Kulima bwino adyo monga bizinesi: phindu, mapulani ndi maluso olima

Bzinthu bizinesi ndi njira yeniyeni yopezera ufulu wopezera ndalama. Kawirikawiri, oyamba amalonda alibe ndalama zokwanira zoyambira. Choncho, chikhalidwe chachikulu choyamba bizinesi ndi kupezeka kwa ndalama kuyambitsa bizinesi.

Kukula adyo ngati ntchito pa mtengo wotsika ndizoyambika kwa ntchito zomwe sizikusowa ndalama zofunikira komanso zimapindulitsa kwambiri. Kuti mupeze ntchito yabwino komanso phindu lalikulu, muyenera kuphunzira za sayansi ya ulimi ndikulima zomwe mukupanga.

Ubwino ndi zovuta

Kuipa:

• pa nthawi yoyamba ndi zovuta kupeza wodalirika wogulitsa mbewu;
• kufunika kwa kulima nthaka ndi umuna;
• Kukula kwa nyengo yachisanu mitundu ya adyo idzafuna nthaka ndi mchenga;
• Ngati palibe wogulitsa ambiri, pangakhale mavuto ndi malonda.

Ubwino:

• kutchuka kwambiri kwa mankhwalawa pakati pa anthu;
• mpikisano pang'ono;
• zosavuta;
• kuthekera kwa kukula mu dera laling'ono;
• Sitikufunikira;
• kuchuluka kwa ndalama zoyamba;
• Poyamba ntchitoyi, palibe chidziwitso chapadera chofunika.

Thandizo! Pamene mukukula adyo, zimalangizanso kuti muzilima masamba ndi anyezi.

Zowonjezera zokolola za 1 ha ndi mahekitala 1 ku Russia

Kodi ndi makilogalamu angati omwe angakhululuke mahekitala 1 ndi kuchuluka kotani komwe angatenge kuchokera ku mahekitala imodzi kuti agulitsidwe? Ngati zipangizo zamakono zaulimi zikuwonetsedwa, kukolola adyo pafupifupi matani 13 kumapezeka hekitala imodzi ya nthaka, choncho, kuchokera ku hekita 1 zipatso zimakhala 130 kilograms.

Zofunika zakuthupi

Pofuna kukonzekera dothi la maekala 20, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma ruble 6,000. Malinga ndi ndondomekoyi, izi zimaphatikizapo kulima, kuvuta, komanso kukonzekera nthaka mwachindunji kubzala. Mtengo wa kubzala udzakhala pafupifupi 20,000, popeza utenga makilogalamu 200 kuti afesedwe pamalo okwana maekala 20 (pamtengo wa ruble 100 pa kilogalamu ya mbewu).

Kukonzekera dothi kudzafuna matani 8 a fetereza - peat kapena humus. Pa izi muyenera kulipira mabiliketi 25,000.

Kusungirako katundu wamakula ndi kotheka.:

1. mu nyumba yamaiko omwe alipo kale.
2. zomangamanga zosungirako za adyo.

Ndalama zonse zopanga bizinesi molingana ndi dongosolo lokonzekera ndi pafupifupi 90,000 rubles. Koma pokhala ndi nyumba yokonzekera yokonzedweratu yosungiramo adyo, kumanga nyumba yosungiramo katundu sikufunikanso. Ngati pali malo abwino a nthaka omwe ali oyenera kukulitsa anyezi, zimatheka kuchepetsa fetereza. Zinthu izi zingachepetse kwambiri kuchuluka kwa ndalama zoyamba kupanga.

Kupindula

Poganizira kuti zokolola zambiri pa hekita ndi matani 13 a zomaliza, kodi adyo angapezeke bwanji maekala 20? Pankhani iyi, kuchokera mahekitala 20, mukhoza kuyembekezera pafupifupi matani 2.5 a adyo, chifukwa cha pafupifupi 25,000 rubles, omwe ali ndi mtengo wamagulu wa ruble 50 pa kilogalamu.

Kodi ndi zopindulitsa kuti tigulitse malonda ambiri?

