Mphesa - m'malo movuta kukula mmera. Koma ngakhale izi ziri gawo lofunika pa nyumba iliyonse ya chilimwe. Posankha zosiyanasiyana zodzala, wamaluwa amatsogoleredwa ndi zambiri.
Wina amakonda kukhala wodzichepetsa, wina amaganizira za kukoma kwa zipatso, ndipo wina akufuna kupeza nthawi yokolola. Tikufuna kuti mudziwe bwino za mitundu yonse ya mphesa yomwe ikuyembekezera nthawi yaitali, yomwe imaphatikizapo makhalidwe onsewa.
Mbiri yobereka
Mphesa zomwe amadikirira kwa nthawi yayitali zinayambira chifukwa cha ntchito ya wosonkhanitsa masewera a VN Kraynov. Chifukwa chodutsa mitundu iwiri yokondedwa kwambiri ya Kalismasi ndi ya Kishmishi Yaikulu, idakhala mitundu yatsopano yoyambirira, yomwe inakhudza makhalidwe abwino a makolo.
Kufotokozera
Fomu yowakanizidwayi imasiyanitsidwa ndi makhalidwe ambiri abwino. Tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino mphesa zomwe amadikirira kwa nthawi yayitali ndikuzimvetsa zofotokozera zosiyanasiyana. 
Mitengo ya mphesa "Zarnitsa", "Nizina", "Novocherkassk's Anniversary", "Kusintha", "Annie", "Blagovest" ndi gulu la zamoyo za V.N. Kraynov.
Shrub
Chitsambachi chikukula ndipo chimakula kwambiri, chimakula mofulumira, mosasamala kanthu momwe mphesa zimabzalidwa: polemba pamodzi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mizu. Chitsamba chingathe kulimbana ndi mphukira 20-25, yomwe ili pafupi ndi maso 33 ndi malo onse okwana 5-6 mamita.
Mabungwe
Masango a mphesa zomwe akhala akudikira kwa nthawi yayitali zimakhala zofanana ndi zazikulu kwambiri, pafupifupi 550 g mpaka 900 g, koma zimakumananso ndi makilogalamu 1.5. Chiwerengero chawo chimatanthauzidwa ngati sing'anga komanso chosasunthika. 
Mitunduyi imakhala ndi mchere waukulu kwambiri kapena wothira mafuta ochuluka kuchokera 8 mpaka 15 g. Zokometsera, minofu ya minofu imakhala ndi kukoma kokoma, khungu lochepa komanso mbewu zochepa.
Ngati pali mafupa mu zipatso, ndizofewa, zodziwika komanso zowonekera. Zipatso zili ndi mthunzi wobiriwira. Maburashi akhoza kukhala pa chitsamba kwa nthawi yaitali. Onaninso kuti mphesa sizikuphulika ndipo zasungidwa bwino.
Mvula yokha ndi mvula yambiri yowonjezera ikhoza kusokoneza maonekedwe awo okongola. Pansi pa nyengo yabwino, zipatso zimasungidwa bwino.
Ndikofunikira! Mphesa Nthawi yaitali kuyembekezera ali ndi shuga wambiri, mpaka 22 peresenti, ndipo acidity yake sichiposa 8 g / l.
Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana
Shrub imayamba kubala mkati mwa zaka zitatu kuchokera nthawi yobzala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti alimi azisangalatsa kwambiri. Koma ichi ndi chimodzi mwa makhalidwe ake abwino.
Pereka
Chimodzi mwa zikuluzikulu za mitundu iyi ya mphesa ndi zokolola zambiri. Zotsatira zabwino zimatsimikiziridwa chaka ndi chaka, ndipo kukhazikikako kungakhale koyenera. 
Nthawi yogonana
Ndikovuta kokhulupirira, koma zipatso za mphesa zomwe zadikira kwa nthawi yayitali mu masiku 100-110. Kale kumayambiriro kwa August, mukhoza kusonkhanitsa zokoma, zokometsera zipatso.
Shrub amatanthauza kubereka koyambirira, komwe kumatsutsana ndi dzina lake. Zimaganizitsa kuti dzina limachokera kudikirira kwa nthawi yayitali kuti zotsatira zake zikhale zogwira mtima pazochita za wobereketsa.
Mukudziwa? Lingaliro la oledzera akuyenera kubwereka bulu. Pambuyo pa chinyamacho chidatulutsa masamba a zomera, zinakhala kuti zizindikiro za zokolola zinakula kwambiri mu chaka chotsatira. Ku Greece, chikumbutso cholemekeza chochitika ichi.
