho, chomwe chimatulutsidwa ndi spanbond kapena agrotex. Ngati nyengo yozizira iyenera kukhala yowopsya, ndiye bwino kuti musayambe kuika moyo wawo pachiswe, ndipo mutakumba hibiscus, perekani mwayi wokhala m'nyengo yachisanu kapena m'chipinda china chozizira.

• Ground Chofunikira chachikulu pa nthaka - chiyenera kukhala chopatsa thanzi, chowala, chovomerezeka. Gawo lililonse lopangidwa ndi peat lidzakumana ndi makhalidwe awa. Pobzala hibiscus, mungagwiritse ntchito kusakaniza kwa munda, peat, mchenga mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 4: 1. Mukhozanso kusakaniza: nkhuni, tsamba la nthaka, humus, mchenga wonyezimira mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 2: 1: 1. Zosankha: 5% perlite, 45% makungwa kuchokera ku hardwood, 50% peat.
• Kukonzekera kwa dothi. Pitani chifukwa chodzala ayenera kukhala 2 peresenti ya mizu ya mbewu. Choponderetsa pansi ndi madzi (osweka njerwa), kutalika kwake kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita 15. Chitsulo chotsatira 10 cm pamwamba ndi mchenga. Kenako - 15 masentimita manyowa. Mzere wosanjikiza - 15 masentimita - mchenga. Pambuyo poyika mizu ya mbeu mu dzenje lakudzala, malo onsewa adzaza ndi nthaka.

Thandizo! Oyandikana nawo kwambiri a hibiscus pa chiwembu - ananyamuka ndi lavender. Ndi rosi, ali ndi zofanana zofanana ndi nthaka, ndipo lavender sichidzangotulutsa hibiscus zokha, komanso kukhala chitetezo chabwino pa nsabwe za m'masamba, zomwe sizilekerera fungo la lavender.

Njira zoberekera

Kuchulukitsa hibiscus m'munda kungakhale mndandanda wa njira, muyenera kungosankha njira yomwe mungapeze ndikudziwe bwino momwe mungabzalidwe chomera.

Cuttings

Khwerero ndi sitepe akutsatira malangizo:

1. Konzani zonse zomwe mukufuna:
   • chophimba cha pulasitiki wamdima kapena galasi;
   • kudula;
   • pulogalamu ya carbon;
   • chotsitsa;
   • wowonjezera kutentha
2. Kukhoza kudzaza madzi osungunuka kutentha kutentha (2/3).
3. Onjezerani pulogalamu yamchere ya mpweya ku madzi ndikutsuka muzu wopanga stimulator mmenemo.
4. Ikani kudula m'madzi.
5. Pamwamba pa sitima yopulumukirayo iyenera kukhala yokutidwa ndi wowonjezera kutentha.
6. Ikani chotengera chofunda (+ 20С - + 25є) ndi malo okongola (koma popanda dzuwa lachindunji).
7. Nthaŵi zina wowonjezera kutentha amafunikila kutsegulidwa, kugwedeza dontho la condensate kuchokera kumakoma ake.
8. Pambuyo mizu ikukula mpaka 2 - 3 masentimita, imatha kubzalidwa pansi.

Kuyika

Khwerero ndi sitepe akutsatira malangizo:

1. Konzani zonse zomwe mukufuna:
   • mpeni wakuda wamunda;
   • chidutswa cha pulasitiki;
   • "Kornevin";
   • sphagnum moss;
   • filimu ya pulasitiki.
2. Sankhani nthambi yathanzi, yachangu yomwe ilibe chiwonongeko chowoneka.
3. Gwiritsani ntchito mpeni wamunda kuti mudule makungwa, mutachotsa masamba onse kumalo ano.
4. Pofuna kuteteza kuwonjezeka kwa mankhwalawa ndi kukhalabe ajar, muyenera kutaya pulasitiki pang'ono.
5. Malo osungira malo ayenera kukokedwa ndi mizu yopanga stimulator ndi chilonda ndi moss wothira.
6. Moss amafunika kujambula filimu ndi ulusi wamphamvu.
7. Ngati mcherewo uli wouma, ndiye kuti umathiridwa madzi pogwiritsa ntchito sitiroko yachipatala.
8. Pamene mizu yaying'ono idzawonekera kudzera mu kanema (pambuyo pa miyezi 2 mpaka 3), chomeracho chikhoza kupatulidwa.

Inoculation

Khwerero ndi sitepe akutsatira malangizo:

1. Konzani zonse zomwe mukufunikira kuti katemera:
   • mpeni wakuda wamunda;
   • tsamba;
   • mizu yodulidwa ngati grafts;
   • filimu ya pulasitiki;
   • Okalamba sali okalamba kubzala ngati katundu.
2. Dulani pa msinkhu wofunikila wa katunduyo ayenera kupatulidwa pakati ndi mpeni.
3. Mzere wa scion uyenera kukhala woboola.
4. Sakanizani scion graft mu chisa.
5. Malo ogwiritsira ntchito mwamphamvu kwambiri kukulunga ndi kukulunga pulasitiki, kulikonza mwamphamvu.