Kodi ndi phindu lotani limene lingapezeke ku kulima mafakitale kunja? Boma ili lingathe kutchulidwa kuti likulonjeza komanso kukhala ndi ndalama zambiri zobwerera. Ichi ndi chifukwa chofunika kwambiri kwa mankhwalawa kuchokera kwa anthu. Ngati mukufuna kuyamba malonda a adyo, ndiye kuti pali chifukwa chabwino choyamba bizinesi bwinobwino..

Katswiri wamakono opanga malonda pa mafakitale

Akufunsa momwe angamere adyo pa mafakitale, mlimi wolakalaka ayenera kupanga ndondomeko yowonjezera malonda kuti athetsetse lingaliro la bizinesi kuti likhale ndi moyo.

Kusanthula kwa msika

Garlic ndizofunika kwambiri pakati pa anthu. Mukakulira palimodzi pa mafakitale ndi muchuma chochepa chaulimi, malonda a mitundu iwiri ndi otheka:

• Kumsika. Ndikoyenera kubwereka gawo laling'ono la kugula, mwachitsanzo, mumsika wamsika.
• Icho. Izi zidzafuna kukhazikitsidwa kwa ojambula ndi ogula ambiri.

Kusankha mtundu wa malonda a malonda makamaka kumadalira voliyumu.

Kubwezera kwa bizinesi iyi ndi 1 nyengo!

Chiwerengero cha ndalama

Kuwonjezera pa zomwe zili pamwambapa ndalama (kubzala, kukonzekera nthaka ndi feteleza), Ndikofunika kulingalira zina zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito za malonda akulima:

1. lendi kugwiritsira ntchito nthaka;
2. ndalama;
3. malipiro kwa ogwira ntchito ngati akadakopeka;
4. mtengo wogula ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo;
5. malipiro a zotsatsa malonda.

M'dera lililonse la Russia, mitengo ya ntchito zowonongeka ndi yosiyana ndipo imatha kusiyana kwambiri.

Kusankha kachitidwe ka msonkho

Pakuumba bungwe la ulimi, choyamba muyenera kulemba. malinga ndi ndondomeko yakhazikitsidwe, kuti tipeŵe kuphwanya malamulo omwe alipo tsopano. Boma lanu liyenera kulembedwa, makamaka ngati likukula m'mafakitale.

Pamene mukukula malonda m'zinthu zamakampani akuluakulu, mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri a ntchito adzakhala LLC. Kampani yowonjezera ngongole ndi kampani yamalonda yomwe imakhazikitsidwa ndi bungwe limodzi kapena mabungwe angapo alamulo ndi / kapena anthu omwe, omwe likulu lawo lapatsidwa ligawidwe. Anthu a kampaniyi sali ndi udindo pazochita zawo ndipo amaika chiopsezo chotayika chokhudzana ndi ntchito za kampaniyo, phindu la magawo awo kapena magawo omwe ali mu likulu lovomerezeka la kampaniyo.

Oyamba amalonda Maonekedwe abwino kwambiri opanga zokolola adzakhala famu yaulimi (KFH) - kufika pa 1 ha ya nthaka kapena monga munthu wochita malonda (PI).

Mitundu ya msonkho:

• munda wakulima - potsatira msonkho umodzi waulimi (UAT);
• wochita malonda - yowonjezera misonkho yothetsera msonkho (USN).

Misonkho ya msonkho ndi yofanana kwa mitundu yonse ya kulembetsa. Polemba, gwiritsani ntchito code OKVED code.1.13 "kulima mbewu zamasamba, masamba a anyezi ndi tuber, monga: kaloti, beets tebulo, turnips, adyo, anyezi (kuphatikizapo shallots), maekisi ndi zina zamasamba." Nthawi yolembetsa ndi mwezi umodzi.

Zolondola za zochita zolembetsa za IP:

1. Kusonkhanitsa zolemba (zolembera kuti boma lilembedwe ngati munthu wodzigulitsa payekha (Fomu P21001); papepala ya chiphaso; kulandira malipiro a boma ntchito).
2. Kulembetsa boma kwa munthu payekha monga amalonda amachitika ku boma la msonkho pamalo ake okhala, ndiko kuti, pa malo olembetsa osonyezedwa pasipoti. Ngati palibe malo olembetsera pasipoti, ndiye kuti kulembetsa kwa mabizinesiyo kungapangidwe muulamuliro wa msonkho pamalo omwe akukhalamo.
3. Kutumiza zikalata ku ofesi ya msonkho. Zikhoza kusamutsidwa mwachangu kapena kutali ndikupita kukayendera.
4. Mwa munthu kapena kudzera mwa wothandizira. N'zotheka kutulutsa zikalata m'zipatala zambiri - mwa munthu kapena kudzera mwa woyimilira.
5. Kulandila kwa zikalata mu ulamuliro wa msonkho.
6. Kulandila ndi munthu wa zikalata pa zolembera za boma.
7. Ngati zolemba zonse zilipo, atatha antchito atatu, pepala lolemba la EGRIP laperekedwa kwa wopempha.

Maofesi angapezeke mwachindunji kapena kupyolera mwa woimira mphamvu yodziwika.

Ndiyeso iti yomwe mungasankhe?

Makamaka mitundu ya adyo ndi:

• chaka;
• nyengo yozizira

Zima adzi amalekerera ndi kutentha, ali ndi zokolola zambiri, anyezi wamkulu ndi kukoma kwabwino. Kufika kwake kumapangidwa kuyambira nthawi ya September mpaka October. Mitundu yowonjezera komanso yodzipereka kwambiri:

• Skiff;
• Wapulumutsidwa;
• Pluto;
• Mchiritsi;
• Garkua;
• Yophukira;
• Polessky;
• Ryazhsky;
• Lyubasha.

Spring mitundu ya adyo ndi yabwino yokha kumera kum'mwera madera a Russian Federation, monga iwo osalekerera ndi otsika yozungulira kutentha. Izi zimapangitsa chiopsezo cha mbeu kuti zisadzafike kutentha.

Wapamwamba kwambiri-ololera mitundu ya kasupe adyo:

• Yelenovsky;
• Kledor;
• Fungo

Kufotokozera za maulendo

Nthaka pansi pa adyo chikhalidwe ayenera kuthiridwa ndi chonde. Ntchito yofunika kwambiri yomwe imawonetsedwa ndi dera lakuunikira. Garlic amapereka zokolola zabwino kwambiri akakula mu nyengo yotentha, zomwe zimathandizanso kuteteza mbewu ku zotsatira za nyengo zovuta. Kuwonjezera mchenga kunthaka kumakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madziwo asungidwe.

Zida zofunika

Ndi zochepa zochepa, kupezeka kwa makina aulimi sikofunika. Koma mutakula mu mafakitale, mafakitale a njirayi ndilofunikira. Zikatero muyenera kukhala ndi zipangizo zotsatsa:

1. mlimi;
2. thirakitala;
3. chithunzithunzi;
4. njira yothirira;
5. makina okolola adyo.

Kugula kwa zipangizo zapamwambazi kudzagula madola 5,000,000. Mukamachita bizinesi m'mudzi wakumidzi wakumidzi, zida zapamwamba sizifunikanso, komabe ziyenera kugulidwa zipangizo zamaluwa zokhala ndi makasitomala pafupifupi 20,000.

Tikufika

Zingakhale zothandiza kwambiri kudzala nyengo yozizira ya adyo. Iyenera kukhala itadutsa masiku makumi anai isanayambe kusamba kwa chisanu. Nthawi yabwino ndi September -October.

Angagwiritsidwe ntchito kubzala:

• mpweya wa mpweya (bulbu wa muvi);
• sevok (bulb single-bulb);
• chovala chimodzi cha mutu.

Zimalimbikitsidwa kuti mbeu isinthidwe zaka zitatu zilizonse, zomwe zimapangitsa kupewa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya adyo. Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito kubzala sevka kapena clove imodzi ya adyo, chifukwa babu idzapereka mbewu kokha pambuyo pa zaka ziwiri. Mtengo wa mbewu yofunikira umadalira kuchulukitsa kwa kubzala ndi zosiyanasiyana, koma ndi 600-1,500 kg / ha.

Tikukupemphani kuti muwone vidiyo yokhudza kubzala lalikulu la adyo:

Chisamaliro

Kuthirira

Pakati pa April ndi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa July, adyo amatsanulira kamodzi pa sabata.. Mu nyengo yamvula, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa mbali kapena ngakhale kwathunthu. Pokhala ndi mvula yambiri mu mizere, amapanga madzi akumwa kuti asamakhale ndi chinyezi kwambiri m'nthaka. Chimene chingachititse kuwonongeka kwa mababu.

M'nyengo yozizira chilimwe adyo ayenera kuthirira masiku asanu ndi atatu. Kuthirira kumayenera kuchitika motero kuchokera pa malita 5 mpaka 10 a madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mita iliyonse ya masentimita. Pa nthawi yowuma, mlingo wa madzi wothirira umaloledwa kuwonjezeka kufika 12-15 malita.

Chenjerani! Ndibwino kuti asiye kuthirira adyo 3 milungu isanakwane.

Chithandizo cha dothi

Pambuyo mvula yambiri, nthaka imatha kutuluka pamtunda, kuteteza kuti mpweya upite ku mizu ndi kuwonongeka kwa kukula kwa babu. Mvula ikadzatha, m'pofunika kuchita zinthu zosasuntha (3-5cm). Zimathandiza kuti nthaka isinthe. Ndikofunika kuti muzimasula kuti musamawononge mababu.

Kupaka pamwamba

Ndibwino kuti pachiyambi cha kukula nyengo 2 feteleza wa adyo mbewu ndi nayitrogeni feteleza ndi nthawi ya milungu iwiri. Zima ndi kasupe adyo ndi umuna mu mphindi ziwiri pambuyo kuoneka wochezeka mphukira (April-May).

Kuvala kavalidwe kumagwiritsanso ntchito njira ya slurry (1:10), zitosi za mbalame (1:20). Phosphorus-potaziyamu feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi yobzala adyo. Chotsatira chake ndicho kuyamwa mbeu mu njira zothetsera feteleza musanadzalemo, izi zimapangitsa kuti kumera kwa 20%.

Feteleza m'nthaka ziyenera kuchitika kokha mutatha kuthirira kapena mvula.

Tikukupatsani inu kuti muwone kanema yokhudza kudyetsa adyo:

Pa malamulo oyang'anira adyo, tinalemba m'nkhani zathu.

Kukolola

Garlic amakololedwa pambuyo pa masamba onse kutembenukira chikasu. Ntchito yoyeretsera iyenera kuchitika nyengo yadzuwa. Pambuyo kukolola mababu, amafunika kuumitsidwa panja, kudula zimayambira ndi mizu, kuti apange. Kugulitsa mbewu ndi kotheka:

• mu intaneti ya masitolo;
• M'makampani akudyetsa;
• pamsika;
• ena ogulitsa ambiri.

Matenda

Matenda aakulu a adyo ndiwo:

1. adyo peronospora;
2. downy mildew;
3. bakiteriya zowola;
4. adyo khosi zowola;
5. black moldy adyo zowola.

Pofuna kulimbana ndi matenda a adyo, pali zokolola zosiyanasiyana zamagulu. Ndikofunika kuzindikira momwe matendawa akuyambira pachiyambi, zomwe zidzasunga mbewu.

Tikukupatsani inu kuti muwone kanema pa matenda a adyo:

Zikhoza kuthetsa mavuto

Vuto lalikulu pa ntchitoyi ndi kusowa ndalama pa gawo loyamba la ntchito. Pokhala ndi ndalama zokwanira zachuma, bizinesi yakukula adyo sikubweretsera mavuto alionse.

Kukula adyo ndi ntchito yopindulitsa komanso yolipira. Zingayambike pazinthu zaumwini, komanso m'madera akuluakulu. Komanso, kulima adyo kungayambe popanda zokolola.