Anthurium - chomera chobiriwira, maluwa omwe ali m'banja la Aroid kapena Aaronkovye. Amagawidwa m'madera otentha a Central ndi South America, ku Mexico, Argentina. Dzinali limapangidwa ndi zikopa ziwiri zachi Greek, zomwe zikutanthauza "maluwa" ndi "mchira."
Mitundu yambiri yambiri, yomwe ili ndi mitundu mazana angapo. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi Anthurium Crystal.
Kufotokozera
Crystal Anthurium ndi liana. Ndi kukongoletsa kwambiri ndi maonekedwe ake.
Anthurium Stalk imakula mpaka 25 cm wamtaliNdi wandiweyani, pafupifupi 2 masentimita awiri, wobiriwira. The internodes ndi lalifupi, zotsatira za masamba akugwa amakhala mpaka 1.7 cm.
Masamba amakula pa petioles omwe ali ofiira mtundu wa tsinde. Maonekedwe a masamba ndi ovundala ndi odulidwa m'munsi ndipo ali ndi mapeto otalika, ofanana ndi mtima. Iwo ndi owonda, pafupifupi masentimita 40 m'litali ndi 20 m'lifupi.
Malo awo akunja ndi okongola, ophimbidwa ndi red-brown cilia ochokera pansipa. Mtundu Chobiriwira chobiriwira ndi mitsinje yoyera bwino.
The inflorescence ya Anthurium imapanga mtundu wofiira, wautali, pafupifupi 25 cm, pedicle. Zimapangidwa ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono ndipo ndi olongosoledwa obong'onong'onong'ono - wobiriwira mpaka utali wa masentimita 12.
Maluwa amatha nthawi yaitali. Zimatengera chisamaliro chomwe wapatsidwa. Muzochitika pafupi ndi chirengedwe, icho chikhoza kusamba chaka chonse.
Pambuyo maluwa, imayambira ndi yaying'ono, pafupifupi 1 masentimita, zipatso zoyera ndi mthunzi wa violet zikuwonekera.
Kusamalira kwanu
Nyengo
Anthurium - akukhala m'nkhalango zamvula. Choncho, amasankha kuwala kowala komanso kutulutsa bwino.
Kuwala kumakonda zosiyana koma zowala. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuwonjezera kuunikira kwina kwa chomera. Simungathe kuika mphika ndi Anthurium kutentha kwambiri kwa dzuwa, kotero m'chilimwe nthawi yotentha mumayenera kuchotsa pamalo othunzi. Ndi bwino kulekerera ndi penumbra, koma pachimake pa njirayi sizingatheke. Maluwawo amavomereza kwambiri kusintha ndi kusintha kwa kutentha, ndikofunika kutetezera iwo.
Kutentha kwa mpweya m'chipinda momwe Anthurium amachitira, ayenera kukhala apamwamba kwambiri, oposa 70%. Mu chipinda chouma, duwa liyenera kukhala nthawi zonse sprayed, makamaka maulendo angapo pa tsiku, pomwe silikugwa pa inflorescences. Kuchokera pazimenezi zimasokoneza. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafilimu opangira maonekedwe.
Kuthirira
Kuthirira chomera chomwe chimadziwika kuti chinyezi chiyenera kukhala kawiri kawiri ndi madzi ofunda. Madzi ozizira ndi madzi omwe ali ndi chidebe chokwanira ndilosavomerezeka. M'nyengo yozizira, kamodzi pamwezi kokwanira.
Ndikofunika kulamulira kuti dothi mu mphika suuma komanso kuti palibe madzi omwe akuyenda bwino. Ndikofunika kuti pakhale maluwa abwino.
Kubzala, kuziika
Mutagula duwa m'sitolo yomwe mukufunikira Mubzaleni kwa masiku atatu mpaka iyo idayamba kuuma. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamalitsa, popanda kuwononga mizu yochepa ya zomera. Poto lodzala muyenera kusankha imodzi yomwe ili yabwino kukula kwa mizu. Ndi malo owonjezera, maluwawo amawonjezera masamba, ndipo izi ndi zoipa kwambiri chifukwa cha maluwa.
Makope ang'onoang'ono m'zaka 4 zoyambirira za moyo ayenera kukhala Bwerezerani chaka chilichonse. Iwo amachita izo kuyambira pachiyambi cha masika mpaka autumn. Kenaka Anthurium anaika nthawi 1 mu 2-3 zaka. Izi zachitidwa kuti uwonjeze mphamvu kapena kubwezeretsanso nthaka yomwe yatha zaka zambiri. Pamwamba pa nthaka, yomwe ili yosauka mchere, yoyera, yowononga mbewu, ikuwonekera.
Ground
Kubzala ndi kuika mbewu zimayenera kukonzekera nthaka. Iye ayenera kukhala mpweya ndi chinyezi chovomerezeka, asidi pang'ono, osasunthika. Kuti muchite izi, sungani zitsamba, mchenga wambiri ndi humus. Mukhoza kuwonjezera moss, kudula dongo. Pansi pa madzi osungirako mapiritsi.
Feteleza
Manyowa ndi ofunika kwambiri nthawi ya kukula, kukula ndi maluwa a Anthurium. Kuti muchite izi, mukhoza kugula zinthu zofunikira kwambiri za organic ndi mineral substances kwa zomera zamkati. Mukhoza kuthirira yankho milungu iwiri iliyonse mu masika ndi chilimwe. M'nyengo yozizira, duwa silikusowa feteleza.
Kuswana
- Anthurium yoberekera kumachitika m'njira zitatu:
- kusonkhanitsa
- mwa magawano
- mbewu
Njira yothandizira kumaphatikizapo kupatukana ndi zomera za stem ndi apical cuttings ndi masamba angapo kapena mphukira zowonjezera zomwe zili ndi mizu.
Dulani cuttings amafunika mpeni kenako ikani m'madzi kapena vermiculite mpaka rooting. Mphukira ya mizu imayenera kukhala pansi miphika yosiyana. Chitani icho kumapeto.
Kusiyanitsa kungatheke kasupe panthawi ya kuika. Kuti tichite zimenezi, chomeracho chinachokera pansi, chiyenera kugawanika mosiyanasiyana kuti mbali iliyonse ikhale ndi mizu yodziimira. Zomwe anapeza zimayenera kukhala pamiphika ndikuzisamalira bwino.
Mukhoza kufalitsa mbewu ndi mbeu zomwe zimapsa chipatso, kapena kugula m'sitolo. M'chaka, mbewu zimabzalidwa pamwamba pa nthaka ndikuwaza dziko lapansi. Zipatso zidzawoneka mu miyezi 2-3. Asanafike pamalo okhazikika ayenera kukhala pansi. Pamene masamba enieni angapo awoneke, ikani mu mphika wosiyana.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Anthurium ikhoza kukhudzidwa ndi fungal matenda kapena tizilombo - tizirombo.
Chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa chinyezi pambali ya chomeracho kumawoneka imvi, imasonyeza kuoneka kovunda. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kusiya kuthirira, kuchotsa zowonongeka ndikuika maluwa mu nthaka youma.
N'zotheka maonekedwe a fungus matenda anthracnose. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, mbali zina za zomera zimayamba kuuma pozungulira, kenako zimafa. Maluwawo amatha kufa. Mukatenga kachilombo kakang'ono, mukhoza kuchotsa masamba odwala ndikupanga malo ocheperapo. Ngati zowonongeka kwambiri, chomeracho chiyenera kuperekedwa ndi kukonzekera kwa fungicide, mwachitsanzo, Kuproksat.
Ngati masamba Tsitsa ndi kuuma Zitha kukhala mu mpweya wouma. Chotsani mbali zowonongeka ndikuwonjezera chinyezi.
Pamene nsabwe za m'masamba zikuwonekera, masamba amayamba kukwera ndi kuphimba mawanga achikasu. Ngati kutayika kasupe kumakhala koonekera, ndiye izi zimasonyeza kuukiridwa ndi chishango. Mealybugs amatha kuwona pazigawo zazomera.
Pamene tizirombo tidziwika, Choyamba, m'pofunikira kuchotsa zowonongeka, yambani mphutsi ndi tizilombo akuluakulu ndi excretions ndi swatho ya thonje yothira madzi kapena mowa njira yothetsera.
Crystal Anthurium maluwa okongola kwambiri. Mwa kulenga zinthu zabwino kwa iye, wina akhoza kusangalala chaka chonse cha kukongoletsa kwake.
Chithunzi
Kenako mudzawona chithunzi cha Anthurium Crystal:
