Swedish turnip m'munda wa Russia: kukula swede ndi kusamalira zamasamba

Kasayansi wa ku Switzerland a Caspar Baukhin mu 1620 anapeza koyamba rutabaga ku Sweden. Turnip ndi rutabaga ndi mamembala a banja la kabichi, zomera zimasokonezeka nthawi zambiri, ndipo rutabaga nthawi zina amatchedwa Swedish turnip.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mmene mungamerere mbeu yofunikira pamunda komanso momwe mungapewere mavuto.

Tidzakambilananso za mavuto omwe anthu ambiri amakumana nawo, kukula kwa rutabagu pa malo awo.

N'chiyani chosiyana ndi turnips?

Choyamba, turnips kawirikawiri ndi yaying'ono kuposa swede, kukula kwa mpira wa golf, ndi khungu lokongola, losalala. The rutabaga ndi yaikulu kwambiri, khungu lake lofiira ndi loyera komanso lofiirira, ndi "kolala". Ngakhale pali lingaliro lakuti rutabaga ndizochokera ku Russia, osati chisankho cha Scandinavia, chinthu chimodzi chikuwonekera - ichi ndi masamba a kumpoto, omwe amataya kwambiri kukoma kwake kutentha.

Mzere

Pakali pano, atsopano, ndipo, monga akunena, akutsogolera mitundu patsogolo pawo omwe ayamba kale kuonekera: Lizi, Marian, Ruby. Koma pang'ono amadziwika pa iwo, ndipo kuwatenga sikuli kosavuta nthawi zonse. Choncho, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Krasnoselsky imatengedwa kuti ndi yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa olimi wamaluwa a ku Russian - wolimba pakati pazinthu zonse.

Momwe mungakulire?

Dothi losaloŵerera ndi losavomerezeka ndi loyenera kwambiri kwa turnips.:

• loyam;
• mchenga;
• kulima peatlands.

Pa chomera ichi, ndi bwino kusankha nthaka yonyowa., koma, panthawi yomweyi, musalole kuti madzi asapitirire, choncho dothi ndi dothi la mchenga liyenera kuponyedwa kapena kuchepetsedwa ndi peat.

Malamulo akuluakulu akamabzala rutabagas salikudzala (kwa zaka zitatu) zogwirizana kwambiri ndi zomera, monga turnips, kabichi, mitundu yonse ya radish, koma tomato, nkhaka ndi mbatata amaonedwa kuti ndi okonzeka kwambiri pa mbewuyi.

Konzani mabedi kwa swede kuyambira kugwa kwa feteleza:

• humus kapena kompositi: 2-4 makilogalamu pa 1 mita imodzi;
• 10 magalamu a ammonium nitrate;
• 15 magalamu a superphosphate;
• 15g wa mchere wa potaziyamu.

Swede chifukwa cha chilimwe amafesedwa kumayambiriro kasupe, ndi kusunga m'nyengo yozizira - pakati pa chilimwe. Chigawochi sichinthu chochepa kwambiri, choncho, ndi bwino kuyesa nthawi yabwino yobzala kapena kubzala.

Zomera zimabzalidwa m'njira ziwiri: mbande ndipo mwamsanga pansi.

1. Mmera

   Mbewu imafesedwa miphika kapena muli ndi dothi lapadera losakaniza mpaka 2 masentimita. Mipando imayenera kupezeka mu mbale pansi. Mbande swede iyenera kukula bwino mofanana ndi ina iliyonse: kuthirira, kupopera mbewu mankhwala ndi feteleza. Mabokosi okhala ndi mbande akhoza kuikidwa mwachindunji kunyumba pawindo. Mphukira yoyamba idzaonekera mkati mwa sabata.

   Ndi maonekedwe atatu a mbande, pafupifupi mwezi umodzi pambuyo pake, zomera zimaikidwa mu bedi la munda. Anabzala swede amatsatira nyengo yamvula ndi yamvula. Patangotha ​​masabata awiri mutabzala, feteleza amapangidwa ndi manyowa a madzi, ndipo pambuyo poti mizu imapangidwa - ndi fetereza feteleza.

2. Kufesa pansi

   Kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, nkhuku za Sweden zimafesa, pomwe pamwamba pake pali dothi, pozama pafupifupi masentimita 2.5 ndipo ndi mtunda wa pakati pa masentimita 40. Mwachitsanzo, pa kama pakakhala mita imodzi, malo awiri amakhala ofanana, akukhala kutali. Nthanga za masambawa ndizochepa, choncho zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mochepa: hafu ya gramu ya mbewu imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa bedi la mabwalo asanu. Pambuyo pa pulasitikiyi, zimayendetsedwa ndi peat (kapena zina zambiri) ndi kuthirira.

Tsegulani kusamalira munda

• Pamene mbande imakhala yolimba ndipo mwachiwonekere imayamba kusokonezana wina ndi mzake - ndi nthawi yochepetsera 4 masentimita pambali, ndipo pamene zomera zili ndi masamba anayi, zimapangidwanso mpaka mtunda wa masentimita 15.
• Chimodzi mwa zinsinsi zazikulu za kutuka bwino kapena kubzala sopo ndi nthaka yonyowa, choncho grooves iyenera kuyambitsidwa musanayambe. Pofuna kuti chinyezi chifike kumbewu, mabedi amamangidwa, ndipo patatha masiku ochepa amathetsa kutsika kwa nthaka.
• Panthawiyi, kwa swede, njira ziwiri zoyenera kutulutsira pakati pa mizere zimafunika, kwa nthawi yoyamba kufika masentimita 10, masentimita asanu, ndi 2-3 udzu.
• Zitha kuchitika kuti m'munda ngati kuti mbeu zikupangidwira - izi sizowopsya, zikhoza kuikidwa pamalo ena, chinthu chachikulu: pamodzi ndi gawo. Koma zomera zamphamvu kwambiri ziyenera kutsalira pa bedi lalikulu, kupanga mizere mu chitsanzo cha checkerboard.
• Pakati pa chilimwe, ndibwino kuti manyowa a swede akhale ndi njira yothetsera manyowa: 1:10 (pamene gawo limodzi la zinyalala, magawo 10 a madzi), ndi kuwerengera pafupifupi 10 malita a njira pazitsulo zisanu. Njirayi ingathe kutsanuliridwa pakati pa mizere ya madzi okwanira nthawi zonse popanda phokoso.
• Pamene nyengo ikukula - iyi ndi nthawi ya kukula kwambiri kwa mbeu, swede amafunika kuthiriridwa kangapo pa sabata, komanso pang'onopang'ono.
• Swede - chomera chokonda kwambiri chinyezi, choncho panthawi yopuma, ndi bwino kuthirira pa mlingo wa 2 malita pa 1 m2, ndipo kenako 7-8 malita, pamene mukuthira nthaka kuti muzitha, osati pamwamba.

Zolakwitsa zambiri mu ulimi

Kwenikweni, izi ndi zosankha za dothi ndi malo pa bedi (ndibwino kukhala kumbali ya kumpoto kwa chiwembu), komanso kuyeza kwa ulimi wothirira: zosokoneza - muzu wa mbeu umakhala wovuta komanso wowawa, wothirira kwambiri - zipatso zimataya kukoma kwawo ndikukhala madzi. Choncho, ndi bwino kuthirira mabedi ndi turnips nthawi zambiri, koma yesetsani kuti musawasefukire.

Kusonkhanitsa ndi kusungirako

Kuyambira kukula kwa turnips, muyenera kudziwa zolinga zake: kaya zikhale zopangira kuphika, kapena chakudya choyenera.

Ndibwino kuti musabweretse swede, yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa chakudya chaumunthu, kulemera kwake kuposa makilogalamu 1, koma ikhoza kuchotsedwa pa bedi ikafika pamtunda wa masentimita 6.

Kukolola ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zimayambira kusanayambike chisanu, kudula nsonga ndi mizu yaing'ono. Ndi bwino kusunga swede mu cellars mumabokosi, kukonkha muzu masamba ndi mtsinje mchenga kapena peat, kutentha osadutsa 4 ° C. Ngati malowa ali kumbali yakumwera, ndi nyengo yotentha, swede akhoza kukumba ngati pakufunika.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Kuchokera kwakukulu kwa swede - kuchepa kwa tizirombo ndi matenda. Adani aakulu a zomera izi ndi awa:

• Cruciflo utitiri.

  Amamenyana nawo mothandizidwa ndi phulusa la nkhuni, akutsanulira pakati pa mizere.

• Kabichi Fly.

  Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timapanga chisakanizo cha naphthalene ndi mchenga, mu chiwerengero cha 1:10, chomwe chimagwiritsanso ntchito mzere wa mzere, ndikubwereza ndondomeko pambuyo pa masabata awiri.

Kodi mungapewe bwanji mavuto?

Palibe yankho lachilengedwe kwa funso ili, koma pali zidule zingapo zomwe ziyenera kudziwika:

• Mineral substances. Phosphorus imapatsa kukoma kwa swede, ndipo ngati chomeracho sichitha boroni, thupi lake limakhala lofiira ndi lopsa.
• Pofuna kupewa matenda opangira mbewu, mbewu zimatenthedwa kutentha: madzi amayaka 50 ° C ndipo mbewu imayambidwa kwa theka la ora, kenako imayidwa mu nsalu ndipo imasakanizidwa ndi mchenga wa calcined.

Rutabaga ndi gwero la vitamini C ndi fiber, folic acid ndi potassium. Kafukufuku wina wa ku Britain anazindikira kuti masamba awa ndi owopsa kwambiri (kuphatikizapo zipatso zolimba: dzungu ndi mpiru) - komabe, pambuyo pake, mmodzi mwa anthu asanu mwa anthu omwe anafunsidwawo adanena kuti ndi amene anavutika mu khitchini. Koma mavuto awa, komanso osati kulima kosavuta, sayenera kukulepheretsani, chifukwa izi ndizochitika pamene kuyesetsa kulipira.