Masango aakulu a zipatso zoyambirira kucha mphesa "Kusintha" amayamikiridwa ndi wamaluwa ambiri m'madera a Soviet. Ngakhale kuti izi sizinaphatikizidwepo mu State Register, iye wakhala akudziwika kale ndi kutchuka kuti ndi wodzikuza pazochitika khumi za chikhalidwe. Chimene mukufunikira kudziwa kuti mukule pa tsamba lanu mzere wa mitundu yatsopano, komanso momwe mungasamalirire, werengani m'nkhaniyi.
Mukudziwa? Padziko lonse, minda yamphesa imakhala pafupi ndi 80,000 square meters. Mbewu 71% zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga winemaking, 27% - kudya zipatso zatsopano, ndi 2 peresenti yokha - popanga zoumba. Minda yamphesa yayikulu ndi yotchuka ku Spain (11,750 km)²), France (8640 km²), Italy (8270 km²).
Mbiri ya mphesa "Kusintha"
Mphesa "Kusandulika" ndi ubongo wa wobadwa ndi wolima minda kuchokera ku Novocherkassk Viktor Kraynov ndipo kufotokoza kumakhala kofanana ndi mitundu ina ya wolemba - "Victor" ndi "Chikumbutso cha Novocherkassk." 
Pezani kusiyana pakati pawo kungakhale katswiri basi. Mwa anthu, mitundu yonse itatu ya hybrid imatchedwa "Troika Krainova".
Zikudziwika kuti wolemba yekhayo adasankha kuchoka ku zinyama zonse zomwe anazipeza mphesa "Kusintha"kukhala ndi malingaliro a kuyamikira ndi kunyada mu chilengedwe chawo.
Kukoma ndi kukolola kwa brainchild yake kunalandiridwa kuchokera kwa alimi ena ochokera kumadera akumwera ndi nyengo yozizira. 
Kwa zaka 13 za kukhalapo kwake, zamoyozo zayamba mizu m'mapiri a anthu a ku Ukraine, Belarus, Russia, Latvia, ndi Moldova. Koma mwatsoka, sanalandire udindo wa zosiyanasiyana.
Chomwe chinatengedwa ngati maziko a amayi oti apange hybrid anakhalabe chinsinsi; pali chidziwitso chokha chomwe "Kusinthika", "Victor" ndi "Novocherkass Anniversary" adachokera ku mmera umodzi.
Pamodzi ndi mphesa pa webusaiti yanu mudzawona ma currants okongola, nyamakazi, jamu, mapesi a strawberries, blueberries, yoshta, dogwood.
Mafotokozedwe a zamoyo ndi zosiyana siyana
Wosakanizidwa ali pa tebulo la mphesa, lomwe limayesedwa kuti ligwiritsidwe mu mawonekedwe opaka ndi cholinga cha kupambana.
Malinga ndi maonekedwe ake, mitundu yosiyanasiyana imasiyana ndi zipatso zazikulu za pinki ndi chikasu zapangidwe kakang'ono kamene kali ndi pepala lochepa kwambiri lomwe limakhudzidwa ndi kuwala kwa sera. Koma ngati chomeracho chikulima dzuwa, mphesa nthawi zambiri zimataya mtundu wawo wa pinki. Mu kukula, mabulosi amodzi amatha pafupifupi masentimita 4 m'litali ndi 2,5 - 3 masentimita ambiri.
Masango akuluakulu ali ndi zipatso zapadera, masekeli pafupifupi 20 g, ndipo miyeso yake ilipo kuposa masentimita asanu.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti athetse kukula kwakukulu kwa mpesa, wamaluwa amachotsa mphukira ya maso asanu ndi atatu.Mabulosa a mphesa si owopsa, pangani mawonekedwe a conical ndi kulemera pafupifupi 1 makilogalamu pafupipafupi. Ena, makamaka aakulu, olemera - 3-3.5 makilogalamu.
