Kodi mbatata pansi pa mulch, ndi zipangizo ziti zomwe zimayenera kuti kubzala ndi momwe angachitire?

M'nkhalango kapena m'mphepete simungathe kupeza malo opanda kanthu, omwe amadzala ndi masamba osanjikiza ndi akale, udzu wa chaka chatha. Choncho chilengedwe chimateteza nthaka kuti isawume m'nyengo ya chilimwe, ndipo achinyamata amakula kuchokera ku kasupe chisanu ndi tizirombo tosiyanasiyana.

Anthu atangoganizira nkhaniyi, anayamba kugwiritsa ntchito luso lachilengedwe pa ziwembu zawo, motero kuwonjezera zokolola za mbewu zina. Nkhumba zowunikira nthawi zina zimachepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito - mbatata sizimasowa namsongole, koma izi sizinapindulitsa zonse zamakono.

Kodi mulching ndi chiyani ndipo ndi chifukwa chiyani chikufunika kwa mbatata?

Zotsatira za kukwera uku ndi:

1. chitetezo cha mbatata kuchokera ku kasupe chisanu (momwe mungapezere zokolola zochuluka za mbatata zoyambirira, mungapeze apa);
2. kufanana kufanana kwa chinyezi;
3. cholepheretsa kukula kwa namsongole;
4. kusungidwa ndi kufalitsa kutentha pansi pa mulch pamwamba, ndipo chifukwa chake, zomera zimakula ndikukula mofulumira.

Ndikoyenera kuzindikira zimenezo nthawi yamvula, mulch imalepheretsa leaching ya chonde chomera kuchokera pa tsamba. Nthawi zambiri sichitha tizirombo.

Mbatata imayankha bwino kwambiri, makamaka ngati dothi liri lolemera ndi loamy m'deralo. Pa dothi la mchenga, mulch ndi wofunika kwambiri, chifukwa imathandiza kusunga chinyezi, ndikukwaniritsa nthaka yosauka ndi feteleza zofunika.

Zida zotsatirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mbatata ya mbatata.:

• udzu kapena udzu wouma;
• peat;
• humus;
• sawdust;
• chiwonetsero;
• masamba a chaka chatha;
• mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makungwa;
• makatoni ndi zina zotero.

Zonse zamakono awa sizothandiza kokha, koma komanso ubwino uliwonse.

Zolinga za njirayi

Chifukwa cha mulching, mukhoza kupeza zotsatira zabwino pakukula mbatata.:

1. Kuchepetsa kutaya kwa chinyontho - izi ndi zoona makamaka ngati sikutheka kukhazikitsa dongosolo la ulimi wothirira. Chipinda cha masentimita 5 cha mulch chingateteze nthaka kuti isawume.
2. Mitundu yomwe ili pansi pa chingwe cha mulch sichitha kutenthedwa, kutentha kwa dzuwa.
3. Chitetezo cha zomera kuchokera ku hypothermia.
4. Pambuyo mvula yambiri, madzi otentha sudzawoneka pansi, choncho tubers idzaperekedwa nthawi zonse ndi mpweya.
5. Mulch imalepheretsa kukula kwa namsongole, izi ndi zoona kwa wamaluwa omwe samakonda kukachezera mbatata zawo.

Pali njira zambiri zowonjezera chiwembucho, choncho alimi onse angasankhe mulch mwa njira zake.

Chotsatira cholowera

Nthaka, musanayike pamtunda, muyenera kukonzekera bwino:

1. udzu umachotsedwa kumalo onse;
2. sungunulani bwino nthaka;
3. kumasula, omwe ayenera kukhala osachepera 5 cm;
4. onetsetsani mchere ndi feteleza;
5. chotsani pamwamba pazitali kwa masiku angapo kuti muthamangitsidwe, kotero kuti mutatha kusinthanitsa nthaka silingamangidwe.

Pa njira zatsopano zotsalira mbatata m'munda, werengani m'nkhaniyi.

