Chomera chodabwitsa - mandimu. Kufotokozera ndi zithunzi, malamulo a kulima ndi kusamalira

Lemon basil ndi chomera chodabwitsa chomwe chimakhala ndi makhalidwe onse a chikhalidwe cha basil ndi zonunkhira zokhala ndi zipatso za citrus, zomwe zimapangitsa kukongoletsa kwa nyama ndi nsomba, zakudya zam'madzi ndi zophika.

M'mayiko ambiri, basil yazitsulo imagwiritsidwa ntchito osati zokometsetsa zokha, komanso monga chigawo chachikulu cha mbale ndi mbale.

Chomerachi sichimawonongeka ndi katundu wake pambuyo pa kuyanika kapena kuzizira. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mandimu a mandimu kumapangitsa kuti zakudya za anthu zikhale zopindulitsa kwambiri ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso mavitamini opindulitsa. Mudzazindikira basil osatha kapena pachaka ndi fungo lokoma la mandimu.

Malongosoledwe a zomera ndi nyengo ya zomera

Kulima kumafikira magalamu 300 ku chitsamba chimodzi. Chomeracho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, zouma ndi mawonekedwe a zamzitini. Mbewu imatha kukhalabe yotheka kwa zaka 4-5. Chikulire masiku 45-60. Izi zosiyanasiyana sizitha kuzizira.

Mbiri

Dziko lakwale la basil ndi South Asia, Africa, China. Chomeracho chinafika ku Ulaya pakati pa zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chitatu, kuchokera pamene adayamba kufalikira ku Russia kumayambiriro kwa khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu. Poyamba, basil ya mandimu anali kulima ngati bactericidal ndi anti-inflammatory agent, motsimikiza kuti ali ndi chithandizo cha mankhwala.

Cha kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, mandimu a mandimu ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kumalima masamba ndi zokongoletsera zipatso.

Maonekedwe

Lemon basil ili ndi nthambi yolunjika mpweya mpaka 40 masentimita pamwamba. Mzu umapangidwa moyenera, compactly, woimiridwa ndi umodzi umodzi woyera woyera ndi mizu yambiri. Masamba ndi abirimu, obiriwira, oblong, ndi mapepala otsekemera komanso othandizira kwambiri, ophimbidwa ndi tsitsi laling'ono, ali ndi zonunkhira za citrus.

Maluwa awiri okhala ndi maonekedwe oyera kapena owala amamera kuchokera ku axils a masamba a apical. Maluwa ndi yaitali, kuyambira masabata awiri mpaka miyezi umodzi ndi theka. Chifukwa cha maluwa chipatso chimapangidwa, chokhala ndi mtedza anayi, omwe ali ndi mbewu zofiira.

Chithunzi

Mu chithunzichi mudzawona chomwe chomerachi chikuwoneka:

Kusiyanasiyana kwa mitundu ina ndi mitundu

1. Nunkhira yowala kwambiri ya nthaka yomwe ili mbali ya chomera ndi yokhayokha mu izi zosiyanasiyana.
2. Kununkhira ndi kulawa kumalola kugwiritsa ntchito lemon basi basi pokonzekera mchere, mabulosi ndi zipatso.
3. Mosiyana ndi basil basil, yomwe imakula ngati mawonekedwe akuluakulu komanso okongola, mandimu a mandimu amakula ngati mawonekedwe a chitsamba chotsikira mpaka 40 cm.
4. Mosiyana ndi Turkish basil, yomwe ili ndi fungo lokoma ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono, ndi basil wa Mexico ndi fungo la sinamoni ndi masamba akulu ofiira, mitundu iyi ili ndi fungo la citrus komanso masamba ochepa.
5. Mosiyana ndi basiliti a Thai, kukoma kwake komwe kuli ngati tsabola, ndipo mtundu wa chomerawo ndi wofiira, izi zimakhala zobiriwira ndipo zimakhala ndi kukoma kwamumu.
6. Mosiyana ndi zinyama ndi zofiirira mitundu yofiirira maluwa, mandimu zosiyanasiyana ali ndi maluwa oyera kapena oyera.
7. Basil ya Cuba yayang'ana masamba, ndipo masamba a mandimu amakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira.

   Mafuta a mandimu, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina yonse, ali ndi mafuta oyenera, omwe amafanana ndi mafuta obiriwira.

