Kukhoza kukumba m'dzinja mbewu za Yerusalemu atitchoku pa nyengo zosiyana (nthawi yophukira pambuyo kapena yakucha masika m'nyengo yozizira, overwintering mu mabedi) kuthetsa vuto la kuchepetsa kusunga khalidwe pa yosungirako.
Chilengedwe chapangitsa kuti tuber ya chikhalidwe ichi ikhale yofooka, yomwe imathandiza kuti mvula ikhale yotuluka mumatumbo ndi msinkhu wake wokalamba, koma inaperekanso kuti tubers ikhoza kupirira zovuta chisanu popanda kuwonongeka, zotsalira m'nyengo yozizira. Nthaka ikamayambitsidwa m'nyengo yamasika, n'zotheka kukumba tubers zomwe sizinawonongeke mtundu uliwonse, kapena kulawa, kapena makhalidwe abwino m'nyengo yozizira.
Kufunika kotuta nthawi yake
Kupindula kwakukulu ndi kukoma kwabwino kwa tubers kumawonekera ngati iwo anakumbidwa pa nthawi yoyenera pa izi. Kukolola kochedwa kumachepetsa kufunika kwa zakudya za tubers ndi kumanyoza kukoma. Ngati mukukumba tubers patsogolo pa kusasitsa, ndiye kuti zakudya zina zimakhalabe zobiriwira. Kuyeretsa nthawi yayitali sikungopseza tubers, koma nthaka yake imatha ndipo imauma, kutayika kwabwino.
Kodi mungadziwe bwanji kuti mapeyala apadziko lapansi amatha?
Mbewu yopangira mvula yam'madzi imapezeka mumtunda wotentha kwambiri, choncho, kumadera akum'mwera kwa dzikoli, Yerusalemu artichokes imabzalidwa pakati pa mwezi wa April, pakatikati pa April kapena kumayambiriro kwa May, kumpoto - kumapeto kwa May. Pokumbukira mawu awa, kuwonjezerapo masiku makumi awiri isanayambe kutuluka kwa mphukira, amatha kudziwa bwino kuti maluwawa amatha kukolola. Kwa gulu la pakati, zaka khumi zoyambirira za mwezi wa October zimatengedwa nthawi yabwino kwambiri yoyamba kwa dziko lapansi.
Kuyambira masiku oyambirira a mwezi wa October amayamba kudula mbali ya zomera, ngati kuli kofunikira pofuna chakudya kapena zakonzedwe zilizonse zapakhomo, ndipo kuyambira pakati pa mwezi mutha kuchotsa tubers. Koma ngati nthenda yobiriwira siigwiritsidwa ntchito ndi eni ake m'njira iliyonse, ndipo imachoka pamtengowo, ndiye kutanthauzira kwabwino kwa kukula kwa tubers ndiko kuyamba kwa masamba a mbeu (amasintha mtundu ndi kumira).
Ndi nthawi yanji yomwe yasonkhanitsidwa kuti idye?
Palibe chifukwa chofulumira kukakolola zokolola zonse za mapeyala. Tubers alibe moyo wazitali wamakono pamene mwatsopano. Popanda kusintha, akhoza kusungidwa kwa mwezi umodzi. Pambuyo pake, maonekedwe awo, mankhwala ndi zamoyo zimasintha, chinyezi chimatayika, kuvunda kumayamba. Kutetezedwa, iwo sali kuyanika, nayonso.
Njira yotuluka - mu zikhalidwe za tubers kuti zisataye katundu ndi maonekedwe pa nyengo yozizira pomwe pa mabedi. M'nthaka pansi pa chipale chofewa kapena malo osanjikiza a nthaka youma, amatha kupirira kutentha kwapansi m'munsi-madigiri 30. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi umenewu kuti mupulumutse zokolola. Choncho Njira yothetsera vutoli ndi kuchotsa zina za tubers kumapeto kwa autumn (pambuyo pa chisanu choyamba), ndi kusiya gawo lina kuti muwone pamwamba pa nthaka, pamwamba pake ndi wosanjikiza dothi louma kapena chisanu.
Kodi n'zotheka kusonkhanitsa peyala yapakati m'chaka? M'chaka, kuti mupeze chakudya, zokolola zikhoza kukololedwa pamene nthaka ikutha ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chofunikira pa sabata, paziwiri ziwiri. Zonse zokolola za chaka chatha ziyenera kuyesedwa kuti zimbidwe musanayambe kusamba kwa tubers, pamene nyengo yatsopano yamera imayamba. Chinthu chachikulu sichiphonya nthawi yomaliza. Anagwiritsira ntchito tuber yomweyo yogwiritsira ntchito kasupe kakang'ono.
