Zomera za Berry monga mphesa zikufalikira ponseponse m'nyumba zapanyumba za chilimwe. Ambiri amayesetsa kulima tebulo ndi mitundu yodzikongoletsera yokha kupanga mavinyo opangidwira. Koma nkhaniyi si yokhudza izi. Tidzakambirana za momwe tingabzalitsire mphesa pazomwe timapanga mbande popanda thandizo m'chaka.
Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa kubzala kwa kasupe
Nthawi yamadzinja ndi yabwino koposa kubzala mbewu zonse za m'munda, koma nthawi zambiri zimapezeka m'chaka. Ufulu wa voti yoyamba ndi yanu, ndipo tidzasanthula ngati kuli kofunika kubzala mphesa pansi pa masika. Ndipo timapita nthawi yomweyo kumbali zabwino ndi zolakwika za chochitika ichi.
Chofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti chitsamba m'nyengo yachilimwe chili ndi nthawi yoti azidziŵa bwinobwino malo okhazikika, ndizokwanira kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu zowonjezera kuti muzitha kupulumuka ku wintering yoyamba. Simukusowa kudandaula za sapling ndi kuganizira momwe mungabisire ku chisanu. Ndikofunika kukonzekera ntchito musanadzale mphesa. Dulani ndi kuthira nthaka ndikukonzekera dzenje kuti muzitha kumera mvula. Momwemonso mudzathandizira nthaka kuti iwonjezere kubereka kwake, ndipo izi zidzakhudza moyo wa mphesa. Ambiri a mphesa pambuyo pa nyengo yoyamba ikukula, mwa mawonekedwe a mbande ali okonzeka kubala chipatso m'chaka chachiwiri. Mukafika pa kugwa kudzachitika chaka chimodzi. 
Spring ndi nthawi yotere ya chaka pamene n'kosavuta kuwerengera nthawi yoyendera. M'dzinja, chisanu chikhoza kugunda mosayembekezereka, chomwe sichikhoza kuwononga mbewu zokha, komanso kuimitsa nthaka, yomwe posachedwa idzakhala yosayenera kulima. Ambiri ogwiritsa ntchito vinyo omwe akungoyamba kumvetsetsa zofunikira zazamisiri, chomera mphesa m'chaka. Ndi kosavuta kusamalira mbande, ndipo zimatsimikizira kuti apulumuka pamwamba.
Komabe, kubzala mphesa mu kasupe ndi mbande zili ndi maonekedwe omwe angakhudze kusintha kwa chisankho chanu pofuna kubzala. Kawirikawiri kumapeto kwa nyengo, mphesa zomwe sizinakhale zowonjezereka sizikhala ndi chinyezi chokwanira, kotero mudzakhala ndi mavuto owonjezera nthawi ndi madzi okwanira. Chomera chatsopano chimatungira madzi bwino, ndipo popanda icho chingathe kuuma.
Mu kasupe, zidzakhala zofunikira kukumba nthaka bwino ndikuipera iyo yakale ya utuchi, moss kapena humus. Kubzala msanga kumakhudza kwambiri mbewu za mphesa, zomwe zimapangitsa kugonjetsedwa kwa matenda osiyanasiyana a fungal. Mbewu yabwino ingagulidwe kokha mu kugwa, ndipo m'chaka chiri ndi mwayi wosapezako mitundu yosiyanasiyana kapena kuyambira pa ntchentche kapena zouma.
Mukudziwa? Tili ndi zikondwerero zoterezi, patsiku la Chaka Chatsopano, pa nthawi yotsekemera, muyenera kutsegula masewera, kutsanulira mu magalasi, ndikupanga chokhumba, kumwa. Koma ku Portugal ndi ku Spain, zonse zimasiyana. Mmalo mwa champagne, mphindi imodzi asanafike Chaka Chatsopano, anthu amadya mphesa, pamene akupanga zofuna 12.
Kubzala mphesa mu kasupe
Ngati mutabzala mphesa pamalo otsegulira kumapeto kwa nyengo, ndiye kuti nthaka ikhale yokonzekera kugwa. Ngati izi sizigwira ntchito, musazengereze kumayambiriro kwa masika, kuti mphesa zikhale ndi miyezi iŵiri kuti zithetse nthaka, zikanike chinyezi ndi zakudya zamtundu.