Machiritso ndi opindulitsa katundu

• Kusintha kwa thupi la mtima.
• Kulimbikitsana kwa tsamba la m'mimba mwa kuwonjezereka kwa kupanga timadzi timatumbo ndi michere.
• Kutchulidwa kwa tonic zotsatira, kusinthasintha kwabwino, kuyang'ana bwino.
• Kuchepetsa makilogalamu m'magazi.
• Kuteteza chitukuko cha khansa.
• Kulimbitsa thupi.
• Kuchotsa minofu ya minofu, kuchotsa poizoni.
• Kulimbikitsa minofu ya kadoti.
• Kuonjezera khungu la pulasitiki polimbikitsa kupanga collagen.
• Kuchepetsa kuchepetsa thupi chifukwa cha limonel - gawo limodzi la mafuta ofunikira omwe amachititsa kuti msangamsanga wa kagayidwe kake kamayende.

Mankhwala amapangidwa pa 100 magalamu a mankhwala

• Kalogalamu wokhutira - 27 Kcal.
• Madzi - 91 g
• Zakudya - zaka 4
• Mapuloteni - 3.7 g
• Mafuta - 0,3 g
• Mafuta osatchulidwa ndi mafuta - 0.04 g

Tsatirani zinthu:

1. zakudya zowonjezera - 0,6 g;
2. sodium, 4 mg;
3. potaziyamu - 278 mg;
4. calcium 16 mg;
5. phosphorus - 54 mg;
6. manganese - 0,89 mg;
7. chitsulo - 3.4 mg;
8. selenium - 0.3 mg;
9. mkuwa - 237 mcg.

Mavitamini:

1. thiamine - 0.03 mg;
2. B2 - 0.076 mg;
3. B9 - 76 μg;
4. ascorbic acid - 17 mg;
5. tocopherol - 0,7 mg;
6. phylloquinone - 414 mcg;
7. Niacin - 0.9 mg;
8. choline - 4 mg;
9. retinol - 265 mcg;
10. B5 - 0.3 mg.

Contraindications

• Kusasamvana kwa wina aliyense.
• Fever.
• Mimba ndi lactation.
• Msuzi wamagazi wambiri.

Kodi mungagwiritse ntchito komanso momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito?

Mafuta a basil amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, zouma komanso zam'chitini. Chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kwa citrus ndi zonunkhira, ntchito zosiyanasiyana zimakula ndi zipatso ndi mabulosi a mabulosi, mavitamini ndi zinthu zophika, zomwe sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana.

M'mawonekedwe ake opangidwa, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga saladi ndi masangweji, odzozedwanso ngati chogwiritsidwa ntchito mu marinade, ndi ouma mmenemo, poonjezera zakudya zophika nyama ndi nsomba, mbale mbale ndi sauces. Komanso, masamba a basil a mandimu amakhala okongoletsera okongoletsera.

Lemon basil ikugwirizana bwino ndi:

1. nsomba zoyera;
2. nkhumba;
3. mbatata;
4. kaloti;
5. viniga;
6. rosemary;
7. timbewu.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji mutakula?

• Kutentha Lemon basil ndi chomera chokonda kutentha. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kukula kumakhala madigiri 25-28 masana, ndi madigiri 20 mpaka usiku. Mbewu imabzalidwa mu nthaka yofunda.
• Kuthirira Nthaka imathiriridwa monga mbali zapamwamba za nthaka youma, kusunga mabedi wothira koma osadumpha kwambiri. Amathirira madzi otentha (madigiri 28-30).
• Kuwala Nthawi yosachepera ya tsiku ndi maola 7. Mbeu zimabzala musanayambe kumera ndizomwe zimatetezedwa. Popanda kuunikira, zosiyanasiyanazi zidzakula pang'onopang'ono ndipo zidzasokonezeka.
• Kudyetsa. Nthaka yokhala ndi zokololazi ziyenera kupindula ndi feteleza mchere kawiri kawiri panthawi ya kukula - pakuyamba kwa mbande ndi kumayambiriro kwa maluwa. Phosphorus ndi feteleza potaziyamu (superphosphate, 20 gm pa 10 malita a madzi), phulusa kapena manyowa (1 chidebe pabedi) amakonda.
• Kutsegula. Zimaperekedwa pambuyo pa kuthirira, popeza kusakhala kotsekemera kumadzetsa acidification ya nthaka.
• Kupalira Ndibwino kuti muzipanga maulendo 2 m'masiku khumi, makamaka kuchotsa namsongole mwamsanga ndi mizu yopambana kwambiri.
• Kupopera. Mbewu zikafika kutalika kwa masentimita 10 mpaka 15, zimapangidwira mtunda wa masentimita 20 pakati pa zomera ndi masentimita 40 pakati pa mizere ya mabedi.
• Kusinthanitsa. Zimapangidwa pamene mmera uli ndi masamba owona 6 owona. Chifukwa chotchingira chitsamba chidzakula m'lifupi ndipo sichidzatha.

