Chilankhulo chosavuta pa teknoloji yopanga shuga ku shuga beet, kuphatikizapo kunyumba

Kupeza shuga ku shuga ya shuga ku fakitale komanso kunyumba. Chotsani malingaliro olakwika omwe anthu ambiri amavomereza. Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti nzimbe shuga ndi chinthu chimodzi, ndipo shuga ya beet ndi ina.

Ndipotu, palibe kusiyana pakati pa nzimbe ndi shuga ya beet. Kusakaniza shuga woyengedwa bwino ndi wamba wa sucrose, kaya uli ndi chiyambi chotani.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane momwe shuga imapangidwira mu mafakitale, kuchuluka kwake komwe kumapezeka kuchokera ku tani imodzi ya beets, komanso momwe mungapangire mankhwala achilengedwe kunyumba.

Ndi mitundu yanji ya zamasamba yopanga mankhwala okoma?

Nyerere zimadziwika kwa anthu kwa nthawi yaitali - zoyamba za mkhalidwe wa ndiwo zamasamba zimabwereranso ku zaka za m'ma 2000 BC. Kuchokera apo, obereketsa amasonyeza mitundu yake yambiri. Pali pakati pawo mitundu yofiira, mwachitsanzo - chard, ambiri a iwo ndiwo mzu wa masamba.

Mitundu yamakono ndi zowonjezera za shuga beet zili ndi shuga 18%. Yabwino mwa iwo - Crystal, Manege, Nesvizhsky, ndi zina zotero. Tsono shuga imachokera kwa iwo - tidzanena zambiri.

Technology ndi zipangizo pa fakitale ya shuga

Tiyeni tifotokoze mwachidule kuti, pogwiritsa ntchito muzu wa mbeu, shuga imapangidwa pazitsamba zapadera (phunzirani momwe shuga beet imagwiritsidwira ntchito ndi zomwe zimapangidwa pamene zikugwiritsidwa ntchito, apa). Kupanga pazomera kumachitika muzinthu zambiri zamakono.

1. Gawo lokonzekera (kuyeretsa ndi kutsuka mzere). Mu beet, amachotsedwa mwachindunji kumunda kapena m'nyumba yosungirako, miyala, zidutswa, zidutswa zitsulo zingagwidwe. Izi ndizoopsa kwa zipangizo. Beets angangokhala odetsedwa.

   Pofuna kupewa shuga pamene akusamba, kutentha kwa madzi kumalamulidwa - sikuyenera kukhala madigiri 18. Pambuyo kutsuka, beets amatsukidwa ndi madzi okongoletsedwa pa mlingo wa 10-15 makilogalamu a bleach pa matani 100 a beets. Ndiye beets amatumizidwa pa conveyor. Kumeneko amavutitsidwa ndi ndege yamphamvu. Izi zimachotsa madzi otsala ndikutsatira zosafunika.

   Zida:

   • hydrotransporters (panthawi imodzimodzimodzi ndi kufotedwa kwa beet kumatsuka ku dothi);
   • misampha ya mchenga, misampha yamwala, misampha;
   • misampha yamadzi;
   • washers.
2. Kusamba. Kodi amachita bwanji zimenezi? Ma beets okonzedwa okonzedwa amawerengedwa ndi kudyetsedwa kusungirako. Kuchokera apa, umakhala pansi pa zolemera zake zokhala ndi centrifugal, drum kapena disc beet cutters. Chiwerengero cha chips chimachititsa 4-6, ndi makulidwe - 1.2-1.5 millimeters.

   Zida:

   • kutumiza ndi maginito separator;
   • beet cutter;
   • mamba;
3. Kusokonezeka. Pa zomera zofalitsidwa, njira yaikulu imapezeka - leaching ya shuga kuchokera kunthaka. Chips amachiritsidwa ndi madzi otentha ndikuika shuga ndi zinthu zina zosungunuka m'maganizo. Izi zimachitika pa kutentha kwa madigiri 70-80 mu malo osalimba.

