Malo okongoletsa okongoletsa: zinthu za kulima ndi zothandiza za munda

Zakudya zonunkhira, munda kapena masamba - gwero la masamba atsopano komanso nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zothandiza kwambiri, zofunikira mafuta ndi tannins.

Mankhwala opatsirana ndi mavitamini omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga analgesic, bactericidal, antispasmodic ndi diuretic.

Kuwonjezera pa masamba ndi nyama mbale zimathandiza kufulumira matenda a m'mimba, mutu, chizungulire, zilonda zam'mimba ndi chimfine.

Mizu yatsopano ndi yowuma bwino imagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zonunkhira pokonzekera zakudya zosiyanasiyana. Ganizirani za zonunkhira za m'munda zowonongeka bwino, komanso kuti mudziwe ngati chomeracho ndi chosatha kapena ayi.

Ndi chiyani?

Garden savory ndi chaka chimodzi semi-shrub uchi zokometsera chikhalidwe cha mtundu Chabber ku banja Laminary.

Malongosoledwe a zomera

Chomera chomera chomera. Nthawi yakukula ndi masiku 50-55 ndipo amadziwika ndi kuwonjezeka kwa masamba. Imani shrub, mwamphamvu nthambi. Maluwa otalika (kuyambira July mpaka October).

Mbewu imakula bwino ndipo imayenera kubzala kwa zaka 6-7 mutatha kukolola. Wodziwika ndi kudzidula. Chikhalidwe cha uchi. Pophika, amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zakudya zokometsera zokometsera, komanso mankhwala omera.

Mayina ena:

• conds;
• munda;
• munda;
• Saturea;
• zonunkhira bwino;
• chaka chilichonse;
• udzu wa tsabola;
• udzu wa nyemba;
• chob

Dzina lachilatini ndi Satureja hortensis. Dzina la Chingerezi ndi Savory.

Kulawa ndi kununkhira kwa chomera ichi chokoma

Nthaka yonse ya mbewuyi imatulutsa zokoma zokometsera zokometsera, zokometsera zokometsetsa, zokhala ndi zokometsera zina ndi zonunkhira. Chomeracho chimakhala ndi fungo labwino, kukumbukira thyme ndi kuwonjezeka kwa njala.

Maonekedwe ndi chithunzi

Shrub imatha kutalika kwa masentimita 70-75. Muzuwo uli wowongoka, mu gawo uli ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, woonda, mpaka 18-22 masentimita yaitali. Zimayambira nthambi, ndipo zimakhala ndi nthambi zambiri, zopanda nsalu zofiira, zomwe zimatalika kufika masentimita 30.

Masambawo ndi obiriwira, obiriwira, masambawo ndi opapatiza, ndipo amakhala ozungulira, kufika mamita 1.5-2.5 m'litali. Maluwa amera mu tsamba axils, chapamwamba chotchedwa ssile, m'munsi - pamagetsi ochepa, okonzedwa mu zidutswa 3-5 mu chimodzi chimodzi ndikupanga zolekerera zochepa.

Calyx mpaka masentimita 4 m'litali, wofiira, wolondola. Corolla: wofiirira kapena pinki mu chidutswa chofiirira. Chipatso cha chomerachi chimayimilidwa ndi mtedza wa ovoid-triangular, wofiira kapena wofiira.

Mutha kuona mu chithunzi momwe chomerachi chikuwonekera:

Mbiri ndi chikhalidwe cha malo

Malo okongola ndi mayiko a Kum'mawa ndi Mediterranean. Zolemba zoyambirira za zomerazi zimapezeka m'malembo ochokera ku Roma Yakale, kumene udzu wa tsabola unkawongolera kukumbukira ndi kusamala. Poyamba ankasindikizidwa pakati pa oimira a ku Italy.

M'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chitatu mphambu zisanu ndi zitatu zapitazo, mbewu zoyamba kubzala zinayamba ku Ulaya, kumene zimabwerera mwamsanga ku mayiko onse chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo komanso kukula kwake. Pakalipano, kukula kwakukulu komweku kumachitika ku Southern Europe, Turkey, Crimea, ndi Central Asia.