Njira

Icho

Mbatata yosakaniza ndi udzu ndi imodzi mwa njira zowonjezera, makamaka pakati pa alimi, popeza kuchuluka kwa zinthuzi kumakhalabe m'minda nthawi ya kugwa. Ngakhale maudzu angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mulch. Sikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala atsopano; udzu womwe sunabwerere kuyambira nthawi yapitali. Udzu ukhoza kukhala wochokera ku chikhalidwe chirichonse.

Udzu kapena udzu uyenera kukhala wouma. Mbewu yatsopano yofesa siigwira ntchito, siyilola mpweya, kuphatikizapo matenda a fungal adzakhala pansi pake.

Malangizo ndi Gawo:

1. Gwiritsani nthaka ndi alimi ndikudula mizere pamtunda wa masentimita 60 kuchokera mzake.
2. Place tubers mu mizere 30 cm masitepe.
3. Phimbani mundawu ndi chigawo cha mulch - 20 cm.
4. Mwamsanga zikamera ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 6 kuonekera, ziphimbe iwo ndi chigawo chachiwiri cha udzu pa masentimita 15.

Udzu umakhalabe pa tsamba mpaka m'dzinja. Muzochitika izi, kusakaniza kwina sikukufunika - kupalira ndi kukwera. Ngati mukufuna, mukhoza kupanga chakudya cha foliar. Choncho kuti udzu usasunthike ndi mphepo, umaphimba pang'ono ndi dziko lapansi.

Mafilimu

Mbatata yosakaniza ndi zojambulazo ndi njira yabwino yotetezera zomera ndi nthaka kuchokera ku mvula yachisanu kumadera ozizira a dzikolo, popeza kutentha kwa dziko lapansi pansi pa filimuyi kudzakhala madigiri 2-3.

Ndondomeko yothandizira pang'onopang'ono.:

1. Nthaka yokonzedweratu ili ndi filimu yakuda kumapeto kwa April, pamene namsongole akuyamba kukula. Mphepete mwa zinthu zomwe zili ndi dziko lapansi kapena kuyika chimango chapaderadera kuti asawonongeke.
2. Mukangobwera nthawi yopanga tubers pa filimuyi, muzidula pansi, pamalo omwe mbewuzo zimayikidwa.
3. Tengani mbatata ndi madzi bwino.

Pali njira ziwiri zomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito kanema.:

• yoyamba - imakhala pansi kufikira yokolola;
• wachiwiri - imachotsedwa pambuyo pakuwoneka koyamba.

Peat

Peat ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri chogwiritsira ntchito mchere, chifukwa chimakhala ndi malo osungira chinyezi, komanso kuti zikhale zodzaza ndi nthaka.

Chenjerani! Si mitundu yonse ya peat yomwe ili yoyenera kuti izi zitheke, mwachitsanzo, ngati zakuthupi zatsopano kapena zouma, zikhoza kuwononga zomera.

Malangizo ndi Gawo:

1. Nthaka yokonzedweratu yokhala ndi wosanjikiza wa peat kuposa 2-3 masentimita ndipo mopepuka kukwapula.
2. Nkhumba zimadulidwa kuti mbatata zimabzalidwa.
3. Thirani gawo lachiwiri lazinthu - 5 masentimita, mu nkhani iyi sikoyenera kuimitsa.

Ubwino wa njira imeneyi ndizo palibe chofunika cha zokometsera, weeding ndi hilling mbatata.

Hog

Humus mulching - mtundu uwu wazinthu ungagwiritsidwe ntchito mopanda mantha kuvulaza zomera.

Malangizo ndi Gawo:

1. Konzani dothi mwa njira yamba.
2. Kubzala mbatata, ngati nyengo yowuma, ndiye kuti dera liyenera kuyamwa.
3. Ikani humus pamwamba pa 10-15 masentimita.

