Aphid mwina ndi mmodzi mwa adani omwe amakonda kwambiri munda, munda ndi wowonjezera. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa amapezeka pafupifupi paliponse, ndipo nthawi yake yowopsya imatha nthawi yonse - kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe kupita ku chisanu. Mankhwalawa amachititsa chidwi kwambiri: aphid ndi chilakolako chomwecho amawononga maluwa, mitengo ya zipatso, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.
Chotsatira cha ntchito ya ochepa magaziwa, kuphwanya kwa moyo wa chomera kumapezeka: imasiya kukula, kutayika maluwa ndi mazira, mazira a masamba ndi mphukira ndi opunduka. Kuonjezera apo, zotsalira za nsabwe za m'masamba, zotsalira pa tsamba ndi masamba, ndi malo abwino kwambiri okhudzidwa ndi matenda a fungal, chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chawo chaipitsidwa, mapulitsikidwe a photosynthesis amavutitsidwa ndipo zomera zimatha kufa. 
Pamapeto pake, aphid palokha imayambitsa matenda a tizilombo osiyanasiyana: kusuntha kuchokera ku kachilombo koyambitsa matenda kupita ku thanzi labwino komanso kubweretsa mavairasi mwachindunji pamene imayamwa madzi, tizilombo timalimbikitsa kufalikira kwa matenda m'mitengo ndi mitengo, ngati munthu amene ali ndi matenda a chimfine, akuwombera mowirikiza.
Mukudziwa? Aphid ikhoza kuchulukana mofulumira kwambiri. Manyowa ndi mazira omwe kawirikawiri samayika sizimapezeka, monga lamulo, tizilombo timagwiritsidwa ntchito. Komabe, nthawi ndi nthawi mu m'badwo akhoza kuwoneka osakwatira omwe ali ndi makhalidwe ogonana, omwe, feteleza, amachititsa ana omwe akugonana okhaokha.
Aphid: kufotokoza tizilombo
Aphid ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'onoting'ono, tomwe timayang'ana mwadiso ngati mdima wa 0,5 mm kukula (komabe mitundu ina ya nsabwe za m'masamba imatha kufika 7mm m'litali). Ndipotu, kanyumba kakang'ono kameneka kakuwoneka ngati nsonga yamphongo kapena dontho. Tizilombo tingathe kukhala opanda mapiko ndi mapikoPachifukwa chomaliza, ziwalo zouluka za aphid zikuimiridwa ndi awiri awiri a mapiko oonekera: yayitali kutsogolo ndi yayifupi.
Nsomba za nsabwe za m'masamba ndi zosiyana kwambiri - tizilombo tingakhale zakuda, zobiriwira, imvi, zofiira, pinki komanso ngakhale zosaonekera. Mitundu yofananayo ingasinthe mtundu pamene imakula, kuwonjezera apo, mtundu wa tizilombo timadalira chakudya chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito. 
Aphid yopanda mapiko sangathe kusuntha mtunda wautali, tizilombo tomwe timakhala m'kati mwa malo ochepa, timagwiritsa ntchito miyendo yaitali kutsogolo kwa mbeu imodzi kapena zingapo.
Aphid yamapiko imakhala pamene kukula kwa njuchi kumakula kwambiri kuti m'deralo lapafupi mulibe kanthu kuti tizilombo tizidyetsa. Anthu amapikowa amapita kumalo atsopano ndipo amapanga malo ena a tizirombo.
Mankhwalawa samapanga nsabwe za m'masamba, tizilombo timakhala tikutuluka mazira, kapena timabereka kwa munthu wamkulu (ndipo nthawi zambiri aphid anabadwa kale).
Aphid pa mitengo ya zipatso, zotsatira zake ndi zotani
Aphid ikhoza kuvulaza munda, zomwe sizingafanane ndi kukula kwake kwa tizilombo tokha. Kupanga malo amkati mwa masamba, tizilombo timatha kuzidziwikiratu kwa nthawi ndithu, motero, pambuyo poti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tifunika kale kulimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba pa mitengo ya zipatso. 
Kuwonjezera kuyamwa madzi kuchokera masamba, masamba, achinyamata mphukira, masamba ndi maluwa, aphid amatulutsa chakupha ku mtengo wa zipatso. Zotsatira zake, malingana ndi nthawi yomwe matendawa adayambira, masambawo amagwa, masamba akuphwanya m'machubu ndi kufa, masamba, ngati asanatsegule, amangogwa, maluwawo amakhala ofanana ndi mapepala opangidwa ndi lace, ovary sichimangidwe pambuyo polephereka.
Ngati kulimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba pamtengo wa zipatso wotere sikuchitika, iwo akhoza kusiya kukula kwathunthu.
Phunzirani momwe mungagwirire ndi nsabwe za m'masamba pa apulo, kabichi, currants, plums, nkhaka, Kalina, katsabola.
Pafupi ndi nsalu za nsabwe za m'masamba zomwe zimasiyidwa ndi masamba, chifukwa cha zomwe zimachitika kuti mapulaneti ayambe kuyambira, ndipo mtengowo umapezeka kuti uli ndi matenda a bowa, monga tawatchula kale. Kuopsa kwa nsabwe za m'masamba kwa mitengo ya zipatso kumayambanso chifukwa chakuti mphukira zazing'ono, majeremusi omwe tizilombo timakonda kwambiri kudya, zimakhala zofooka kwambiri moti sangathe kupulumuka ngakhale nyengo yozizira kwambiri. 
Pomaliza, mtengo umene umakhudzidwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba umataya mphamvu yake yopezera matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizirombo tina.
Pali mitundu yosiyana ya nsabwe za m'masamba zomwe zimapanga kukula kwa nthambi za mitengo - galls. Zilonda zomwe, chifukwa cha zotupa zotere, zimakhudza nthambi za mtengo, zimatha kupha konse.
Nsabwe za m'masamba m'mitengo m'munda: momwe mungagwirire ndi tizilombo
Pali mitundu yambiri ya nsabwe za m'masamba, zomwe zimatha kusiyanitsa wina ndi mzake ndi katswiri wa sayansi. Mwamwayi, mankhwalawa samakhala oyenera, chifukwa mankhwala aphiphi pa mitengo ya zipatso ndi abwino kwa oimira onse a tizilomboti. 
Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zothetsera nsabwe za m'masamba: makina, zamoyo, mankhwala, zowononga. Momwemo makamaka kuchotsa nsabwe za m'masamba mumtengo zimadalira zofuna za mwini munda, kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka, komanso nthawi imene nsabwe za m'masamba zimakhazikika pamtengo (budding, maluwa, mapangidwe a mazira, chiyambi kapena mapeto a fruiting).
Njira zogwiritsira ntchito nsabwe za m'masamba m'mitengo
Mu chilengedwe, nsabwe za m'masamba zili ndi othandizira komanso adani. Zimadziwika bwino kuti njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera nsabwe za m'masamba mumtambo ndi ladybug.
Mukudziwa? Patsiku limodzi, kamwana kakang'ono kamene kakhonza kudya miyendo iwiri yosakaniza magaziwa.
Mwachitsanzo, anamwino ena a mitengo ya zipatso ndi ntchentche zamaluwa (dzina lotchuka ndi hoverfly), ubweya wa nkhosa (maso a golide) ndi tizilombo tina, komanso mbalame. Othandiza polimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba angaganizidwe ngati nyerere zofiira. Iwo samadyetsa nsabwe za m'masamba okha, koma amawononga nyerere zakuda zakuda, zomwe sizimangobwereka chabe, koma amatetezeranso nsabwe za m'masamba. 
N'zachidziwikire kuti tizilombo ndi mbalame zotere tiyenera kukopeka m'munda mwanu, kapena kupewa zinthu zomwe zingathamangitse adani enieni a nsabwe za m'masamba. Tizilombo tonse opindulitsa timadzulidwa mu udzu wouma ndi masamba omwe afa, motero, kuyaka zinthu zoterezi kugwa, wamaluwawo amawononga "abwenzi" awo.
Ndikofunikira! Nyerere zakuda - ofalitsa nsabwe za m'masamba - sangathe kuwonongedwa ndi moto: Zimakhala mozama kwambiri pansi kuti zisamwalire pamoto.