Pofuna kuchapa, haibridi idzatenga masiku 115, ndipo kumadera akum'mwera mungakolole mu sabata yomaliza la July. Zipatso zatulutsa kukoma kokoma, zowawasa pang'ono.
Pafupifupi shuga 20 ga shuga anapezeka m'matumbo awo obiriwira komanso odzola. Ndi chomera chimodzi, pansi pa zokolola zabwino, kuli kotheka kuchotsa makilogalamu 20 a zipatso kawiri pachaka. Mpesa wa mphesa "Kusintha" ukukula mofulumira, wodziwika bwino ndi kukana kuzizira ndi matenda.
Kutenga mwamsanga pamtunda uliwonse, mwamsanga imasinthira pambuyo pakuika. Izi ndi zozizwitsa zokha, osati zowonjezera zipatso.
Mitundu ya mankhwala ndi mitundu
Mtundu wosakanizidwa wa mphesa "Kusintha" sukumvetsetsedwanso, kotero palibe kuunika kwabwino ndi kolakwika. 
Komabe, alimi amayiko ambiri anali ndi maganizo awo pa kulima ndi zipatso za zosiyanasiyana. Mu ndemanga mungathe kumva mphamvu zotsatirazi. chomera chomera:
- zipatso zoyambirira kucha;
- kuthekera kokolola kawiri pa tsiku mu July ndi October;
- kusintha kwabwino pazitsamba za mtundu uliwonse;
- chokhazikika fruiting;
- kukula kwakukulu kwa tchire, mosasamala kanthu za nthaka;
- zabwino transportability mphesa masango:
- zokolola zapamwamba pa zizindikiro za kunja ndi kulawa.
Zina mwazo ndizozizira kuzizira (pamene chisanu chiposa 18 ° C, zomera zimamwalira) komanso zimakhudzidwa ndi matenda a fungal.Zinawonetsanso kuti mphamvu ya mipesa ikhale yoyera, kotero chikhalidwe chimafuna chisamaliro choyenera.
Mukudziwa? Ukrainians samadya mphesa bwino. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa tebulo mitundu yonse ya mbewuyi kwa munthu aliyense silingakwanitse kufika pa kilogalamu imodzi, komanso, chizoloŵezi ndi 8-10 makilogalamu.
Chofunika kuyang'ana pamene mukugula mbande
Kuyala zinthu kumalimbikitsa kugula ku malo apadera, kumene chiopsezo chonyengedwa chichepetsedwa.
Pogula, kumbukirani kuti mmera wa mbeuyo umapanga chitukuko cha mbewu kwa zaka zisanu zotsatira, choncho, mwapadera muyenera kulipira mizu. 
Ayenera kukhala amphamvu zosiyana, zosalala ndi zolimba pamwamba, popanda kukula, kupotoka, abrasions ndi kuwonongeka kwina kulikonse. Onaninso ngati pali mmera chisanu kapena chimbudzi ziwembu.
Ndikofunika kuti mizu ikhale youma. Mukhoza kufufuza izi mwa kukulitsa pang'ono nthambi ya rhizome kapena kupanga incision.
Mtengo watsopano wa mtundu wobiriwira umaonekera pa malo oundana ukuwonetsa kuyenerera kwa zinthu zobzala. Kuchokera ku mbande zoyenera, sankhani omwe ali ndi mizu yoyera yoyera. 
Pakati pa zitsanzo zazitsulo, sankhani zinthu ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 45 ndi rhizome pafupifupi theka la mita. Pa mmera uliwonse ayenera kukhala ndi mphukira imodzi ya masentimita 10.
Kodi kubzala mphesa zopangira
Zokolola za mphesa "Kusintha" makamaka zimadalira kutsatira malamulo odzala.
Kuti chitsamba chikule, chiyenera kubzalidwa pamalo abwino pa nthawi yoyenera. Tiyeni tizimvetse mwatsatanetsatane zizindikiro zowononga mpesa.