Kusiyanasiyana kwa chikhalidwe chogwirizana

1. Chosungira chimakhala chokhazikika chomwe chimapanga shrub, ndipo thyme ili ndi chomera chochepa, chofalitsa.
2. Chizolowezi chokula komanso kukula kwa masamba.
3. Zakudya zamtengo wapatali za mafuta abwino ndi mafuta oyenera zimasiyanitsa ndi thyme ndi timbewu ta timbewu tonunkhira.
4. Fungo labwino ndi lodzaza, balsamic, thyme ndi yosavuta ndi yokoma, ndi timbewu tonic.
5. Mosiyana ndi thyme yatsopano, yatsopano imatha kuthetsa kuyabwa pambuyo poziluma tizilombo ndikuchepetsa kutupa.
6. Mzu wokongola ndi wosakwatira, molunjika, ndipo thyme ili ndi mizu yolimba kwambiri.
7. The inflorescences of savory ndi ochepa, thyme ndi ozungulira.

Zothandiza ndi kuchiritsa katundu

Machiritso a machiritsowa ndi owopsa chifukwa cha mafuta ofunika kwambiri, omwe ndi ofunika kwambiri ndi carvacrol, terpenes, cymol.

Mafuta ofunikira amasonyeza zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Kuwonjezeka kwa kudya.
• Kuwonjezeka kwachinsinsi cha chapamimba ndi m'matumbo a m'mimba.
• Zowonongeka pang'ono, kuthamanga kwa minofu.
• Kuwonjezeka thukuta.
• Anthelmintic kanthu.

Manyowa, ntchentche ndi phula zomwe zimakhala ndi zokhala ndi mphamvu zamphamvu za astringent ndi diuretic zotsatira, bactericidal ndi antiseptic katundu.

Zizindikiro ndi zotsutsana

Zisonyezo:

1. Matenda opweteka kwambiri.
2. Peptic chilonda.
3. Matenda a nyamakazi, ululu wosaneneka wa ziwalo ndi msana.
4. Kulemera kwa thupi.
5. Matenda opatsirana kwambiri.
6. Matenda a m'mimba osagwira ntchito.
7. Angina

Contraindications:

1. Mimba
2. Nthawi yogwirizana.
3. Matenda a mahomoni.
4. Ana a zaka zoposa 3.
5. Kusasamvana kwa wina aliyense.
6. Fever.
7. Matenda a impso pachigawo chachikulu.

Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu ndi mmera

Zinthu zolima: kutseguka kapena pamalo otentha, panyumba - mabokosi kapena matope. Chomera sichimalola frosts, thermophilic ndi wachikondi. Mumthunzi umataya fungo ndipo umakhala wouma.

• Kukonzekera Mbewu. Ntchito zina zophunzitsa zimayenera. Mbewu imatsanuliridwa ndi madzi kwa mphindi 3-5, kenako mdimawo umachotsedwa. Mwina musanayambe mumadzi kwa tsiku limodzi.
• Kukonzekera kwa dothi. Dothi liyenera kukonzedwa bwino, lachonde, lotayirira, modzichepetsa. Savory imamera bwino mu dothi loamy ndi mchenga.
• Kufesa mbewu. Zapangidwa pakatikati pa March kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April. Mbewu imafesedwa mu grooves mpaka mozama osaposa masentimita imodzi, kenako nthaka imathiriridwa ndi kutsika. Mabedi apamwamba amadzaza ndi phulusa, humus kapena manyowa. Kuonjezera kumera pogwiritsa ntchito "Agrospan."

  Mizere ili ndi 40-50 masentimita pakati pa mizere. Nthanga zosungira zimamera mkati mwa milungu 3-4, popanda kuchepa kwa mvula yamasika imachepetsedwa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuthirira mobwerezabwereza pakhalebe kutentha kwakukulu. Pachifukwa ichi, mbeu zabwino kwambiri zimakula makamaka pofesa mbewu mu March mu mbande.

• Kubzala mbande. Amamera masentimita 4-5 kutalika amakaikidwa pamalo osatha mu Meyi. Anabzala mbande mozama kuposa 5-7 masentimita. Mitengo ikafika kutalika kwa masentimita 10-12, kupatulira kumachitika, kuzisiyidwa pamtunda wa 15-20 masentimita.