Mbewu

Khwerero ndi sitepe akutsatira malangizo:

1. Konzani koyenera kufesa:
   • chotsitsa;
   • gawo lapansi;
   • ngalande;
   • mbewu;
   • kupopera madzi;
   • galasi kapena filimu ya pulasitiki.
2. Pansi pa chidebecho mwadzaza ndi ngalande, ndiye - dothi lonyowa.
3. Nkhumba zimagawidwa pamwamba pa mtunda wa 0,5 masentimita pakati pa wina ndi mzake, ndipo gawo lochepa la gawo lapansi limawaza pamwamba kuti mbewuzo zikhale 5 mm zakuya.
4. Ufulu ukhale wosakaniza pamwamba pa botolo.
5. Mphika umaphimbidwa ndi galasi kapena polyethylene, yoikidwa pamalo otentha, okongola, koma popanda dzuwa. Kutchulidwa kutentha kwa kusunga ndi + 25С - + 27С. Mphukira yoyamba idzawonekera masabata awiri ndi atatu.
6. Nkofunikira kuti mukhale ndi chinyezi nthawi zonse mu wowonjezera kutentha, musaiwale kuti muzitsuka ndikupopera mbeu nthawi zonse.
7. Pamene mbande zili ndi masamba oyambirira, amafunika kukhala pamiphika.
8. Pakatikati pa mwezi wa May, mbande zimabzalidwa pamsewu.

Kugawa chitsamba

Khwerero ndi sitepe akutsatira malangizo:

1. Konzani zonse zomwe mukufuna:
   • mpeni wamphamvu;
   • pruner
2. Kukumba chitsamba.
3. Chotsani mosamala nthaka kuchokera ku mizu (ndibwino kuti musambe ndi madzi).
4. Thunthu lirilonse limagawidwa ndi mpeni kuti aliyense ali ndi gawo la mizu (osachepera 1 - 2 mizu 1 - 3 mm kutalika).
5. Zitsamba zochekerera ziyenera kudulira mbali zonse zosweka za mizu.
6. Lembani m'mitsuko yoyamba yokonzedwa bwino.

Ndi liti kuti mupatse ndi kudula?

Chenjerani! Ngati hibiscus idabzalidwa kugwa, muyeneranso kulumikiza nthaka kuzungulira thunthu la sapling ndi kulimangiriza ndi spruce sir kapena ziguduli ndi deadwood.

Hibiscus mitundu inakula kuthengo, wodzichepetsa kwambiri ndipo musafunike chisamaliro chapadera. Kutsekemera mwachisawawa, kuchotsa namsongole, kuthirira nthawi zonse (kutentha ndi kouma kozizira kumakhala tsiku ndi tsiku) - izi ndizo zomwe mbeuyo ikufunikira. Kachiwiri pa mwezi, kuyambira June mpaka September, hibiscus munda ayenera kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza ndi mkulu wa nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous, komanso kugwa ndi feteleza ndi potaziyamu. Musaiwale za kudulira nthawi zonse.

Bwanji ngati chomeracho sichitha kukhala ndi moyo?

1. Mapesi a mizu amatha pambuyo poika pansi. Mukamabzala chomera china, mizu yake inasokonezeka. Hibiscus iyenera kudula kachiwiri, chifukwa palibe mwayi uliwonse wopulumuka chifukwa chodula. N'zotheka kupewa chodabwitsa ngati kuika pamtengowo kumachitika mwa kusamutsa chomeracho: Chotsani chomeracho mumphika wakale ndipo, popanda kusula phala ladothi, liyikeni mu dzenje.
2. Chomeracho sichinali pachimake mu nthawi yoyembekezeka. Kwa wokhazikika komanso wochuluka maluwa munda hibiscus ayenera nthawi zonse kudulira.
3. Hibiscus wachinyamatayo amasonyeza zizindikiro za matenda opatsirana (kuwonongeka, mawanga powdery, etc.). Pofuna kupewa chodabwitsa ichi, ndibwino kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mukhozanso mbeu, pamaso pa dunk mu njira yowonjezeramo kukula, imadzipiritsa pang'ono mu potsiyamu ya potassium permanganate.

Ngakhale kuti sizinayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito, hibiscus wakhala nthawi yake "m'mbali" mu Russia. Ndi khama lochepa, wolima aliyense akhoza kukula ndikufalitsa zomera., kubweretsa kuseri kwake kumayiko ena otentha kwambiri.