   Zosakaniza zowonjezera shuga ndizowonjezera chonde kuti chitukuko cha tizilombo tizilombo tiziyenda. Izi zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala, ndi zotsatira zoopsa zowonjezereka - mwachitsanzo, zophulika zomwe zingatheke. Choncho, pakufalitsa, njira yowonjezera imayikidwa pazipangizo.

   Kumapeto kwake kumakhala kochepa - 0.02% ya chiwerengero chonse cha mankhwalawa, koma chokwanira kusokoneza ma microflora. Chida chomwe chimapezeka pamtunda uwu ndi madzi osokoneza. Ndimadzimadzi othamanga omwe mwamsanga amamdima mumlengalenga. Lili ndi zambiri zamkati.

   Zamkatizo zimasiyanitsidwa pamtundu waukulu. Chida chachiwiri ndi beet zamkati. Amatsindikizidwa ndipo amatumizidwa mwachindunji kudyetsa zinyama kapena zouma.

   Zida:

   • kufalitsa kufalikira (kupukuta kapena rotary);
   • dryer zamkati
4. Kuyeretsa Mavuto a Madzi. Madzi, omwe amapezeka pambuyo pofalitsidwa, ndi osakaniza osakaniza a mitundu yambiri yosungunula zinthu zomwe zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri. Kuchotsa juzi kuchokera ku zonyansa izi, ndondomeko ya defecation ikuchitika.

   Njirayi ndi dzina losavomerezekali likuchitika mu magawo awiri. Zimabwera pokonza madzi ndi mandimu (mkaka wa laimu). Njira yothetsera vutoli ikufika pa pH mtengo wa 12.2 - 12.4, ndiko kuti, yankho limakhala lamchere.

   Panthawi imodzimodziyo, timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa thupi. Zoipa zina zosayenera zimathandizanso. Zomwe amagwiritsa ntchitozo zimangoyamba nthawi yomweyo, kapena zimachotsedwa pa siteji yotsatira - siteji yowonjezera. Mawu akuti "carbonation" amatanthauza njira yodziŵika bwino ya "carbonation", ndiko kuti, kukwanira kwa njirayo ndi carbon dioxide. Izi zimapangitsa kuti munthu asamangidwe ndi calcium carbonate (choloke chokhazikika), chomwe chimapangitsa kuti zinthu zisawonongeke.

   Ndiye yankho liri losankhidwa komanso kachiwiri. Zisanachitike izi, ngati kuli kofunikira, nthawi zina zimakhala zolakwika mobwerezabwereza. Kenaka, mankhwalawa amawoneka bwino, koma amachitiranso njira yothetsera vutoli ndi sulfure dioxide (sulfure dioxide). Izi zimatchedwa sulfitization. Izi zimachepetsanso zamchere zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa. Manyuchi mawonekedwe amachepetsa amachepetsanso.

   Zida:

   • zipangizo zosokoneza;
   • fyuluta ndi chipangizo cha Kutentha;
   • saturator;
   • sulfitator;
   • sump
5. Kuwongolera ndi crystallization. Madzi omwe amapezeka pambuyo pa sulfitation ndi wamba wosatulutsidwa sucrose. Ngati muthetsa njira yothetsera vutoli, ndiye kuti momwemo, monga momwe amadziŵira ku sukulu ya fizikia ya sukulu, njira yowonjezera idzayamba.

   Makhiristo amachokera. Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika mu makina opuma. Apo, yankho, kale evaporated ku boma pafupi saturated, amayamba wiritsani pansi kuchepetsedwa, ndipo thickens kwa supersaturated boma. Zomwe zimachititsa kuti misala ikhale yambiri.

   Mitsempha yowonjezera ya shuga imagawidwa mu centrifuges ndipo imayendetsedwa kudzera mu magawo angapo omaliza. Kumeneko amamveketsedwa ndikusanduka shuga wodziwika bwino, wodziwika bwino, ndi granulated.