Kodi kusankha mbande kubzala mphesa mu kasupe
Pamene kugula mbande, mosamala kuyendera iwo chifukwa cha kusowa kwa matenda ndi zizindikiro za tizilombo ntchito, makamaka phylloxera. Choyenera kwambiri chodzala ndi chaka chimodzi. Ayenera kukhala oposa atatu mizu mpaka 12 cm yaitali ndi 3-4 mm wandiweyani. Musanabzala pansi, mbeuyo iyenera kutetezedwa mwachitsulo mu njira yapadera. Zimakonzedwa kuchokera 10 malita a madzi, 400 g dothi komanso 200 g wa hexachlorane. Ngati chodzala chimauma, zilowerereni m'madzi kwa maola 48.
Musanabzala, kamodzinso musamayang'ane mbande ndikuchotsa mizu yoonongeka, komanso yomwe ili pamwamba pa zigawo ziwiri za m'munsi. Mizu yomwe ili pansiyi iyenera kukonzedwa. Siyani maso 4-5 pa mphukira, chotsani zina zonse. Musanadzalemo, chepetsa mizu ya mmera mu manyowa osakaniza - gawo limodzi, pansi - magawo awiri ndi kukula kokondweretsa. Sungunulani chilichonse ndi madzi kuti mukhale osakanikirana.
Kusankha malo okhala
Sikuti aliyense ali ndi mwayi wotenga munda wa maekala 5-10 pansi pa munda. Posakhalitsa, vuto limabwera chifukwa cha momwe mungabzalitse mphesa mu nyengo - zipatso kapena masamba. Choncho, tiyenera kuyang'ana malo osungira malo, pomwe wina akhoza kukula pang'ono. Choyamba ndi chikhalidwe chachikulu cha kukula bwino ndi fruiting ya mphesa ndi kosavuta. Chomerachi n'chosungunuka kwambiri, monga momwe zakhalira kale kuti zikukula bwino m'mayiko akumwera. Ngakhale kuyesetsa kwa obereketsa, ngakhale makamaka kubzala kumpoto kwa mitundu ya mphesa sangathe kuima m'malo othunzi. Choncho, kubzala mumthunzi sikuvomerezeka.
Mphesa zabwino kwambiri zimakhala ngati kuwala kwa dzuwa kudzawala tsiku lonse. Inde, sikukhala kovuta kufotokoza malo oterowo, koma muyenera kuyesa. Apo ayi, zomera sizingapereke kukula kwakukulu ndi kukolola. Kukula kwa shuga ndi kukula kwa mbewu sizingatheke pamene mukukula mumthunzi. Muzitsulo, mukhoza kuchotsa mitengo ina yosokoneza.
Yachiwiri ndi malo. Pewani malo otsika kumene madzi angakhoze kudziunjikira ndi kuphulika kwa nthawi yaitali. Fufuzani malo apamwamba kapena adzipange nokha. Malo omwe mazira ambiri a mtengo wa mphesa sayenera kukhala nawo nthawi yayitali. Chotsaliracho ndi pansi. Palibe chifukwa choti musankhe. Ngati dothi silili loyenera kuti likhale la mphesa, ndiye kuti mutabzala mbande njira yokhayokha ndiyo dzenje lakudzala. Tiyenera kuyesetsa kupeza chomera chonde, cholemera mu salus ndi mineral salts, osakhala ndi asidi osalowererapo, mpweya wokwanira wabwino komanso mphamvu yogwira chinyezi.
Mukudziwa? Kalekale, kusonkhanitsa mphesa kunali koopsa kuchita kuti kunali koyenera kuti oyitanitsa mabulosi amitundu ayambe kupanga chifuniro ndikuyamba ntchito. Chinthuchi ndikuti mipesa yaitali yayingamira pamitengo ikuyandikana nawo, yomwe pamapeto pake inauma. Panalibe inshuwalansi ndiye, ndipo mphesa zokoma kwambiri zimakula pamwamba. Ndiye, mu lingaliro lenileni la mawu, zipatso za mphesa zikhoza kuwononga moyo waumunthu.
Tsiku lofika
Mawu ena akamabzala mphesa pamalo otsekera kumapeto kwa nyengo, zimakhala zovuta kuitanira. Pambuyo pake, izi ziyenera kuchitika mu nyengo yozizira, pamene kutentha kwa mpweya sikutsika kuposa 15 ºС, ndipo nthaka yatha kutentha mpaka 10 ºС. Zikatero, zomera za mbande zimapezeka bwino, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mphesa zikhoza kuikidwa kuyambira kumapeto kwa March mpaka kumayambiriro kwa June.
