Ndipo chirichonse chiri chophweka: momwe mungasunge kaloti m'nyengo yozizira mu nthaka

Kaloti ndi imodzi mwa maluwa otchuka kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ndi mavitamini ndi amchere olemera omwe ali abwino kwa thanzi komanso amakhala ndi kukoma kokoma. Saladi, soups, mbali mbale komanso zofiira zimapangidwa kuchokera ku masamba.

Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kusunga kaloti kwa chaka chathunthu n'kopanda phindu - theka la mbewu lidzatayika. Komabe, ngati mukukonzekera bwino masamba ndikusankha njira yoyenera yosungiramo, chipatsocho sichidzawonongeka ndipo chidzasunga kukoma kwake.

Njira yosasungirako yosunga kaloti, yogwiritsidwa ntchito masiku akale komanso kukhala ndi masamba osungirako masamba - ingosiya mizu m'munda. Nkhaniyi imalongosola njira yamakono ya kusungiramo kaloti m'nyengo yozizira.

Zapadera za masamba

Chidutswa cha kaloti mu mawonekedwe ake: woonda peel, kukhudzidwa kwa zisonkhezero zakunja. Ngati pali vuto, ngati zipangizo zamakono zogwiritsira ntchito yosungirako sizikusamalidwa, mizu imataya mwamsanga chinyezi, imatha, ndipo imakhudzidwa ndi matenda.

Yabwino kwa iwo adzakhala kutentha kwa dziko lapansi pafupi ndi zero, chinyezi cha chilengedwe - 95%. Ngati kutentha kuli pamwamba pa zero, ndiwo zamasamba zamasamba zimasokonezeka.. Zomera zabwino zowirira zingasungidwe pansi, popanda kuwonongeka kwa magetsi kapena matenda.

Kodi n'zotheka kusunga masamba mumzinda umene udakula?

Popeza karoti ndi chozizira chomera, n'zotheka kusiya masamba m'nyengo yozizira. Pamene chipale chofewa, mabedi ozizira omwe ali ndi mizu yotsalira sizimafuna kutentha kwowonjezereka, koma ngati pali chisanu cholimba, ndi chivundikiro cha chisanu chiri chochepa, ndiye ndi bwino kuwaphimba.

Njira imodzi yosungiramo kaloti imakhala pamalo pomwe idakula: mu kugwa, ikadafika nthawi yokolola, kusiya gawo la mbewu muzu, osati kukumba, kapena kuiyika mu dzenje ladongo.

Njira yosungiramo pansi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati:

1. Zamasamba ndi zonyansa, koma palibe zinthu zosungirako.
2. Palibe nthawi yokolola ndi kukonzanso.

Njirayo ili ndi phindu:

• ngati nyengo yozizira imakhala yofewa, ndiye kuti simungathe kukumba kaloti mpaka chisanu chimasungunuka;
• Ngati kaloti imasiyidwa m'munda, ndiye kusungirako kumachitika "mwakhungu" - mtundu wa ndiwo zamasamba sudziwika, ndizosatheka kuzikonza;
• Mbewuyo ingawonongeke ndi tizilombo tonse tomwe timatentha ndi ntchentche.

Mitundu ya karoti yosungidwa

Pofuna kusungirako pansi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imakhala yozizira ndi yozizira, imasinthidwa kuti izikhala zovuta. Muyenera kutsogoleredwa ndi nthawi yotseka muzu, zomwe zili mu carotene, sucrose.

Osungidwa m'munda kapena m'dothi mpaka nyengo yotsatira yobzala:

• "Nantes" ("Nantes Semko F1", "Nantes 4").
• "Winter Winter".
• "Zosamvetseka".
• "Chantenay".
• "Chisokonezo Chakumapeto".
• "Kadinali".
• Losinoostrovskaya-13.
• "Pakati".
• "Zokonda".
• "Vorobiev".

Kusankha mbewu za karoti zowalima kuti zisungidwe pansi, muyenera kulingalira mbali ya mderalo. Mitundu yambiri yowonongeka imapangidwira makamaka nyengo za nyengo.

Zodziwika bwino za mazira a mizu

Njira yosungira kaloti m'nthaka sikutanthauza yosungirako.. Musanayambe kugula masamba oti asungidwe m'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kufufuza malo omwe mizu idzakhala yozizira.

Chifukwa chofunikira pa tsamba ili ndi makhalidwe a kusunga kaloti pansi, ndibwino kutsatira malamulo:

1. Malowa sayenera kutsetsereka ndi madzi, makamaka m'chaka cha mvula yambiri.
2. Kutalika kwa chophimba chophimba kuyenera kupangidwa mokwanira kuteteza nthaka ku kuzizira.
3. Tetezani ku kuwonongeka kwa makoswe.
4. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yathanzi, popanda matenda a nthaka, osadetsedwa ndi medvedka, udzu wambiri ndi tizirombo tina.
5. Kusiya nyengo yozizira iyenera kukhala masamba abwino, abwino kwambiri.
6. Malo osankhidwa sayenera kusokoneza ntchito ya kasupe m'munda.

Kodi mungasunge bwanji zokolola musanatseke?

Ngati chigamulocho chapangidwa, ndiye kuti zonse kapena gawo la mbeu zikhoza kusiya kuti zikhale m'nyengo yozizira.

Ntchito ikhoza kuchitika kumapeto kwa autumn. Ngati pangakhale tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, ndiye kuti muzu wa masamba siwopseza. M'nyengo yozizira, kaloti idzasungunuka shuga wambiri, ndipo kukoma kwake kudzangowonjezereka.

Pali njira ziwiri zosungira masamba m'nthaka.:

• pa kama;
• mu dzenje ladothi.

Pa bedi la munda

Ganizirani pang'onopang'ono momwe mungasunge kaloti m'munda:

1. Choyamba, yeretsani dera lanu ndi kukula kaloti kumsongole.
2. Dikirani mpaka mbali yobiriwira ya chomera iume kapena kufa. Ngati nsongazo zikhale zobiriwira, ndipo chisanu posachedwa, chiyenera kuchotsedwa, kusiya 2-3 masentimita ndikuchotsedwe m'munda. Kusiya nsonga mizu sikuvomerezeka, ikhoza kuvunda, monga kaloti imayamba kuwonongeka kuchokera pansi.
3. Mapulani amaikidwa pamwamba pa mabedi okonzeka, kapena amawaza (osati ndi nkhungu wosanjikiza - 2-3 masentimita) ndi chonyowa coarse mchenga.
4. Mchenga, kale madzulo a chisanu, akhoza kuphimbidwa ndi pulasitiki wakuda.
5. Mzere wa mulch umatsanulidwa pa bolodi kapena filimu kuti aziika mabedi. Kuti muchite izi, mutha kutenga udzu, udzu, udzu, peat, utuchi kapena utu.
6. Mabedi a mulch amakhala ndi filimu kachiwiri. Pansi pa filimuyi muike ruberoid. Iwo adzapulumutsa kaloti ku chingwe chozizira.
7. Zipangizo zopangira ndi katundu wolemera kuti zikonzekere, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira sizinawombedwe. Chipale chogwa chidzapanga chitetezo chowonjezera.

Mu dzenje la nthaka

Njirayi ikuphatikizapo kukumba masamba, kukonzekera kuti asungidwe.

Ndondomeko yokonzekera kaloti:

1. Zomera zimayambira pogwiritsa ntchito mafoloko, popanda kugwedeza ndi kuponyera pansi. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amachititsa kuwononga masamba monga microtraumas, sikhala. Izi zimakhudza ubwino wosungirako.
2. Zomera zouma zouma pamalo opuma mpweya.
3. Sungani zouma kaloti, sankhani ngakhale, osati zipatso zazikulu, popanda kuwonongeka, pamene mukuchotsa mosamala nthaka yambiri. Ikani pambali makope ozokongoletsedwa kapena ochepa - adzabwezeretsanso.
4. Dulani nsonga za masamba, osasiya masentimita 2-3 masentimita.

Taganizirani za luso lamakono loika mbewu muzu:

1. Khola liyenera kukumbidwa osachepera 50 cm, 50 masentimita akuya (kapena mita m'nyengo yozizira) ndi 35-50 masentimita ngati dothi silimaundana kwambiri. Popanda kufika pansi. Koma kutalika kwa ngalande kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa masamba.
2. Pansi kugona ndi pang'ono chonyowa coarse mchenga (ayenera kutsanulira mwaulere), kapena kuphimba izo ndi udzu. Mukhoza kuyimitsa galasi ndi maselo ang'onoang'ono kuchokera ku makoswe. "Pillow" yoteroyo imateteza karoti kuti asagwirizane ndi nthaka.
3. Pamphepete mwa dzenje, mukhoza kuyika bolodi.
4. Ikani kaloti yoyamba ya kaloti mwa njira imodzi: yobalalika kapena m'matumba, makoka.
5. Tsambani pamwamba ndi zipangizo zosankhidwa.
6. Ndipo kotero pamwamba, popanda kufika pamphepete mwa 15-20 masentimita.
7. Thirani pansi pazitali zomaliza za zofunda. Kutalika kwa mtunda kumadalira kuuma kwa nyengo yozizira. Pa chisanu chowawa, kutalika kwa nthaka yosanjikiza ayenera kukhala osachepera 50 cm.
8. Kutsekedwa kumaikidwa pamwamba: mulch, peat, utuchi, nthambi za coniferous.
9. Wotsiriza mungathe kuyika slate.
10. Pakati pa phokosolo kukumba ngalande ndi madzi.

Kwa mpweya wabwino mkati mwa dzenje mukhoza kuyika bokosi la matabwa.

Malangizo ndi machenjezo

Kukonzekera mwakhama n'kofunika, koma pali ngozi kuti ndiwo zamasamba zowola, kapena kudyedwa ndi tizirombo.

Muzu Nsonga Zoteteza Othandizira:

1. Ngati m'nyengo yachisanu mbewa kapena hares zimakwiyitsa kwambiri ndikudya masamba, yikani zoopsya kapena misampha pafupi ndi yosungirako.
2. Spruce kapena pine nthambi zobalalika kuzungulira amakhalanso mantha pa makoswe.

Kugwiritsa ntchito malo a mchenga poika masamba kumtunda kumathandiza kusunga zokolola:

• Mu malo amchenga, kutuluka kwa madzi kuchokera ku zamasamba kudzachepa, ndipo izi zidzateteza kutentha kwapadziko lapansi.
• Zowonjezera kaboni dioxide, yomwe imagawidwa mizu masamba m'deralo, imakhala ndi phindu la chitetezo cha kaloti.
• Mchenga ukhoza kuteteza ku matenda owopsa a zakuda, zakuda ndi imvi zowola.

Gawo la mbeu, lomwe lidzapitirira mpaka masika, lidzasiyanitsidwa ndi wogula kwambiri ndi kulawa makhalidwe.

Masamba omwe adakumbidwa kuchokera mu dzenje m'chaka samasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali.. Choncho, ndi zofunika kuti muwachotse ku malo osungirako mwamsanga musanagwiritse ntchito. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, pofika chaka chachiwiri, ang'onoang'ono akuyamwa mizu amaoneka pa mizu, karoti imataya kukoma kwake, mphamvu imapita ku maluwa mapesi.

Atagwira ntchito yochepa, pokhala yosungira bwino kaloti padziko lapansi, n'zotheka kulandira zitsamba zatsopano ndi zowonjezera m'phika. Kapena, ngati kuli kotheka, kukumba masamba kuchokera pansi pa chisanu m'munda, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala othandiza m'nyengo yozizira.