Kusankha nthawi ndi malo osankhidwa
Spring - Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yobzala mbewu zosakanizidwa. Maphunziro ayenera kukonzedweratu September, ndi kumsika - ndi kuyamba kutentha kotentha. 
Pofuna kuchepetsa kuopsa kwa matenda a nematode ndi fungal ya zomera, dziko lapansi liyenera kutentha bwino.
Komanso pa nthawiyi ndikofunika kuti mubzalidwe. Mpaka kugwa, chitsamba chotero chidzakula ndi kulimbikitsa mizu yake, zomwe zidzateteza nyengo yabwino yozizira.
Ndikofunikira! Pa chitsamba chirichonse cha kusintha kwa mphesa cholemetsa chovomerezeka chiri mpaka 35 masamba.
Ntchito yokonzekera pawebusaiti
Kukonzekera kasupe kubzala kwa mpesa kumayambira bwino, ngakhale kugwa. Momwemonso, wamaluwa ayenera, panthawiyi, asankhe malo a shrub ndi kukonzekera nthaka kuti imire bwino m'nyengo yozizira.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuchita izi kumapeto kwa nyengo, chifukwa gawoli silikhala ndi nthawi yolimbana nalo, limapanga ming'alu ndi voids ambiri, kumene mizu idzakhala yosasangalatsa. 
Malo abwino osiyana siyana "Kusintha" adzakhala malo otetezedwa ku mphepo, kwinakwake pafupi ndi khoma lakumwera la nyumba kapena mpanda.
Pokonzekera dera losankhidwa, muyenera kupuma 50 x 50 cm ndikulidzaza ndi wosanjikiza nthaka yachonde.
Mipira ya pansiyi imasakanizidwa ndi zigawo zofanana za mtundu wa organic (manyowa a mahatchi kapena zitosi za nkhuku zingagwiritsidwe ntchito) ndi kompositi, komanso supuni ya superphosphate imaphatikizidwa.
Pankhaniyi, fetereza imasakanikirana ndi zinthu zina. Kenaka, ndi chisakanizo pamwamba, chimbudzi chimakumbidwa ndikuphimba ndi pulasitiki kukulunga, kutseka m'mphepete mwake. Kuthirira dzenje sikuvomerezedwa mpaka kubwera.
Mbande kukonzekera
Ngati chinthu chodzala chinagulidwa kale musanabzala, musanayambe kugwira ntchito yolima miyendo, muyenera kuyambiranso kuyang'ana kachilombo ka HIV ndikuonetsetsa kuti palibe akufa komanso malo ovunda. 
Makungwawo ayenera kukhala aakulu, ndipo 2 maso apamwamba - ali bwino. Pa mbande zokhazikitsidwa kuchotsa mphukira zazing'ono, kusiya motalika komanso wamphamvu kwambiri. Amadulidwira maso asanu, ndipo mizu imachepetsedwa ndi masentimita 15.
Pambuyo pake, nyembazo zimayikidwa tsiku lonse m'madzi kuti zikhale zodzaza ndi chinyezi ndipo siziuma.
Amaluwa ena amalangizidwa kuwonjezera njira yothetsera vuto lawo (monga "Kornevin" kapena "Humat"). Bweretsani ntchito yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa malo otsekemera ayenera kukhala mu chidebe chadothi.
Ndikofunikira! Nkhumba yatsopano ndi yosungunuka ndowe kuchokera ku zinyama zina sizayenera kubzala mpesa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mphutsi zambiri zimakhala mmenemo, zomwe zimakula, zimayamba kuluma chomera.
