Pakuti okonda oyambirira kukolola - mbatata "Bryansk zokoma": kufotokoza zosiyanasiyana ndi makhalidwe

Mbatata ya Bryansk zokoma - zosiyanasiyana zodabwitsa komanso zokondweretsa zomwe zidzakondweretsa okonda mbatata zoyambirira.

Sichimvetsetsa matenda, mwamsanga komanso pamodzi ndi zizindikiro za tubers. Sungani bwino yosungidwa, yogulitsidwa kapena yogulitsa mafakitale.

Mndandanda wa tsatanetsatane wa zosiyana, zikuluzikulu zake, zida zaulimi ndi zithunzi zingapezekanso m'nkhaniyi.

Kuphika kwa mbatata Bryansk: kufotokoza zosiyanasiyana

Zizindikiro

Mbatata zosiyanasiyana Bryansk zokoma zimatanthauzira pakati pa tebulo lakumayambiriro. Kukonzekera kuli bwino, malingana ndi nyengo ndi chakudya chamtundu kuchokera ku mahekitala 1, mukhoza kusonkhanitsa mbatata yosankhidwa kuyambira 160 kufika 300.

Chiwerengerochi chinalemba zokolola - mazana atatu pa hekitala. Mbatata yokolola amasungidwa bwino, kwa nthawi yaitali popanda kutaya makhalidwe abwino. Kutalika kwautali wamtali kotheka.

Mitengo ndi ya sing'anga kukula, m'malo mocheperako, ndi zobiriwira zambiri. Masamba ndi aakulu, amdima wobiriwira, ali ndi mitsempha yochepa kwambiri ndipo amapezeka bwino mitsempha.

Corollas ndi ochepa kwambiri, osonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku maluwa oyera, ang'onoang'ono, ogwa mofulumira. Berry mapangidwe ali otsika. Mzuwu ndi wamphamvu, 12-15 osankhidwa tubers amaoneka pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse.

Ndipo mu tebulo ili m'munsimu mukhoza kuona zomwe zimapereka komanso kuchuluka kwa malonda a tubers mu mitundu ina ya mbatata:

Kubzala chisamaliro ndi kophweka. Mbatata amasankha dothi lachonde lachonde ndi mchenga wambiri kapena nthaka yakuda.

Tizilombo tifunika kubzalidwa nthaka ikapsa, nthawi zambiri mapiri amafunika, kuthirira moyenera kumalimbikitsidwa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imayankha bwino kumwamba, kuvala kwa mineral complexes ndi organic matter n'zotheka. Kodi ndi nthawi yanji yomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito feteleza, komanso momwe mungachitire mutabzala, werengani nkhani zathu pa tsamba lathu.

Sakani Kulimbana ndi matenda ambiri oopsa: khansa ya mbatata, golidi yoyambira nematode, tsamba lopiritsa kapena kachilombo ka rhizoctoniosis. Ndipo mavuto omwe angathe kukhala ndi kachilombo koyambitsa masamba, tubers kuchokera kochedwa kwambiri amavutika kwambiri.

Mbatata Zili ndi zokoma zosangalatsa. Sichitha ndipo sichida mdima, kudula mawonekedwe abwino komanso zokongola.

Mitundu ya tubers imakhala yophika, yokazinga, yophika, yokongoletsedwa, yogwiritsa ntchito mbatata yosakaniza kapena magawo a fries. Mbatata ndi zabwino kwa mafakitale processing, iwo amapanga kwambiri crispy chips. Zonsezi zimadalira kuchuluka kwa starch mu tubers, zomwe izi zimakhala ndi 15 mpaka 18%.

Kuchuluka kwa starch mu tubers ya mbatata ya mitundu ina:

Chiyambi

Zosiyanasiyana za Bryansk zokoma anagwidwa ndi obereketsa ku Russia. Amatulutsidwa mu boma la boma la Russian Federation mu 2002. Zimaperekedwa ku dera lakutali, koma zimatha kukula m'madera aliwonse ndi nyengo yozizira kapena yotentha.

Mwina mutabzala m'minda yamakampani, kubzala m'minda ndi minda yapayekha. Mbatata ndi yabwino kugulitsa kapena mafakitale processing. Mbewu yazuzi imasungidwa bwino, Mbeu zakuthupi sizingatheke.

Werengani zambiri zokhudza kusungirako mbatata m'nyengo yozizira, mabokosi, potoledwa, m'firiji, komanso nthawi yomwe zili muzinthu zamakono.

Chithunzi

Chithunzicho chimasonyeza Bryansk mbatata zokoma:

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Pakati pa ubwino waukulu mitundu:

• zabwino kukoma kwa tubers;
• kucha msanga;
• Kukolola bwino kusungidwa;
• Chofunika choyenera ndizo mbeu za mizu;
• osati kuonongeka pamene kukumba;
• chokolola chachikulu;
• kuthekera kwa processing processing;
• kukana matenda aakulu.

Zofooka muzinthu zosiyanasiyana sizinayambe.

Zizindikiro za kukula

Musanadzalemo, tubers ayenera kuzifota, zouma, kukonzedwa ndi okulitsa kukula. Kumera kumalo kapena kuwala kwa utuchi kumatonthozedwa.

Musanabzala, dothi limasulidwa, zotsalira zamasamba zimasankhidwa kuchokera mmenemo, zomwe zingakhale malo obereketsa mabakiteriya ndi mphutsi za tizirombo. Kale humus, phulusa la nkhuni kapena pang'ono superphosphate imayambira mu nthaka.

Zitsamba zili pamtunda wa masentimita 30-35 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake, pakati pa mzere wozungulira wa 60-70 masentimita amafunikira. Kuti akhalebe wamba wa chinyezi amatha udzu wambiri. Izi zidzapulumutsa kubzala namsongole ndikuthandiza kulimbana ndi tizirombo.

Kuthetsa mbeu zoyamba zikhoza kukhala kale masiku makumi asanu ndi atatu (45) pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mphukira. M'madera otentha, otentha kwambiri, n'zotheka kudzala mbatata kawiri.

Pa nthawi yomweyi, tubers yomwe idakaliyidwa kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokula imasiyanitsa ndi khalidwe lochepetsetsa, ndibwino kuti muzigwiritsa ntchito chakudya musanafufuze.

Mbatata yokolola iyenera kuuma bwino pamunda kapena pansi pa denga. Mbatata zogulitsidwa zingathe kuikidwa pakangopita kokha atayanika.

Timakulangizani zipangizo zothandiza pa mbatata zina: pansi pa udzu, m'matumba, mu mbiya, teknoloji ya Dutch.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Zosiyanasiyana zokwanira Kulimbana ndi matenda akuluakulu a nightshade. Nthawi zambiri zimakhudzidwa ndi khansa ya mbatata, nkhanambo, golide kwambiri nematode, ndi rhizoctoniosis.

Kupsa koyambirira kumapulumutsa ma tubers kuyambira mochedwa, koma matendawa angakhudze masamba a zomera. Ngati nthendayi, kubzala kungapangidwe ndi zopaka zamkuwa.

Pakuti kupewa tubers kuzifutsa, ndi nthaka asanadzalemo anakhetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda mankhwala. Kuchokera ku miyendo yakuda tchire tating'ono timapulumutsa phulusa.

Werengani mfundo zothandiza za Alternaria, Verticilliasis, Fusarium wilt.

Nsomba zazing'ono zatsopano zimakopera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Nthaŵi zambiri, zomera zimakhudzidwa ndi nyongolotsi za Colorado, nsabwe za m'masamba, akangaude. Kupalira ndi kusakaniza pakati pa mizere ndi udzu kapena udzu kumathandizira kuthetseratu tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kulimbana ndi Colorado mbatata kachilomboka ndi mphutsi zake nthawi zambiri zimakhala vuto lenileni kwa wamaluwa.

Tikukufotokozerani zamndandanda wa zithandizo zamakono zomwe zimatha kuthana ndi vutoli.

Mitundu ya wireworms (mphutsi za kachilomboka) zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa zomera. Kuchokera kwa iye amasunga mbewu yoyendayenda. Zaka 2-3 zaka zokonzera kubzala mbatata ziyenera kusinthidwa. Malo omwe achoka amachotsedwa ndi radish mafuta kapena phacelia.

Mbatata zosiyanasiyana Bryansk Delicacy zimamveka bwino. Tubers ndi chokoma kwambiri ndi okongola, iwo ali oyenera mafakitale processing ndi kukonzekera mbale zosiyanasiyana. Mbewu sizimatha, zimatha kusonkhanitsidwa kwazomwe zidabzala zaka zambiri.

Tikukufotokozerani kuti mudziwe mitundu ina yomwe ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kucha: