Chozizwitsa cha Purple - Mbatata Zambiri za Mbatata: Zithunzi, Zofunikira ndi Kufotokozera Zomera za Muzu

"Chugunka" - zosiyana siyana za mtundu wachisankho, zomwe zimapezeka m'mapulasi omwe ali othandizira.

Tubers okhala ndi bluish-wofiira peel amaoneka okongola kwambiri, kukoma kwa mbatata yomalizidwa kumakhala kosangalatsa komanso kwodzaza. Tchire ndizodzichepetsa, zokolola zimadalira kufunika kwa thanzi ndi nyengo.

M'nkhaniyi mupeza tsatanetsatane wa zosiyanasiyana, zizindikiro za mbatata ndi zina za agrotechnics za kulima kwake.

Malingaliro osiyanasiyana

Zizindikiro za mbatata

Mbatata "Chugunka", mafotokozedwe osiyanasiyana: amatanthauza matebulo oyambirira. Mauthenga ena amalingalira za tebulo zosiyanasiyana-aft. Nthawi ya zomera ndi masiku 70-75. Tikulimbikitsidwa kukumba tubers kumapeto kwa kucha, iwo amapeza kukoma kokoma ndikukhala othandiza kwambiri..

Zokolola zimadalira nyengo yowonongeka ndi zakudya zamtundu, kuyambira pakati pa 100 mpaka 200 olemera pa hekitala. Masamba omwe amasonkhanitsidwa amawasungidwa bwino, oyenera kuyenda ndi kugulitsa.

Momwe mungasungire mbatata m'nyengo yozizira, kodi mau ndi chiyani chomwe chimakhala chosungiramo mbatata mumabokosi, werengani zipangizo zapadera pa webusaiti yathu. Tidzakulangizani nonse za kusungirako mbatata yosungunuka ndipo mungasunge mbatata yaiwisi, yophika ndi yokazinga mufiriji?

Mbatata sizimakhudzidwa ndi khansa, kuvunda, mavairasi. Sitikudwala ndi mwendo wakuda, sagonjetsedwa ndi tsamba lopiringizira kapena zojambula. Kutenga ndi vuto lochedwa kumatheka; pa mliri, zomera zimasowa kusamala kwambiri.

Mitengo ya usinkhu wa usinkhu kapena mtundu wapamwamba, wamkati, wowongoka, wopanda nthambi zowonongeka kwambiri. Mapangidwe a zobiriwira ndi zochuluka, masamba ndi ang'onoang'ono, amdima wobiriwira, ndi ofooka awards ndi m'mphepete mwa mitsempha.

Corolla yaying'ono, yosonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku lalikulu pinki-wofiirira maluwa. Berry mapangidwe ali otsika. Mzuwu uli wamphamvu, mbatata 10 zazikulu zimangiriridwa pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse. Ndibwino kuti asamapangidwe bwino, zochepa zapangidwe zimakhala zokolola.

Kudzala mlingo woyang'anira. Mitundu ya tubers imabzalidwa m'munda wotenthedwa bwino, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira mlingo wa chinyezi. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakonda dothi lowala, komanso imakula pamtunda popanda mavuto.

Tubers a kalasi ya "Chugunka" amasiyana ndi kukoma kokometsetsa. Kuchokera kwa iwo mpweya woyera wa mtundu woyera umaonekera. Tubers akhoza kukazinga, kupaka, kuphika kapena kupakidwa, sichida mdima pakadula.

Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimakhudza posankha mitundu yolima ndizokolola zake. Mu tebulo ili m'munsimu mudzapeza khalidwe ili mu mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe ikupezeka pa webusaiti yathu:

Chithunzi

Mbatata zosiyanasiyana "Chugunka" - chithunzi pansipa:

Chiyambi

Kusiyanasiyana kwa "mphika" kumatanthauzira zitsanzo zomveka za kusankha mtundu. Osaphatikizidwa mu State Register ya Russian Federation, koma ambiri pakati amateur wamaluwa ndipo wakula m'madera osiyanasiyana. Pakati pa makolo a mbatata, Sineglazka wotchuka amalembedwa, tubers ndi ntchito yogwiritsira ntchito.

Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yaitali mbewu zosiyana za mbatata. Kuwonjezera unyinji wa tubers ndi kuonjezera zokolola, nthawi zosinthira za tubers kwa kubzala zikulimbikitsidwa.

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Zina mwa ubwino waukulu wa zosiyanasiyana:

• kukoma kwa mizu mbewu;
• kucha msanga;
• kusowa chisamaliro;
• kulekerera kwa chilala;
• zokolola zokolola zimasungidwa bwino;
• Kukaniza matenda ndi tizirombo.

