Zaka makumi angapo zapitazo, ficus inali yotchuka kwambiri moti ingapezeke kwenikweni m'nyumba zonse za Soviet.
Patapita nthawi, iye sanathenso kutchuka, koma tsopano adakhalanso ndi chifundo cha okonda zinyumba za m'nyumba.
Kulongosola kwachidule
Chimodzi mwa mitundu yosazolowereka kwambiri ndi Ficus Retuz. (Ficus retusa) - Mmera umene uli ndi thunthu lakuda bwino, nthambi zambiri za nthambi zomwe zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, masamba obiriwira kwambiri.
Ficus imeneyi imakula makamaka ngati bonsai, yomwe imasiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina ya ficus.
Dziko lachimera la zomerali limatengedwa kuti ndi otentha ku Asia, kumene mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa chilengedwe umakwera mamita makumi awiri m'kukwera.
Kusamalira kwanu
Ficus retuza wokongola chisamaliro chodzichepetsa, choncho, kuti ukhale pansi pa mphamvu ngakhale kwa woyambitsa maluwa - wamatsenga.
Komabe, kuti ficus ikule yaikulu, muyenera kuleza mtima, chifukwa Mitunduyi imakula pang'onopang'ono.
Pakali pano, chomera chachikulu chidzakhala chokongola ndi choyambirira cha mkati, mkati mwa zaka zambiri zimakondweretsa mwiniwakeyo ndi masamba okongola.
Ndikofunikira! Madzi a Ficus ndi owopsya ndipo akhoza, ngati amakhudzana ndi khungu, amachititsa kuti munthu akhale wofiira kapena wokwiya.Pamene mukusamalira chomera muyenera kusamala ndi kuchita zonse zogwiritsa ntchito magalasi a mphira.
Kusamala mutagula
Mutatha kubweretsa ficus kunyumba, muyenera mwamsanga mwamupezere "malo okhala" abwino, kumene angakhale.
Osayika chomera kumene mpweya uli wouma kwambiri, pafupi ndi mabatire komanso dzuwa lotentha. Siyeneranso kuyika pomwe pali zida.
Kuyambira tsiku loyamba, ficus iyenera kuthiriridwa kamodzi kapena kawiri tsiku ndi tsiku.
Tsiku lotsatira, muyenera kufufuza ngati dothi liri lokwanira bwino: ngati nthaka yayuma pa masentimita khumi - chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa.
Musadandaule ngati m'masiku oyamba masiku masamba ayamba kugwa kuchokera ku ficus - motere, amachitira "kunyumba" yatsopano, ndipo posachedwa, mosamala, amayamba kuchizoloŵera.
Kuthirira
Pa masiku a chilimwe, Ficus amafunika kuthirira nthawi zonse - nthaka iyenera kukhala yosungidwa nthawi zonse mdziko labwino.
M'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa mochepa kwambiri.
Kawirikawiri, mtengo umayankha mwachizoloŵezi kuchepa kwa kanthawi kochepa, koma pakakula kukula sikuvomerezeka kuti uume pansi, komanso momwe madzi akukhalira mu mphika.
Korona ayenera kupopedwa nthawi zonse, kuonetsetsa kuti pang'ono ndi kotheka kugwa pa thunthu la madzi.
Ndikofunikira! Kupopera mbewuzo, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito madzi owiritsa kuti asawoneke pachimake pa masamba. Madzi sayenera kukhala ozizira.
Mapangidwe a korona
Poyamba, chomerachi chimakula mofulumira, koma kuchokera chaka chachiwiri ndikofunika kuyamba mapangidwe a korona ndikuchepetsa thunthu kufupika kwake.
Ngati mphukira imapangidwira, mphukira yapakati iyenera kumangirizidwa ku chithandizo.
Ndiye nkofunika kuti nthawi zonse azifupikitsa achinyamata njira imodzi kapena masamba masamba.
M'nyengo yozizira, pamene chomeracho chikupumula, muyenera kudula nthambi, zomwe ziri zolimba.
Nthawi zambiri m'nyengo ya chilimwe ndi chilimwe, ndi bwino kudula masamba atsopano ndi mphukira kuti athetse bwino kukula kwa masamba.
Mbali yamkati ya korona imakhalanso ndi kupopera nthawi.
Nthambi zapamwamba zafupikitsidwa - masamba atatu okha kapena anayi okha otsala, omwe amathandiza kuti nthambi zapansi zikule.
Ngati masamba a ficus ayamba kutembenukira chikasu, ayenera kuchotsedwa. Mphepete, yomwe imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chinyezi, ingakhale pansi pake ikhale ndi mtundu wobiriwira. Nthaŵi zambiri amafunika kutsukidwa ndi burashi yosagwedera.
Nthaka
Kwa Ficus Retuz, ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito nthaka yokonzekera ficuses kapena palmalms.
Mukhozanso kudzikonzekeretsa kukonzekera nthaka mwa kusakaniza mofanana ndi mchenga, humus ndi dongo granulate.
Kuwaza feteleza kumapangidwa ndi feteleza wapadera kwa bonsai kapena feteleza ya padziko lonse pafupi masabata awiri kapena anai m'nyengo yozizira komanso sabata iliyonse kuyambira March mpaka September.
Kuwaza
Pambuyo pa zaka zitatu, kubzala mbewu kumayambiriro kumachitika. Young zomera nthawi zambiri kuziika kamodzi pachaka, kumayambiriro kwa March, m'malo mwake nthaka.
Mitengo yambiri yokhwima imayikidwa kamodzi pakatha zaka ziwiri, pamene mosamala kuchotsa mizu yaying'ono, yomwe ili ndi mpira wothamanga kumapeto kwa rhizome. Musanayambe kubzala, mtsinjewo uyenera kuikidwa mu mphika.
Kuswana
Ficus kuswana ikuchitika m'chaka. Njirayi ndi yophweka:
- muyenera kusankha mphukira yakucha ndi kudula gawo lake lakumtunda;
- ikani kudula muchitetezo cha madzi;
- Pambuyo poonekera mizu (kawirikawiri patatha masabata angapo), ndondomekoyi yabzalidwa pansi.
Kutentha
Ficus Retuz ali bwino kwambiri pa 15-25º C. Zitha kukhala m'nyumbamo kwa nthawi yaitali, ndipo m'chilimwe, pamene kutentha kumatuluka pamwamba madigiri khumi ndi asanu, zomera zimatha kutuluka bwinobwino.
Chithunzi
Mu chithunzi ficus "Retuz": 
Pindulani ndi kuvulaza
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake osadziwika, Ficus Retuz adzakhala chokongoletsera komanso chowonekera mkati, osati mu nyumba kapena nyumba, komanso ku ofesi. Kuphatikiza apo, imatulutsa mpweya, imatulutsa mpweya ndi mpweya komanso imakhala ndi mabakiteriya.
Ngati mutasamala ndikuonetsetsa kuti madzi a mmerawo sapezeka pa khungu (chifukwa chotheka kuchitapo kanthu), chomerachi sichivulaza.
Koma pofuna chitetezo, ndibwino kuyika mphika wa ficus m'dera losafikirika kwa ana ang'onoang'ono.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Kusamalira ficus sikovuta, koma kuti mbeuyo ikhale yathanzi komanso ikukondweretseni ndi masamba ake obiriwira, muyenera kulingalira mfundo zingapo:
- kuthirira mofulumira kumatsogolera kuwonongeka pa mizu ndi kupezeka kwa dusky specks pa masamba;
- kuthirira mochepa zingathe kufooketsa zomera ndikupangitsa masamba kusiya;
- kutaya masamba kungathenso kupezeka chifukwa cha kusintha ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha;
- Kutentha kosakwanira kungachititse tsamba kugwa ndi matenda a kangaude.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a ficus Retuz ndi ntchentche yoyera ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo zomwe zimayamwa madzi.
Pofuna kuteteza kupezeka kwawo ndi kubereka, nkofunika kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse masamba ndi kumathetsa tizilombo tomwe tinalibe nthawi yoti tipeze.
Koma matenda owopsa kwambiri a chomera ichi ndi anthracnose, zomwe mwalakwitsa zingasokonezedwe ndi kuwotchedwa kumawonekera pa masamba kuchokera ku dzuŵa.
Patapita zaka, ficus inabwereranso m'nyumba zathu. Chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwake komanso kusamalidwa kwake, adayamba kukhala wamaluwa ambiri.
Ficus RetuzMmodzi mwa mitundu yosazolowereka ya chomera ichi, wokhoza "kutsitsimutsa" malo alionse ndi kubweretsa kwa iwo mlengalenga wa kuunika ndi kosavuta.