Zapadera za chisamaliro cha kunyumba

• Kunyumba, kutentha kwakukulu kumawoneka, komwe kaŵirikaŵiri kumatsogolera ku kukula kwakukulu kwa basil. Pankhaniyi, nthawi zonse pinching ndi kuchotsa masamba omwe akufalikira kuti asatayike maluwa.
• Ndikofunikira kuti phindu lina la nthaka likhale ndi feteleza mchere, popeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yochuluka zokhudzana ndi chonde. Kwa kubzala ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yokonzekera.
• Mukakulira pakhomo, ndi bwino kusankha maswindo oposa zinyumba, komanso kuti musalole kutuluka mpweya. Chomera sichimalola mphepo.
• Mukakulira panyumba, kuthirira, kupukuta ndi kumasula nthaka zimapangidwa malinga ndi malamulo omwe amakulira pamtunda.

Kubzala ndi kuswana

Mbewu

1. Kufesa kwa mbewu zomwe zinapangidwa mu April mu mabokosi omwe ali pamtunda wa masentimita 1.
2. Mtunda pakati pa mizera ndi masentimita 5-6.
3. Pambuyo pofesa, nthaka imakhala yophweka kwambiri ndipo ili ndi filimu yotetezera.
4. Firimuyi imachotsedwa tsiku lililonse kwa maola angapo nthawi yotentha kwambiri ya tsiku.

Mbande

Pamene mbande imatha kutalika kwa masentimita asanu, imayikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena kutseguka. Mbewu zimabzalidwa pansi osati kale kumapeto kwa May, pamene kutentha kwa usiku sikugwera pansi pa madigiri 12. Malo otsetsereka amatetezedwa ku mphepo, bwino tsiku lonse.

Cuttings

Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga Lemon basil umafalitsidwa ndi kudulaPachifukwachi, mbali zong'ambika za tsinde zimayikidwa m'madzi kwa sabata limodzi, ndipo zitatha kuoneka mizu, zimabzalidwa pansi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kokolola.

Malamulo okolola

Kukolola kwa zomera kumapangidwa pamene zimayambira zimafika kutalika kwa masentimita 15 (kuyambira kumapeto kwa July). Masamba amasiyanitsidwa mosiyana, mpaka pali mapepala 5-6 otsala pa tsinde, momwe amalekerera mbaliyo. Pakuti nyengoyi ingakhale yopanga 4.

Maluwa a basil saloledwa (masambawo ayenera kuchotsedwa mwachangu), popeza mu masamba awa masamba amakhala ovuta komanso osayenera chakudya.

Masamba omwe anasonkhanitsidwa aphwa mumthunzi ndi kunja, kapena mtolo wonse wa basil amangirizidwa ndikupachikidwa kuchokera padenga. Basil yauma mandimu amasungidwa kwa zaka chimodzi ndi theka.

Kumene angagule mbewu?

Mbewu ingagulidwe mu matumba a mapepala a magalamu awiri pa malo ochezera pa intaneti kapena m'masitolo ogulitsa ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg.

Mitengoyi imakhala yamabulu 13 mpaka 28 ndipo pafupifupi 20.5 mabulle. Mbande imagulidwa makamaka kuchokera kwa wamaluwa wamaluwa, mtengo wa 1 miyala ya sapling 15 mpaka 45 rubles (pafupifupi mtengo ndi ruble 30).

Mukamagula, mvetserani maonekedwe a mbewu (sayenera kukhala owuma, opanda chowonongeka, mtundu wofiirira wofiirira). Pogula mbande yang'anani kukhulupirika kwa mizu ndi nsonga za mbeu.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga Lemon basil

• Fusarium;
• imvi zowola;
• mwendo wakuda.

Izi zimawonetsedwa ndi kuwonongeka ndi kuyanika pang'onopang'ono mizu ndi masamba a chomera.

Njira zowonongeka zikuphatikizapo kutsatira malamulo:

1. kusintha kwa mbewu;
2. Kupalira kupuma;
3. kupatulira ndi kumasula;
4. chithandizo ndi kulowetsedwa kwa peyi anyezi kapena fungicides pachizindikiro choyamba cha matenda.

Kuphatikizana ndi malamulo osavuta a chisamaliro ndi kulima mbewuyi kumakuthandizani kuti mukwaniritse zokolola zautali komanso zakutchire m'munda, wowonjezera kutentha ndi kunyumba, ndi zopindulitsa kukongoletsa chakudya chilichonse ndi kupewa matenda ambiri opatsirana ndi opatsirana.