Chisamaliro

1. Kutentha. The optimum mpweya kutentha ndi 23-28 madigiri, chinyezi - 40-50%.
2. Nthaka. Savory ali ndi zofunika kwambiri za kubereka kwa nthaka. Iyenera kukhala ndi umuna katatu pa nthawi ya kukula. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yonyowa.
3. Kuwala. Tsiku lowala liyenera kukhala maola 8 osachepera. Pomwe pali kusowa kwaunikira, mabedi amdima amagwiritsidwa ntchito kubisa mabedi kapena nyali za fulorosenti.
4. Kuthirira. Zimapangidwa pamlingo wa malita 10 pa 1 mita imodzi ya nthaka. Kuyanika ndi kuchotsa nthaka sikuloledwa.
5. Kudyetsa. Nthawi yoyamba ikuchitika panthawi ya mphukira, yachiwiri - pamene zomera zimafika kutalika kwa masentimita 10-12, lachitatu - panthawi ya maluwa. Monga fetereza, humus, kompositi, manyowa (osaposa 1 nthawi), phulusa la nkhuni, fumbi la fodya, nitroammofosk (15 magalamu pa 10 malita a madzi), ndi urea (10-20 magalamu pa mita imodzi) amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
6. Kutsegula. Zimaperekedwa pambuyo pa kuthirira, ngati dothi loamy limagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso kawiri pa mlungu mutakula mu nthaka zina. Kupalira Amakhala osachepera 1 nthawi pa sabata.

Kodi ndi nthawi yotani komanso yokolola yotani?

Masamba a zomera akhoza kusonkhanitsidwa panthawi yonse ya kukula, zomwe zidzatsimikizira kukula kwake mpaka chisanu choyamba. Gawo lalikulu la mbeu liyenera kukololedwa kumayambiriro kwa mvula (kumapeto kwa July, August), kudula zimayambira ndi mpeni kuti zisapitilire masentimita 10.

Zakudya zimadyetsedwa mwatsopano komanso zouma.

Njira yokolola:

1. Phulani udzu wochepetsetsa pa tsamba latsopano ndikuwumitsa kwa sabata mu chipinda chabwino cha mpweya wabwino.
2. Udzu ukauma, masamba ndi mitsuko ya maluwa amang'ambika ndipo amasamutsidwa kumagalasi a magalasi kapena matumba a nsalu.
3. Chomera chonsecho chimapachikidwa ndi mabedi a maluwa ndipo amadikirira kuti mbewu zigwe (mkati mwa masiku 3-5).

Mbeu zokhwima ndi zofiirira, pafupifupi zakuda. Mutatha kusonkhanitsa mbewu, zouma ndi kusungidwa m'matumba a nsalu kwa zaka 6-7.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Garden savory ndi wokonzeka kuvunda ndi powdery mildew. Matenda amathandizira kuwonjezera ulimi wothirira ndi kusowa kwa kuwala.

Mawonetseredwe:

• kuwonongeka kwa mizu;
• maonekedwe a mawanga oyera pa masamba;
• kuyanika chomera.

Zotsatira zoletsa: kutsatira malamulo a kumwetsa ndi kupalira, kuchiza mbande pa zizindikiro zoyamba za matendawa ndi Actellic njira kapena fungicide.

Ubwino wa mbewu zina

Kusungira kumakula bwino pafupi ndi zikhalidwe monga:

1. mchere (tomato, tsabola, mbatata, eggplant);
2. kabichi;
3. nkhaka;
4. mbewu ndi nyemba.

Fungo lenileni la savory limathandiza kuteteza zomera zina ku slugs, Colorado kafadala ndi tizirombo tina.

Sitikulimbikitsidwa kubzala munda wokongola pafupi ndi thyme.

Mafuta onunkhira - osadziletsa podzala ndi kusamalira zonunkhira, kupereka zokolola zambiri, zomwe zimayenera kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa chakudya kwa zaka zingapo.

Garden savory amachita ntchito ya yokongola ndi mankhwala chomera, ndibwino kuti mulowe mumunda ndikukhala mnansi wabwino wa mbewu zambiri. Kusungira osati kumangopatsa mbale zosaŵerengeka ndi zonunkhira, komanso kumawonjezera chilakolako, kukumbukira kukumbukira, kuteteza chitetezo komanso kutaya zakudya.