Zambiri zimadalira mmera wosankhidwa. Ndi anthu ochepa okha omwe amadziwa kuti kubzala ndizo mitundu iwiri: mbande zokomera ndi zowuma. Kusiyana kokha ndiko kuti oyambirira ali aang'ono, chifukwa anabzala m'masika ndipo anali ndi nthawi yokha. Kaŵirikaŵiri amagulitsidwa m'zitsulo zing'onozing'ono ndi nthaka yosakaniza. Onetsetsani kuti mupite koyamba kuthamanga ndi masamba. Ayenera kubzalidwa nthawi kuyambira pa May 20 mpaka June 15, chifukwa wakhala ali mu chidebe kuyambira February. 
Zokhumudwitsazo ndi sapling kale atakula pansi, koma anakumba m'nyengo yozizira. Ali ndi mizu yokwanira yokwanira ndipo imakhala ndi impso zake. Ndi bwino kulima kumayambiriro - kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa April mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa May, ndikuyang'ana nyengo ndi mapeto a masiku angapo.
Kukonzekera dzenje
Kukhazikika kwazomwe kulima mphesa kukonzekera kwa nthawi yayitali osati mosavuta. Kuwonjezera apo, kukumba, iyenso iyenera kumera. Miyeso ya dzenje iyenera kukhala 80 cu. onetsetsani kuti pali malo okwanira osati kokha kwa mizu ya munthu wamkulu, komanso feteleza kwa zaka 4 zotsatira.
Pamene mukumba dzenje, patukani dothi la nthaka kukhala milu iwiri: imodzi - pamwamba, ndi ina - m'munsi. Chomera choyamba chimaonedwa kuti ndi chonde kwambiri, choncho chidzayamba choyamba kukumba. Chotsaliracho chiyenera kukhala osachepera 10 cm.Pambuyo pake, onjezerani makilogalamu 40 a manyowa abwino, 500 g wa feteleza yamchere ndi 500 g wa phulusa. Pambuyo pake, nthaka yachonde ya masentimita 10 imadzazidwa kachiwiri, ndipo chirichonse chimasakaniza bwino.
Ndikofunikira! Chifukwa chodzalima mphesa, feteleza zonse sizidzasowa, koma zikafika mu fruiting, mizu yake idzangowonjezera muzonde.Pamwamba kachiwiri kuti mudzaze ndi nthaka yachonde, mpaka pamphepete mwa dzenje simudzakhalabe masentimita 20. Kuti muthe kumvetsetsa bwino momwe mungamere mphesa zopuma m'chaka, tikulangiza kuti muwone vidiyo iyi:
Kubzala mphesa mu kasupe
Konzekerani pasanadze dzenje lodzala, phunzirani malamulo oti mubzala mphesa m'chaka. Pakatikati pake, pangani pang'ono peresenti ya masentimita 40. Musanayambe, muyenera kupereka chithandizo cha nthaka yomwe sikukuopsezani ngati mwakonzeratu dzenje kugwa. Ngati idakumbidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika, pitani mozama mamita masentimita 35, ndipo pa masentimita asanu otsalawo, mbeuyo idzagwa yokha. Pansi pa phokosolo ayenera kupanga mchenga umene ungabzalitse mphesa.
Ndikofunikira! Lonjezerani mmera kuti chithandizo cha kupitiriza mphesa kupitirirabe.Pambuyo pa instillation ya nyemba, madzi madzi ambiri Muyenera kukhala pafupifupi 40 malita a madzi. Pamene mphesa zimabzalidwa kumapeto kwa nyengo, kuti zikhazikike bwino komanso zisamawononge chinyezi mpaka nthaka yosakaniza yodzazidwa ndi izo, imaphimbidwa. Pogona ayenera kuchotsedwa pokhapokha atagwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira. Chitsamba chowuma chiyenera kukhala chophimbidwa kapena chophimbidwa ndi nthaka yachonde kapena mchenga kuti apange chitunda.
Ndikofunikira! Mchenga ukhoza kuwonongeka, choncho umayenera kuphimbidwa ndi kufanikizidwa ndi chinachake cholemera.Patatha milungu iŵiri, nyembazo zimadziwika, ndipo zimatha kumasulidwa ku "kundende." Mbeu ya vegetative siigona ndi mchenga, chifukwa ikhoza kuwononga msipu wobiriwira. Iyenera kukhala yokutidwa ndi makhadi okongoletsedwa omwe ali ndi dzenje lakukula pamwamba. Pitirizani kukhala oposa masabata awiri.