Pofuna kuti munda wamaluwa uziwoneka wokongola kwa azimayi aakazi, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira zina: mwachitsanzo, muyenera kubzala tansy, nettle, katsabola, yarrow, daisies ndi zomera zina zomwe zimakhala ngati zofiira zofiira pakati pa mitengo ya zipatso. 
Zimalimbikitsanso kusamalira nyengo yozizira kwa mbalamezi: chifukwa cha izi simukuyenera kuwotcha, koma m'malo mwake, musiye udzu wouma pamphepete mwa munda, makamaka - pamwamba pa chimanga. Ena amapeza ngakhale nthawi yomanga nyumba zing'onozing'ono kuti zikhale ndi tizilombo tofunikira - chinachake chofanana ndi nyumba za mbalame, zochepa kwambiri.
Zili zosavuta kwambiri kuti cholinga ichi chiwononge chubu cha makatoni, chophatikizidwa ndi udzu kapena zipangizo zina kumapeto kwake ndikuyika m'munda pakati pa masamba owuma.
Njira yabwino yothetsera anyamata aakazi m'munda ndi kugula phukusi ndi nkhanza mu malo osungirako zinthu (tizilombo, ndithudi, nthawi zina zimagulitsidwa kwambiri).
Njira yothetsera nsabwe za m'masamba ndi njira zowonongeka ndi kubzala zomera m'munda umene aphid yokha sumalekerera. Mwachitsanzo, henbane, Basil, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya elderberry, fodya, dandelion, sorelo, horseradish, anyezi, adyo, mpiru, chowawa, tansy ndi yarrow. Kuchokera ku mitundu ya ala, sindimakonda fungo la buttercups, marigolds, dandelions, chernobrivtsev (marigolds), chamomile, masamba - tsabola wowawa, mbatata, tomato. 
Zina mwa zomerazi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati maziko opopera mbewu mankhwala omwe ali ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Mwachitsanzo, tikulimbikitsanso kudula mapesi a mandimu ndi mpeni kapena mitsetse, kuthira madzi otentha ndi kuyimitsa maola angapo. Pambuyo pake, kupsyinjika, kuwonjezera pang'ono mankhwala aliwonse a sopo kuti musunge madzi pa tsamba la masamba, ndipo perekani mowolowa manja mitengo, ndikuyang'ana kumbuyo kwa masamba.
Anakonza mankhwalawa pa mtengo wamkulu ndi pafupifupi asanu malita. Kuphika nsabwe pa mitengo ya zipatso kumatha kupangidwa mofanana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito masamba a fodya, mapeyala a anyezi, adyo wodulidwa, mapulorescences ndi mapesi a chamomile, masamba a dandelion ndi mizu, soresi ya akavalo, zipatso za tsabola wotentha, mapuloteni a celandine, singano za pine, peel ya zipatso zonse za citrus , mbatata kapena pamwamba pa phwetekere, etc. 
Mukamapopera mbewu zamtundu umenewu ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, m'pofunika kutsata malamulo osamala. Choyamba, kuchuluka kwa mankhwala opangira kapena kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa masana dzuwa limatha kuyatsa pamoto.
Chachiwiri, zomera zina siziwononga osati nsabwe za m'masamba okha, komanso kwa adani ake enieni, komanso, munthu akhoza kutenga poizoni panthawiyi.
Mulimonsemo, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuyenera kutetezedwa muzitetezo komanso masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso osagwiritsa ntchito njirayi yothetsera nsabwe za m'masamba panthawi ya fruiting komanso masabata awiri (kapena bwino - osachepera mwezi umodzi) musanakolole. 
Ndikofunikira! Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ngati zomera zina zimawopsya nsabwe za m'masamba, ena amawakopera. Kuyambira pano, simuyenera kubzala begonia, nasturtium, mallow, petunia, poppy, ndi nyemba pafupi ndi mitengo ya zipatso. Kalina, chitumbuwa cha mbalame ndi linden chiyenera kubzalidwa kutali ndi munda, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi nsabwe za m'masamba.