   Zida:

   • zipangizo zosayera;
   • centrifuge;
   • ma unit unit evaporator ndi nthiti.

Zokolola za shuga kuchokera pa 1 tani ya mizu masamba atakonzedwa ndi pafupifupi 100-150 makilogalamu. Kufalikira kwa zizindikiro kumadalira makamaka pa zamagetsi za shuga zowonjezera shuga ndi nyengo nyengo yomwe ilipo pakali pano (zochuluka za kumene njuchi zimakula, nyengo yamtundu ndi dothi "amakonda", werengani apa).

Mlingo wamakono wopanga bwino ndi coefficient ya m'zigawo za shuga. Zimasonyeza chiŵerengero cha misa ya sucrose mu yomaliza mankhwala (granulated shuga) kwa misa sucrose mu feedstock. Kawirikawiri ndi pafupifupi 80%.

Kodi mungapeze bwanji mankhwalawa kunyumba?

Tiyeni tiwone nthawi yomweyo kuti sitingathe kuphika shuga woyengedwa bwino kunyumba. Koma madzi a shuga ndi osavuta kukonzekera. Idzakhala chilengedwe chenicheni, chopangidwa ndi manja. Zida zamakonozi ndizovuta kwambiri.

Adzafunidwa:

• mtundu uliwonse wa shuga beet;
• enamelware (mapeni, miphika);
• chopukusira nyama, mpeni, spatula;
• gauze kapena nsalu ina yafyuluta.

Momwe mungapangidwire shuga:

1. Nyerere zimatsuka, kuyeretsa ku mizu ndi malo owonongeka. Musadwale khungu!
2. Sakanizani.
3. Kawirikawiri, ikani mphika wa madzi otentha ndi kuphika kwa ola limodzi.
4. Sambani madzi. Lolani pang'ono ndi kuchotsa peels kuchokera ku beets ofunda.
5. Gaya ndi chopukusira nyama kapena mpeni, zomwe ziri bwino. Mabala odulidwa sayenera kukhala ochepa kuposa 1 mm.
6. Ikani beets wosweka mu thumba lamba ndikuyiyika pansi pa osindikiza. Ikani beseni kuti muyambe madzi. Ngati osindikizira sali, mukhoza kufinya madzi ndi manja, kupotoza thumba, monga ngati mukugwedeza zovala.
7. Pakutha koyamba, tsitsani madzi otentha (osati madzi otentha) mumtundu pafupifupi pafupifupi theka la ma beets, lolani. Ponyani beets pa sieve, mulole madziwo alowe mu mbale ndi madzi atakanikizidwa kale. Onetsetsani mobwerezabwereza pamenepo.
8. The chifukwa madzi ndi mkangano kuti 70-80 madigiri ndipo osankhidwa kupyolera awiri gauze.
9. Madzi osasunthika kuti asungunuke pamphepo ndi kufunika kwake. Pachifukwa ichi, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mbale zowonjezera komanso zowonongeka, zowonongeka kapena zamkati.
10. Madzi okonzeka bwino amakhala ndi uchi wokhazikika. Ikusungidwa, ngati uchi, kwa nthawi yaitali kwambiri.

Madzi omwe amapezeka panthawi yomwe imatulutsa madzi ayenera kuyendetsedwa ndi mtengo wa spatula - umatentha mosavuta.

Pafupifupi 1 makilogalamu a madzi amapangidwa kuchokera ku 5 kilogalamu ya shuga beet, kapena, malinga ndi ma 600 gm ya shuga woyera.

Kupeza shuga yolimba

Siketi iyenera kuyamwa bwino pamene shuga wophika pansi kuti uzipangidwira. Madzi otentha amatsanulira mu mawonekedwe achitsulo. Ikani malo ozizira. Kumeneko, madziwo amadziwika mwamsanga ndipo amawalitsa. Ndiye imangokhala kuchotsa pa mawonekedwe ndikugawanika kukhala zidutswa za kukula kwake.