Malangizo obzala mphesa mu kasupe
Mukamabzala mphesa mumapiri ndi mapepala, onetsetsani kuti mumadziwa mtundu wa nthaka, njira yobzala idalira. Mwachitsanzo, tikulimbikitsanso kuti tibzala mumchenga mumchenga. Mu dongo ndi nthaka yosavuta yomwe imatenthedwa bwino, pita pamapiri. M'masiku akale iwo amatchedwanso "ogwira ntchito."
Pofuna kuthirira ndi kudyetsa mphesa, mukhoza kuika mabotolo a pulasitiki ndikudula pansi pakati pa mbande. Pakati pa tebulo mitundu yonseyi, mabotolo amafunika kuwongolera ndi mapaipi a asibesitosi. Pankhani ya mitundu ya tebulo, pambuyo pa zaka zitatu, palibe chomwe chingakhazikitsidwe. Chomera chachikulu chokulitsa vinyo chiyenera kusinthidwa ndi madzi omwe amachoka pa nthaka. Kutalika kwa mizu yakuya kumakhudza mwachindunji ubwino wa zokolola, ndipo motero, vinyo.
Mukudziwa? Mphesa ndi chizindikiro cha Armenia. M'Baibulo muli kutchula kuti Nowa anayamba kukula kumeneko. Ngakhale asayansi amatsimikizira kuti mitundu yoyamba yamphesa inayamba ku Caucasus, Turkey ndi Iran.Mukangogula mitundu yosawerengeka, musafulumire kubzala mphesa pamalo osatha m'chaka. Aloleni iwo akule mpaka mabhulasi oyambirira akuwonekera kusukulu; zidzakhala zosavuta kuwaphimba kumeneko. Anthu ena ogulitsa vinyo sadzalima mbande pang'onopang'ono, koma amasungidwa m'magazi apadera theka laikidwa pansi. M'dzinja amanyamula kupita pansi, ndipo kumapeto kwa kasupe amabzalidwa momwe ziyenera kukhalira. Njira imeneyi imayambitsa chomera ku fruiting yapitayi.
Nthawi zonse muzikonzekera malo oti mubzala mipesa, musawabzala okha. Gwirizanitsani mitundu yosiyanasiyana m'magulu oyenerera. Izi ndi zofunika chifukwa nthawi yolowera ndi yosiyana. Mitengo ya vinyo, yomwe ili pakati pa mbande iyenera kukhala 80 masentimita, canteens - kuchokera mamita 1.5, ndi pakati pa mizere ya 2 mpaka 2.5 mamita. Kugululira kuli kofunikanso kwa kucha ndi chisanu. Kotero, zimapangitsa kuti muzisamalire nokha kusamalira zomera, kuthetsa zosafunika kuzibisira ndi kupopera mbewu. 
Mbewu yosamalidwa sayenera kubzalidwa pamtunda. Zomwe zili bwino, ndi bwino kuziyika, ndikuyang'ana pazitali. Apo ayi, kukalamba kwa mpesa kudzakhala kovuta. Patapita nthawi, tumizani ku mizu yanu.
Musaiwale kuti mphesa zimakhala zozizwitsa. Pamene mutsegula mitsempha yobala zipatso, imangirireni pa trellis kapena muyike pamalo osakanikirana. Ndi chisamaliro ichi, mphukira za pachaka zidzakula chimodzimodzi. Ngati muwamangiriza, ndiye kuti mphukira idzakupatsani kukula kwakukulu kokha kuchokera kumaso apamwamba, panthawi yomwe m'munsimu simungakule konse.
Kwenikweni malire kuthirira. Onetsetsani kuti mupange mavitamini aang'ono okha kwa zaka ziwiri. Kuthira kwakukulu, kusungunuka kwa madzi, kupangitsa kugwa. Patangotha sabata isanafike maluwa amayenera kuthirira. Kuthamanga kwambiri kumayambitsa kufalikira ndi kuchepetsa kucha kwa mphesa.
Kusakaniza kungayambitse matenda ambiri. Komanso mphesa zimatumiza masamba osungunuka ndi nthaka yonyowa. Zimalangizidwa kukonza mvula ya mvula pamwamba pa mipesa.
Kudulira mphesa ndikofunikira. Apo ayi, makataniwo adzakula kwambiri, ndipo zipatsozo zidzasweka. Koma m'chaka chodzala mitengo sichifunika, m'pofunika kuchotsa zobiriwira zokhazokha pa mphukira m'dzinja. M'chaka chachitatu, yambani kudula mphukira. Chitani mogwirizana ndi kuphatikiza zinthu zina - mpumulo, dothi komanso chiwerengero cha kutentha kwachangu. Lembani manotsi, omwe masamba ake amakula kukula fruiting mphukira.