Njira yokhayo ya njirayi ndi yakuti mumasowa humus ambiri. Humus ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa mavitamini ndi zomera., imakhalabe ndi chinyezi, imalepheretsa kukula kwa udzu, ndipo nthawi yomweyo imachotsa mabakiteriya ambiri. Kompositi ndi yabwino kwa mtundu uwu.

Musaiwale kuti humus imadzaza ndi nayitrojeni, ndipo ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito pa nthaka ya mafuta, chifukwa padzakhala kukula kwa nsonga. Ndipo izi zikhoza kulepheretsa mapangidwe a tubers.

Chiwombankhanga

Kuphatikizana ndi utuchi - njira yowonjezera komanso yotchuka kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kumpoto kwa dzikoli. Pansi ofunda pogona ya utuchi, mbatata zimamera mofulumira ndipo sizowola, monga utuchi amachita monga absorbent.

Ndondomeko yothandizira pang'onopang'ono.:

1. Musanapese nthaka ndi utuchi, imakonzedwa - udzu ndi madzi.
2. Chotsatira ndi kubzala mbatata pansi.
3. Mitundu yomwe imatuluka pansi, mipata imakhala ndi makatoni, ndipo zouma zouma zimatsanulidwa pamwamba ndi wosanjikiza wa 5-10 masentimita.

Chifukwa cha njira iyi, sitifunikira kusamalira malowa, koma ndi bwino kukumbukira kuti utuchi sungakhale feteleza ndipo ndikofunikira kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza musanadzalemo mbatata.

Ndikofunikira! Musagwiritse ntchito utuchi woumba wonyezimira kuti ukhale wambiri, iwo amawomba ndi kuyamba kugaya, motero salola kuti mpweya uziyenda mpaka mizu ya mbewu.

Zolakwitsa zotheka

Sakanizani zolakwika zomwe amalimi amapanga pamene akugwedeza:

• Ambiri wamaluwa amalimbirira ndi udzu kumayambiriro kasupe - izi sizothandiza kuchita. Zoona zake n'zakuti pobisala udzu dziko lapansi limathamanga mofulumira - limasonyeza kuwala kwa dzuwa. Choncho, musanaphimbe nthaka ndi mfundoyi, muyenera kuyembekezera mpaka itatentha kwambiri.
• Pogwiritsira ntchito filimuyi, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti sizimalola kuti mpweya ndi madzi zidutse, choncho, pambuyo pa kumera kwa mbatata, ziyenera kuchotsedwa pamtengowu, kapena mpweya ukuyenera kupangidwa. Chinthu china ndi agrofibre, chomwe chimapangitsa chinyezi ndi kuwala, sizingathetsedwe musanakolole.
• Ng'ombe kapena udzu ukamagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mulch ayenera kukhala zouma, mwinamwake mbatata adzagunda phytophthora.
• Ambiri amaluwa amaganiza kuti sikoyenera kuthirira madzi osokoneza bongo, koma izi siziri choncho (kuti mudziwe nthawi yothirira mbatata, werengani apa). Ngati pali youma, yotentha chilimwe, ndiye kuti ndikofunika kuthirira nthaka, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri sichitha.
• Peat ndi chinthu chabwino cha mbatata, koma pali vuto lowononga zomera ngati mugwiritsa ntchito zolakwikazo. Kwa mulch, amangotenga zokhazokha kapena zochepetsetsa, ziyenera kukhala zowuma ndi zosasunthika.
• Amaluwa ena sapitiriza kukhala ndi mulch.

Kulimbitsa thupi ndi njira yabwino yokhalira mbatata popanda vuto, chinthu chofunika ndikupanga njirayi molondola.

Kutsiliza

Ndikofunika kunena zimenezo Mulch ndi njira yabwino yopangitsa kuti moyo wanu usakhale wovuta m'chilimwe. Kutetezera dzikolo ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana kumathandiza wolima minda kuti azikolola bwino molimbika. Palibe chifukwa chokhalira kupuma kwa mbatata, hilling ndi kuthirira.