Thandizo! Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti tubers yatsala kuti yozizira mu nthaka, m'chaka ndi kukoma bwino poyerekeza ndi kukoma kwa m'dzinja yokolola tubers. Koma kukoma kumakhala kolimba.
Ndondomeko yothandizira pang'onopang'ono kukumba
Chitsanzo chotsatira chikulimbikitsidwa kukumba tubers:
- Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa Oktoba (kapena kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa September), gulani mizu yathanzi pokonzekera saladi ndi mbale zina monga zosowa za banja.
- Kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, chotsani mbali ya mbeu kuti idye chakudya kapena nyama zomwe zili ndi miyezi 1.5-2.
- Kuyambira mochedwa yophukira kufikira masika yokolola ntchito wintering tubers (ngati mosavuta anakumba). M'nyengo yozizira, thupi limangofunikira mavitamini!
- M'chaka, mavitamini amafunika kwambiri chifukwa cha kuvuta kwa nyengo kosalephereka kwa thupi la munthu. Choncho, bedi ndi mavitamini achilengedwe m'munda zidzakhala zothandiza kwambiri ku thanzi lomwe lawonongeka m'nyengo yozizira.
Sungani anatekete ya Yerusalemu motere:
- Asanakolole Yerusalemu atitchoku akufunika kudula tchire lonse pa malowa. Mosasamala kanthu kuti gawo la mbewu lidzakhalabe pansi pa chisanu mpaka masika, kapena ayi.
Kuchokera mu tsinde la chomera chilichonse chotsani chitsa cha 30-40 masentimita. Njirayi idzakhala chitsogozo chochitapo kanthu pa kukumba kwa tubers mu kugwa kapena kasupe. Mphukira yotentha imakhala yovunda ndipo siidzatha kuthana ndi kuchotsa tubers ngakhale lotayirira pansi, koma idzafotokoza molondola kumene ili.- Chotsatira ndi nkhani ya teknoloji, yomwe imadziwika bwino kwa zaka zambiri za zokolola za mbatata. Mukhoza kukumba ndi mafosholo, koma ndi bwino kuti muchite ndi mafoloko. Mafoloko sayenera kukhala ndi malo ochuluka pakati pa mano (Jerusalem artichoke tubers ndi ang'ono kwambiri kuposa mbatata). Ndi kosavuta kukumba ndi thumba lafoloki ndipo tubers sichiwonongeke pochita ndi chida choyeretsera.
Kuchokera mu tsinde la chomera chilichonse chotsani chitsa cha 30-40 masentimita. Njirayi idzakhala chitsogozo chochitapo kanthu pa kukumba kwa tubers mu kugwa kapena kasupe. Mphukira yotentha imakhala yovunda ndipo siidzatha kuthana ndi kuchotsa tubers ngakhale lotayirira pansi, koma idzafotokoza molondola kumene ili.Pali tubers mu ndowa kapena mabokosi ang'onoang'ono, kenako amasamutsira kumalo osungirako kosatha. Ngati nthaka yowuma panthawi yokolola, ndiye kuti kuyanika sikufunika. Pankhani ya nthaka yonyowa, amafunika kuumitsa atitchoku ya Yerusalemu asanaikidwe. Koma palibe vuto sayenera kusamba ndi tubers!
Kodi mungasunge bwanji mbewu?
Sungani mbeu m'malo ozizira: chipinda chapansi, cellar, pa khonde m'bokosi (kutsanulira mu mchenga wouma). Zing'onozing'ono za tubers zikhoza kuikidwa pansi pa tebulo la firiji.
Ndikofunikira! Mitengo yambiri imasungidwa muzitsulo zozama kwambiri, kumene miyalayi imayikidwa m'magawo, ndikuyalapo zida ndi utuchi. Pamwamba pa nkhaniyi mumayika nthambi za mitengo yamitengo.
Artichoke ya Yerusalemu ndi mankhwala abwino omwe amadya mwatsopano ndi kusinthidwa. Mitengo ya tubers imaposa mbatata ndi masamba. Zomwe zili zosiyana ndi zomwe zili mwa iwo zimapangitsa kufunika kwa chikhalidwe cha chuma cha dziko. Choncho, m'pofunika kumvetsera chomera ichi osati kwa wamaluwa okha, komanso kwa makampani ogulitsa ulimi.