Njira yolowera mofulumira
Mukamabzala mphesa, dzenje lokonzedwa kuyambira autumn liyenera kubwezeretsedwanso, rhizome iyenera kulowetsedwa mmenemo, yowongoka, kuthiridwa ndi kuthiridwa ndi gawo lapansi.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, nkofunika kuti muzitha kumangirira bwino kwambiri kuti muthe kudzaza void yomwe imapangidwa mizu. Pamwamba pa nthaka 2 nyemba ziyenera kuwuka, zokonzedwa ndi nthaka yatsopano pamwamba pawo. Pogwiritsa ntchito mbande yosamalidwa, samalirani malo omwe katemera sanagwidwe. Iyenera kukhala 3 masentimita 4 pamwamba pa nthaka.
Kulima maluwa a mipesa, onetsetsani mtunda pakati pawo m'mipata ya 1 - 1.5 mamita. Pofuna kutsogolera ndondomekoyi, pangani ndondomeko ndi chingwe.
Pambuyo pa mmera uli pansi, onetsetsani kuti muwatsitsimwenso ndikugwedeza thunthu la mtengo.
Izi zimachitidwa pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti zomera zimakhala zotentha komanso zimateteza kutentha kwa madzi. Chitsamba choterocho chidzafulumira kugwirizanitsa ndi zikhalidwe zatsopano ndipo zidzakula mosavuta.
Momwe mungasamalire mphesa
Mphesa "Kusandulika" mu chisamaliro chadzikhazikitsa yokha osati chopanda nzeru komanso choyamikira kwambiri. 
Kuti athandizidwe bwino komanso amapatsa fruiting, amafunikira chinyezi, zakudya m'nthaka, tsitsi lometa bwino, kupewa matenda ndi matenda a tizirombo. Ndipo tsopano pafupi chirichonse mu dongosolo.
Kuchiza ndi chitetezo ku tizirombo ndi matenda
Pakati pa tizilombo tomwe timakonda kudya zipatso za mphesa, choyamba, ndizofunika kuwonetsa mavu. Iwo amadzika mofulumira kupita ku zipatso zokoma ndikudya mabowo mwa iwo.
Masango oterowo amasiya maonekedwe awo ndi kuwonongeka. Mukhoza kuwasunga ku chiwonongeko cha mano okoma awa pochotsa zisa zam'bwalo m'bwalo komanso pafupi ndi gawo. 
Alimi ena amabisa maburashi m'matumba a matope kapena amapanga misampha yapadera yopangidwa ndi nyumba kuchokera m'mabotolo apulasitiki. Konzekerani kuti kulimbana ndi mavuwu ndi nthawi yambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri sichidziwika.
Pofuna kuthetsa matenda a fungal ndi mabakiteriya a mphesa, akatswiri amalangiza njira zothetsera fungicides, Bordeaux osakaniza (1% ndende).
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe angapulumutse munda wanu ku tizilombo: "Actofit", "Omayt", "Calypso", "Inta-vir", "Fitoverm".Analimbikitsa 2 - 3 mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa nyengo. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ndikofunika kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa nthaka chinyezi, kupeŵa ngakhale dothi ladothi lowuma kapena madzi ake.
Mukudziwa? Zinthu zoposa 150 zogwira ntchito komanso pafupifupi mavitamini khumi ndi awiri zapezeka m'mphesa. Komanso, 100 g ya zipatso ndi 65 Kcal.
Kuthirira ndi kukulitsa nthaka
Pamene kuthirira zomera n'kofunikira kwambiri. Mphesa zimakonda chinyezi, koma sizingakhoze kukula m'matope. Choncho, kuthirira nthaka, ganizirani malo a pansi. 
Kuthirira kwabwino kumafunikira kuthengo nthawi yoyamba ya nyengo yokula komanso mpaka maluwa. Pambuyo pake, pamene ovary ayamba kuwonekera, njirayi iyenera kuyimitsidwa, kuyambiranso kuthirira pokhapokha pa chilala chokhalitsa.
Zopindulitsa winegrowers kupanga fosholo dzenje lakuya mu mzere wa chomera kukhetsa madzi owonjezera.
Pofuna kusunga chinyezi, m'chaka ndi m'dzinja nkofunika kubisa nthaka yozungulira mpesa ndi 3 masentimita mulch kuchokera ku humus kapena peat. M'chilimwe, kufunikira kwa mpira wotere kumatha, chifukwa kungayambitse kutentha kwa mizu.
Feteleza
Izi ndizofunikira pakuonetsetsa kukolola kwa mphesa. M'dziko losauka, chomera sichitha kubala zipatso zokoma kwambiri, ngakhale kawiri pachaka. 
Choncho, wolima munda ayenera kuyesetsa, nthawi zonse kudyetsa chikhalidwe.
Akatswiri samalangiza kuchepetsa kubwereza kwa mchere wovuta kufesa feteleza, chifukwa chitsamba chili ndi chosowa cha zakudya zosiyana siyana zomwe zimakhala ndizing'ono, malinga ndi magawo ena a chitukuko.
Pofuna kuti asawononge mbewu, wolima aliyense ayenera kudziwa kuti ndi liti, ndi chifukwa chiyani muyenera kupanga mpesa. Mwachitsanzo, nitrojeni ndiyo yowonjezera zowonjezereka. 
Pachifukwa ichi, zinthu zomwe zili ndi chigawochi (urea, ammonium nitrate) zimayambika kumapeto kwa nyengo yoyamba ya nyengo yokula, ndipo zowonjezereka sizikuchitika m'dzinja.
Pamene tchire chikuphimba mtundu, amafunika podzhivit phosphorous. Pachifukwa ichi, analimbikitsa superphosphate, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chitukuko cha inflorescences, mazira ndi mazira obwera mofulumira. Potaziyamu ndi yopindulitsa pa mtengo wamphesa ndi mphesa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza monga: "Crystal", ammophos, potassium sulphate, ndi "Zircon" zidzasintha kwambiri mkhalidwe wa zomera zako m'munda.Amaluwa ake omwe akudziwa bwino amalangizidwa kuti azipereka kumayambiriro kwa autumn kapena masabata otsiriza. Mitengo ya kukaniza kwa chisanu imathandizira kuumitsa mkuwa, mbewu idzawonjezeka chifukwa cha zinki, ndipo boric acid idzasamalira shuga mu zipatso.
Ndikofunikira! Chovala choyamba cha mphesa chachitika kumapeto kwa tchire musanayambe kutentha, yachiwiri - masabata angapo musanayambe maluwa, lachitatu - zipatso zisanafike, zotsiriza - zitatha zokolola.
Kudulira zolemba
Kudulira mphesa mapesi ayenera kukhala kugwa kapena kasupe pamaso Mphukira yopuma. Pa zosiyanasiyana "Kusintha" kunkapangika kupanga mpesa, momwe kudula kumagwa pambuyo pa 6 - 8. Amaloledwa zosapitirira 28 mphukira pa chomera. Samalani mphesa ndi maluwa. Chifukwa cha kulemera kwake kwa mabulosi, musapitirize kuwononga mpesa, kusiya gulu limodzi pa mphukira iliyonse. 
Pogona m'nyengo yozizira
Mutadyetsa mphesa ndi zinthu zamkuwa, musamasuke. Ndipotu, iwo sali otsimikiza kuti chitsambacho chili nyengo yozizira yosasamala.
Muyenera kuchita izi. Momwemo: dulani 75% ya mpesa, chotsani icho kuchokera ku zothandizira, ndi kugwa pansi, kukulunga. 
Amaluwa ena amagwira ntchito yotetezera nthambi za mphesa ndi dothi ndi udzu, zina zimaphimba ndi kupaka.
Koma pokhala ndi chisanu chotsutsana cha chisakani, ndibwino kusamalira chitetezo chodalirika ndikupukuta bwinobwino nthaka yozungulira.