Mankhwala njira zotetezera munda ku nsabwe za m'masamba
Monga momwe mchitidwe umasonyezera, mukhoza kuwononga nsabwe za m'masamba pamtengo popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oopsa. Komabe, pakakhala zovuta kwambiri, mankhwala angapitirirebe.
Posankha zomwe mungagwiritse ntchito kuwononga nsabwe za m'masamba pamtunda, ziyenera kunyalidwa m'maganizo kuti, mosiyana ndi tizilombo tina tambiri, aphid ilibe chipolopolo chophwanyika kwambiri, kotero kuchotsa izo ndi zophweka ndi chithandizo cha mankhwala okonzekera. Malingana ndi izi, Musamangokhala poizoni. 
Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tisamayang'ane pazokonzekera zomwe zili ndi esters. Chothandiza kwambiri kuchotseratu nsabwe za m'masamba zomwe zimapangidwa mwachibadwa (mafakitale ndi azitona) sopo wakuda wakuda. Ndiponso mankhwala owonetseredwa monga Fufanon ndi Intavir.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kusankha nthawi yoyenera ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito. Ndibwino kuti mupange kupopera mbewu kwa mitengo yoyamba musanayambe masamba.
Njira zina zimadalira kuchuluka kwa kusokonezeka ndi malingaliro a wolima munda pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala. Kawirikawiri, kupopera katatu sikukuchitika pa nyengo, koma kumapeto kwake, monga momwe zimagwirira ntchito poizoni, sizingatheke kupitirira masabata atatu musanakolole.
Ngati tizilombo tawoneka kale pa masamba, chithandizochi chimachitidwa ndi kukhudzana: izi zimalola tizilombo kuti tiphedwe mwachindunji. Mbali yoyipa ya njirayi ndi yakuti mphamvu yake imadalira mvula (mvula iliyonse yosadziwika ikhoza kunyalanyaza zonse zomwe mlimiyo akuchita), komanso kuonetsetsa kwa mankhwalawa (poizoni amapha kokha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda). 
Popeza aphid nthawi zambiri samabisa kumbuyo kwa masamba, komanso mkati mwa chubu limene amapotoka, njira yogwiritsira ntchito salola kuti cholingacho chifike. Thandizo pa nkhaniyi likhoza kubwera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amalowa mkati mwa mbewu yopsa komanso kupha nsabwe za m'masamba zomwe zimadya kuchokera mkati. Njirayi ndi yabwino chifukwa mtengo umamwa mowa mwachangu, ndipo mvula silingalepheretse kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo.
Komabe, dziwani kuti Zitetezo zilizonse mukamagwira ntchito ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo sangathe kuonetsetsa kuti zomwe akuchitazo zimangokhala ndi tizilombo tokha. Mankhwala aliwonse ali ndi zotsatira zake zokha, zomwe zimakhudza zamoyo zina, kuphatikizapo anthu. Choncho, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otetezedwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ziyenera kukhalabe zovuta kwambiri.
Momwe mungatetezere mitengo ya zipatso ku nsabwe za m'masamba mankhwala a anthu
Kuwonjezera pa kuteteza mawotchi (kutsuka ndi madzi kapena kugwedeza manja) ndi kupopera mbewu ndi msuzi, wamba wodwala aphid woteteza madzi akutsitsa phulusa, sopo (mankhwala, madzi, kapena sopo), komanso soda ndi birch tar.
Kupopera mbewu zamitengo ndi zofanana zochiza mankhwala 10 malita a madzi, 300 g phulusa amafunika (kuti zisungunuke bwino, phulusa ndi madzi zophika kwa theka la ora); 100 g ya phula, 300 g ya sopo kapena 125 ml wa sopo wamadzi. Ena wamaluwa amalimbikitsa njira zoyambirira zochotsera nsabwe za m'masamba. Makamaka, akuti tizilombo timayamwitsa ngati mtengo ukupopedwa ndi vodka kapena Coca-Cola, yankho la mafuta a mpendadzuwa (1 tbsp pa 10 lita imodzi ya madzi), komanso madzi osakaniza ndi kirimu (1.5 tbsp.) M'chidebe cha madzi ndi ethereal mkungudza, mtengo wa tiyi ndi mafuta a lavender (pafupifupi 50 akutsikira aliyense mu chidebe cha madzi).