Zima hardiness
Chitsambacho chimalola nyengo yozizira bwino, chisanu mpaka -23 ° C sichiwopsa kwambiri. Izi sizikutanthauza kuti mphesa sizikufunika kuti ziphimbidwe, pokhapokha ngati nyengo yachisanu ikhale yozizira imayenera kupereka malo okwanira, monga agrofibre, ndi tchire tating'ono tomwe tidzakhalamo. 
Ngati mvula yambiri isanafike m'nyengo yozizira, ndiye kuti muyenera kudandaula za chitetezo chodalirika ndikuonetsetsa kuti kuchotsa mpesa kuchokera ku trellis.
Matenda ndi Kutsutsana ndi Tizilombo
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imatengedwa kuti imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Kuopsya kwa matenda a fungal omwe amapezeka ndi mildew ndi nthata ndi ochepa. Koma powdery mildew ingawononge chomera, choncho muyenera kuteteza kale kumayambiriro kwa masika.
Kuti mphesa zikhale zotsutsana ndi matendawa, ziyenera kudulidwa bwino ndikuonetsetsa kuti mpweya wabwino umakhala wotsika kwambiri. Mankhwalawa amawombera kawirikawiri; mitundu yosiyanasiyana si yokongola kwa tizirombozi.
Mukudziwa? Kugwiritsa ntchito mphesa zipatso nthawi zonse kumakhudza ubongo. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti ali ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga ndi fructose, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri mu njirayi.
Malamulo oyambirira oyenera ndi osamala
Ndi bwino kubzala nthaka yosasunthika. Ngati malo amdera lanu ndi dongo, muyenera kuwonjezera mchenga kapena njerwa zosweka pansi, ndipo muwonjezerepo kanthu kena kakang'ono kamene kalipo, manyowa kapena manyowa panthaka yamchenga.
Kuyala maenje ayenera kukhala ochuluka kwambiri, ndi masentimita 90-110 ndi masentimita 60-80. Ndibwino kwambiri, ngati mutha kukonzekera malo oti mutenge kubzala kumapeto, ngati mukukonzekera kubzala, muyenera kuyamba kukonzekera mu miyezi iwiri. Mukangoyamba kudya kudyetsa maenje, bwino ndi mofulumira kutenga mphesa zomwe zadikira kale. Kawirikawiri, kuphatikizapo zinthu zakutchire, superphosphate ndi dothi la munda zimayikidwa pansi pa dzenje.
Kuchuluka kwa feteleza kumadalira kukula kwa nthaka pamalowa, nthawi zambiri kutenga 6-9 makilogalamu a humus, manyowa kapena kompositi ndi 0.2-0.9 makilogalamu a superphosphate. Mphesa amavomerezedwa onse pobzala cuttings, ndi pamene alumikizanitsa.
Chisamaliro chosayenera chiyenera kutengedwa kuti chisamalire chomera. Mofanana ndi mphesa zina zonse, kuyembekezera kwa nthawi yaitali kumafuna kudulira nthawi zonse. Chaka chilichonse kapena m'dzinja, shrub imadulidwa motere kuti zitsulo zosaposa 10 zatsalapo, ndiko kuti, kudulira kwautali kumachitika.
Ogwiritsira ntchito vinyo amalimbikitsa kuti azidyetsa chomeracho ndi phulusa mumtunda, izi zidzathandiza shrub kuti ikhale mizu yabwino, ndipo panthawi ya chilimwe idzapereka shuga wambiri wa zipatso.
Ndikofunikira! Ngakhale kuti ndinu ochepetsetsa a mphesayi, simuyenera kunyalanyaza njira yoteteza kupopera mbewu.
Mbali za mitundu yokula
Zosiyana ndi mphesa zomwe amayembekezera kwa nthawi yaitali zimaphatikizansopo kuti ndibwino kwambiri kudula komanso kugwiritsidwa bwino kwambiri ndi mitundu yambiri ya rootstocks.
Maluwa ndi zomera zogonana ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, choncho njira ya pollination si vuto. Komanso musamawope mtola, maonekedwe a zipatso zochepa kwambiri mumagulu.
Mphesa zomwe akhala akuyembekezera kwa nthawi yaitali nthawi zambiri zimakula kuti azidya mwatsopano, yowutsa mudyo zipatso za amber ndi zodabwitsa zokoma. Chifukwa cha shuga yambiri yapamwamba mungapange vinyo wokonzekera bwino.
Mitundu imeneyi idzakhala yofunika kwambiri m'munda wako wamphesa. Mutha kuyamikira makhalidwe ake onse, monga alimi ambiri achita kale. 
