Wodzichepetsa ndi wokongola modabwitsa ampelous pelargonium

Chisamaliro cha aliyense wokhala mumzindawu amakopeka ndi maluwa okongola ndi okongola omwe amakongoletsa nyumba ndi mabedi a maluwa ndi kupanga masewera achikondwerero.

Koma sikuti aliyense amadziwa mtundu wa chomera, kumene umachokera. Ndipo omwe adasankha kugula maluwa awa sakudziwa momwe kubalana ndi kulima kumachitika, ndipo kumasamalira mtundu wotani. Mu mafunso onsewa muthandizidwa kumvetsa nkhaniyi.

Kufotokozera ndi mtengo

Ampel pelargonium ndi zomera zosatha za Geraniah.. Mbali ya zomera izi ndizowonjezera mphukira ndi inflorescences ya mtundu wa ambulera mu mawonekedwe a mtolo umodzi, wopangidwa ndi 5 mpaka 15 maluwa. The inflorescence ili pamtunda wautali, inflorescence m'mimba mwake ndi 8-10 masentimita. Tsamba la pelargonium lili ndi mawonekedwe ofiira.

Dziko lachilendo la ampelous pelargonium ndi Cape Province ya South Africa, kumene kumakhala kumalo otsetsereka. M'zaka za zana la 17, anabweretsedwa ku Holland, ndipo kuchokera kumeneko maluwawo anagulitsidwa ku Ulaya konse kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1700 ndi 1800. Ndondomeko ya mitengo kwa iwo amene akufuna kugula chomera ichi ndi izi:

• ku Moscow Mizu yodula mizu ya ampelous pelargonium, yomwe siimasowa kupatsirana, imagulitsidwa ndi ruble 450. imodzi, ndi mtengo wa mtengo wamkulu ukhoza kufika ma ruble 800;
• ku St. Petersburg Kudula mizu kulipira 250 - 300 ruble, chomera chachikulu - ma ruble 450.

Maonekedwe ndi mbali za maluwa

Chidziwitso cha ampelous pelargonium ndi kuphulika kwache, kutalika kwake komwe kungakhale kwa mamita umodzi ndi theka. Mphukira imatha kupota pakhoma kapena kupumula bwino, choncho chomeracho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama kuti zitheke.

Mtundu wa inflorescences ndi wosiyana: ma ampelous maluwa a pelargonium akhoza kukhala oyera, ofiira, ofiira, ofiira, pinki. Mphuno ikhoza kukhala yopanda yunifolomu: pali mitundu yomwe maluŵa amakhala amathothomathotho, amphepete, ndi malire ndi mawanga. Maluwa akhoza kukhala ophweka ndi terry.

Nthawi ya maluwa iliyonse - masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi limodzi. Nthawi yamaluwa - kuyambira m'mawa mpaka m'mayezi. Masamba obiriwira a chomera ndiwo asanu-lobed, m'lifupi mwake ndi masentimita 3-6. Mtundu wawo uli wokondweretsa: malingana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, iyo ingakhale ya mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira kapena woyera ndi woyera.

M'zaka za zana la 18, alimi a maluwa ndi abereketsa ku England ndi Netherlands adalenga mitundu ya zomera zomwe zinali zofanana ndi African pelargonium. Ankatchedwa geraniums. Karl Linney mu chilankhulo chake "The System of Nature" anaphatikiza iwo kukhala mtundu umodzi. Koma Zomera za ku Africa ndi ku Ulaya zimakhala ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana ndi kusiyana kwakukulu, motero, mmagulu amakono, geranium ndi geranium ndi oimira magulu osiyanasiyana. Choncho chisokonezo muzolemba zambiri zolakwika zomwe mwalakwitsa zimalowetsa dzina limodzi ndi lina.

Geranium ndi pelargonium - zomera ziwiri zosiyana!

Chithunzi

Kenako, yang'anani zithunzi za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya duwa.

Mitundu yambiri ya mtundu

Mitundu yofala kwambiri ku Russia ndi:

• Zonal
• Royal
• Variegated.
• Zosangalatsa.
• Prickly.

Koma mawonekedwe a Ivy okha (amaboola ngati) kapena ampelous pelargonium amatha kuwombera kapena kutha. Dzina la chomeracho chinapezedwa chifukwa cha kufanana kwina kwa masamba a mtundu uwu wa pelargonium ndi masamba a ivy (zisanu-lobed, zovuta ndi zosalala).

Mawu "Ampel" m'Chijeremani amatanthawuza "kupachika nkhokwe yamaluwa". Choncho kusinthanitsa kwa mayina: onse amatcha chomera, omwe mphukira zawo zimatha kuphuka, monga mphukira za ivy, kotero zimalangizidwa kuti zikule muzitsulo kapena potsulo. Komabe, ena opanga masewerawa amagwiritsira ntchito ivy-monga pelargonium ndi chikhalidwe chophimba pansi.

Malamulo oyambirira a kubzala duwa

Malamulo oyambirira ndi malangizo omwe mungafunike mutabzala ampel pelargonium:

• Kwa kubzala kwa ampella pelargonium, miphika yopachikidwa, madengu, miphika yapamwamba kapena mabokosi, omwe adzakonzedwa pa khonde kapena pazenera, ndizofunikira.
• Pambuyo pake nkofunikira kulingalira pa dongosolo lakumanga matanki awa pamakoma, awnings, mawindo, mabanki.
• Nthaŵi yoyenera yobzala ampelous pelargonium ndi masika kapena oyambirira.
• Ngati zomera zimabzalidwa mumzere umodzi, ndiye kuti mtunda pakati pawo ukhale pafupifupi masentimita 15.
• Potorgonium mphika uyenera kukhala wochepa kwambiri: ngati uli wochuluka, ndiye kuti mizu ya mbewuyo imadzazaza malo onse omasuka, ndipo sichidzakhala ndi mphamvu yokwanira ya maluwa.
• M'pofunika kubwezeretsa ivy geranium ndifupipafupi nthawi imodzi muzaka ziwiri.

Malangizo obwera

1. Konzani zonse zomwe mukufunikira: mphamvu, sapling (makamaka angapo mawonekedwe okongola a chitsamba) ampelous pelargonium, ngalande, nthaka, kuthirira akhoza, scapula.
2. Mphika umadzaza ndi madzi okwanira (pafupifupi 1/4 mwa buku lonse) ndi nthaka.
3. Mu thanki, mafosholo amakhala opangidwa mosiyana, pomwe mbande za pelargonium zimamizidwa pamtunda wofanana kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
4. Mbewu iliyonse imadzazidwa ndi dziko lapansi, lomwe liyenera kukanikizidwa mwamphamvu pansi pa mphukira kuti zikhale bwino.
5. Chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa.

Ampel pelargonium salola mchere wambiri mu mphika, umene ukhoza kuwononga mizu yake. Choncho, musayiwale za ngalande mu mphika (kudula dongo, njerwa zosweka, thovu losweka, etc.), komanso mabowo omwe ali pansi pa thanki, okonzedwa kukhetsa madzi owonjezera.

Kuunikira ndi malo

Ampelnaya pelargonium amakonda dzuwa lowalaZimafuna tsiku lokwanira mokwanira kuti likule bwino (pafupifupi maola 16). Maluwa ndi osavuta kulekerera nthawi zowuma, ndipo amamva bwino kwambiri. Malo abwino kwambiri okhalapo Pelargonium m'nyengo yozizira idzakhala makonde, mawindo, gazebos, masitepe kapena maluwa, omwe amawonetsedwa pamunda. Malangizo othandiza - kum'mwera, kum'mwera chakum'mawa, kum'mwera chakumadzulo.

Zosowa za nthaka

Nthaka, yomwe ili yoyenera kubzala ampel pelargonium, iyenera kukhala ndi makhalidwe monga looseness, kuwalaness, mpweya ndi chinyezi chokhazikika. Chiwalo chovomerezeka cha gawo lapansi, popereka zonsezi zofunika, ndi peti ndi mchenga wambiri. Dothi lokonzeka lingagulidwe m'sitolo kapena lokonzedwa ndi lanu: mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1: 1: 1 kusakaniza peat, mchenga, nkhuni, masamba.

Kulima ndi kusamalira kunyumba

• Kuthirira. Mofanana ndi mbeu iliyonse, ampella pelargonium imafuna chinyezi. Koma siziyenera kukhala zochuluka. Kuthirira kumakhala koyenera komanso koyendetsera, nthawi zambiri kuthirira - monga nthaka yosanjikiza imatha (2 nthawi pa sabata). M'nyengo yozizira, nthawi yamasiku ochepa, kuthirira ndizosatheka (1 nthawi mu masabata awiri).

  Maluwa salola kuti kupopera mbewu mankhwala! Ndondomeko yotereyi ikhoza kuyambitsa matenda ambiri mu zomera.

• Kutentha. Pofuna kukula kwa pelargonium, kutentha kwakukulu n'kofunika - + 20С - + 25С. M'nyengo yozizira, panthawi yochepa nyengo ya chomera, thermometer mu chipinda chimene maluwa awasungidwa sayenera kusonyeza chizindikiro pamwambapa + 10С - + 12С.
• Kupaka pamwamba. M'chaka ndi chilimwe, zomera zimasowa zakudya. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza omwe ali ndi nayitrogeni ambiri kumayambiriro kwa nyengo kuti awonjezere zobiriwira za pelargonium, ndipo panthawi ya feteleza maluwa ayenera kukhala ndi potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Kudyetsa nthawi - nthawi 1 mu masiku khumi.
• Kudulira. M'nyengo ya autumn, chitsamba cha ampelous pelargonium sichiyenera kudulira osati zifukwa zokometsera zokha, komanso zomera kuti zikhale zathanzi. Kudulira kuyenera kukhala kozama: musakhudze mphukira zokhazo zomwe zimachokera muzu kapena opanda masamba 7 okha. Anachotsa zikwapu zouma, komanso mphukira zomwe zinachokera ku chifuwa cha masamba.
• Zima. Kuyambira kumapeto kwa autumn mpaka kumayambiriro kwa nyengo, ampella pelargonium amalowa nthawi yopumula. Amasowa kutentha kotsika (+ 10С - + 12С), kuthirira madzi osachepera komanso kusowa kwina kulikonse. Ndi bwino kuti chomeracho chilowetsedwe mu chipinda chogwiritsira ntchito chomwe chikugwirizana ndi kayendedwe ka kutentha, kapena khonde losasinthika. Pankhani ya overwintering zomera mu malo chipinda, maluwa sangakhalepo.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Matenda ambiri a ampelous pelargonium:

• muzu zowola (kuchokera kuthirira mochuluka ndi hypothermia);
• powdery mildew;
• dzimbiri;
• kuona

Angathe kukwiyitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya ndi matenda omwe agwera mu nthaka komanso pa chomerachokha.

Pa tizirombo zomwe zimayambitsa duwa, kawirikawiri ndi:

• aphid;
• zopanda;
• mbozi.

Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za kuwonongeka, chomeracho chiyenera kukhala chosiyana ndi chimzake, masamba ochotsedwa ndi kutenthedwa, ndipo pelargonium ayenera kuchiritsidwa ndi fungicide. Muyeneranso kuyang'ana ndondomeko yoyang'anira duwa. Ngati kopanda sungapulumutsidwe, iyenera kuwonongedwa pamodzi ndi nthaka.

Zinthu zoberekera

Ampel pelargonium amachulukitsa mbewu, zipatso, kudula chitsamba. Njira yowonjezera yowonjezera ikuphatikizidwa.

Ndi zophweka (ngakhale wopanga ma novice angakhoze kuigwira), ndi mofulumira (mwezi umodzi mizu yozulidwa ikhoza kumasula mizu yake) ndipo imakhala yothandiza (mbewu imachokera ku zikhalidwe zonse za mtundu wa mayi).

Kukozanitsa mitengo - kufalitsa masamba kwa mbewu ndi kudula. Phesi ndi gawo lopatulidwa la mbewu. The cuttings ya ampelous pelargonium amapangidwa mu kasupe.

1. Nsonga za mphukira zazing'ono (masentimita 7-10) ndi mawiri awiri a zamoyo zathanzi ndi zamphamvu zimachotsedwa ku chomera.
2. Zouma mu maola angapo.
3. Amadutsa mu lonyowa, lotayirira nthaka ndi 3-4 masentimita.
4. Chidebecho chimaikidwa pamalo ounikiridwa, koma popanda dzuwa lachindunji, nthawi zonse madzi amathirira nthaka.

N'zotheka kuti kamera kakang'ono kamangidwe pogona, koma izi zidzafuna zinthu zopanda nsalu zomwe sizingathe kupanga condensate.

Kuwombera m'madzi sikudzatha kumapeto: phesi lidzangowola. Pa mwezi umodzi, cuttings mizu ikhoza kuikidwa mu miphika.

Timapereka kuwonera kanema pa kutulutsidwa kwa ampelous pelargonium:

Ampel pelargonium - ndithudi maluwa okongola. Iye ndi woposerapo pang'ono, koma mwiniwake wokonda mavuto onse ndithu adzamupatsa mowolowa manja maluwa ambiri.