Chithandizo china chotchuka cha nsabwe za m'masamba pa mitengo ya zipatso ndi fumigation ndi fodya (moto wawung'ono umapangidwa ndi zipsu mumtsinje, wothira fumbi pamwamba ndipo pamene utsi wakuda wonyezimira umayamba kugwa kuchokera pamtambo, uwuike pansi pa mtengo). Olemba ena amapereka zowonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera - chifukwa amagwiritsa ntchito mphira wofukiza, wipira zosiyanasiyana, ndi zina zotero. 
Zingatheke kuti aphid sichikondweretsedwa ndi kuti adatsanulira ndi vodka ndi Coca-Cola ndipo amawotcha ndi matayala oyaka moto, komabe ndikuganiza kuti njira yodalirika imeneyi ingathandize kuthetsa nsabwe za m'masamba, komanso kwa oyandikana nawo ndi mabanja (inde ndi vodka mnyumba zingapezekenso kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera).
Choncho, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigwiritse ntchito njira zochepa zowononga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zomwe makamaka, ndizo kupewa.
Nsabwe za m'masamba pa mitengo ya zipatso: zothandizira kupewa
Pofuna kumvetsetsa momwe mungapewere mwanawankhosa m'munda, muyenera kudziwa komwe akuchokera.
Munthu akhoza kutenga tizilombo ku chiwembu pamodzi ndi zomwe zapezeka m'malo osaphunzitsidwa ndipo sizinaphunzire mokwanira kuti palibe zizindikiro za matenda. Kuwonjezera apo, tizilombo timalowa m'munda mwamsanga ngati mitengo ya zipatso yosatulutsidwa ikukula pafupi (mwachitsanzo, kuchokera kumalo osungidwa omwe ali pafupi). 
Mtsinje waukulu wa aphid ndizinyalala zakuda zapadziko lapansi. Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa sikuti timangotenga nsabwe zokhazokha, koma amatetezeranso nsabwe za m'masamba kuchokera ku zirombo zina, komanso "amalola" kuti azikhala m'nyengo yoziziritsa kwambiri mkati mwazitali. "Ubwenzi" woterewu ukufotokozedwa mwachidule: nyerere zimadyetsa uchi umene umatulutsa nsabwe za m'masamba, kotero kuti ubale pakati pa tizilombo timapanga phindu lenileni.
Kumvetsetsa izi, ndikosavuta kupeŵa kupanga zinthu zabwino pakufalitsa nsabwe za m'masamba m'munda.
Choyamba, pamene mukudziyesa munda wanu nsabwe za m'masamba, nkofunika nthawi yomweyo (ngati n'kotheka) kuti muzitha kutsuka mitengo yosayera m'dera lanu, komanso kuti musaiwale za udzu wanu, womwe tizilombo tingathe kukhalanso.
Mukamera udzu, zimalimbikitsidwa kusiya maluwa a chimanga, chimanga cha mbusa, kaloti zakutchire. Mitengo iyi imakopa anthu odyetsa - masoka achilengedwe a nsabwe za m'masamba. 
Nkofunika kwambiri kuti nyerere zisaletse mitengo ya zipatso. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuchotsa chiwonongeko chonse, osati kumenyana ndi mayesero.
Поскольку черные муравьи живут в земле, хорошим способом изгнания их с участка является перекапывание гнезда и обработка его ядом (можно использовать антимоль, карболку, керосин, формалин и т. п.).
Ena amalangiza kukonkha mtengo kuzungulira bwalo ndi chisakanizo cha utuchi ndi tsabola wofiira, adyo kapena masamba a phwetekere (amakhulupirira kuti nyerere sizikonda kukwawa ndi zotchinga zotere), koma zikuwoneka kuti zothandiza kwambiri kuyesa kuthetsa nyerere mitengo
Kawirikawiri, zakhala zikuwonetseratu kuti mgwirizano wa nyerere pakati pa nyerere ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndizokhazikika zomwe zingaganize kuti njirayi ndi yoyenera: nyerere zimachoka - ndipo nsabwe za m'masamba zidzasiya.