Zina mwa zolakwika zochepa:

• kulimbikitsa chakudya cha nthaka;
• Zaka zingapo, mbeu zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zisinthidwe.

Mu tebulo ili m'munsiyi mudzapeza chiwerengero cha kusunga poyerekeza ndi mbatata ya mbatata ndi mitundu ina:

Zizindikiro za kukula

Mbatata imabzalidwa pafupi pakati pa mwezi wa May, nthaka iyenera kutentha bwino. Musanabzala, tubers ndi kuzifota, zouma, zothandizidwa ndi kukula zopatsa..

Pambuyo pake, mbatata imamera pang'onopang'ono kapena mvula yonyowa. Zakudya zathanzi, zolimba zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu, zamphamvu zimasankhidwa chifukwa chodzala. Nthaka yobzala ikhoza kukhala iliyonse.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imalekerera nthaka yolemetsa, koma pamtunda wochepetsetsa gawo lapansi, zokolola zimakula kwambiri. Zakudya zowonjezera nthaka zimapangitsa humus kapena phulusa phulusa, n'zotheka kudyetsa kamodzi ndi njira ya superphosphate kapena kuchepetsedwa mullein. Zakudya zothandiza komanso za foliar, zimaperekedwa kwa masiku khumi musanakolole.

Werengani zambiri za momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito feteleza, komanso momwe mungachitire bwino mutabzala, werengani zomwe zili patsamba lathu.

Zaka 2-3, malo obzala mbatata ayenera kusinthidwa. Malo ochotsedwawo amafesedwa ndi lupine, radish oiled kapena phacelia.

Mavitamini, kabichi kapena kaloti zidzakhala zowononga mbewu. Zotsatira zabwino zimapezekanso pobzala pa malo omwe kale ankakhala ndi udzu.

Zitsamba ziikidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 30 kuchokera pamzake, mtunda wa masentimita 60 umasiyidwa pakati pa mizere. Tubers kwambiri ndi 10-12 masentimita. Kudyetsa kuthirira n'kofunikira kokha m'nyengo yozizira. M'nyengo yamvula, kumera kumatulutsa mungu ndi phulusa, zomwe zimalepheretsa mizu kuvunda kapena blackleg.

Pakukula kukula kubzala 1-2 nthawi kuzungulira ndi mapangidwe mkulu zitunda. Onse namsongole amachotsedwa nthawi imodzi. Kuwongolera ndondomekoyi ikulumikizana pakati pa mizere ya udzu kapena udzu.

Malo ofunikira kwambiri kulima mbatata akupopera mbewu mankhwala osiyanasiyana.

Werengani zonse zokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito herbicides, fungicides ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Timalangizanso kuti mudzidziwitse njira zina za mbatata zowonjezera: pansi pa udzu, m'matumba, mu mbiya, malingana ndi sayansi ya Dutch.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Alimi wamaluwa omwe amalima "zitsulo zamitundumitundu", zotsutsana bwino ndi khansa ya mbatata ndi mavairasi osiyanasiyana. Mbatata sizimakhudzidwa ndi zojambulajambula kapena tsamba lokha, ndipo samadwala ndi blackleg.

Matenda owopsa omwe ali ndi vuto lochedwa masamba kapena tubers. Pa nthawi ya mliri kupopera mankhwala ndi mkuwa wokonzekera tikulimbikitsidwa. Kuphika mbatata zokha kuchokera ku tchire zomwe sizinawathandize.

Pa webusaiti yathuyi mukhoza kupeza zambiri zokhudza matenda monga Alternaria, fusarium wilt, verticillis ndi nkhanambo ya mbatata.

Mitundu yamtundu wa buluu ndi wobiriwira nthawi zambiri imakopa tizirombo. Mitengo ya mbatata ndi yosangalatsa. Zitsamba sizimakhudzidwa kawirikawiri Colorado mbatata kachilomboka kapena wireworm. Pofuna kuteteza, m'pofunika kudula tubers ndikusankha mosamala zitsamba za zomera musanafese.

Polimbana ndi kachilomboka ka Colorado mbatata kamathandiza mankhwala: Aktara, Corado, Regent, Mtsogoleri, Kutchuka, Mphezi, Tanrek, Apache, Taboo.

"Chugunka" ndi zosiyanasiyana zosangalatsa komanso zokoma zoyenera kwambiri. Ndibwino kuti mutha kukolola bwino, tubers ndi yosalala, yayikulu, yokongola.

Mtundu wofiirira wa mawonekedwe a rind kuchuluka kwa mankhwala opindulitsa a antioxidants, mavitamini ndi zinthu zina zamtengo wapatali.

Timaperekanso kudzidziwitsira ndi mitundu ina ya mbatata yomwe ili ndi mawu osiyana: