Hoya - ampelnoe chomera, ndi cha mtundu wa zitsamba zobiriwira ndi Lian.
Komanso amatchedwa ivy wax.
Hoya imakula ku South ndi kum'mwera chakum'mawa kwa Asia, Polynesia ndi Australia.
Chochititsa chidwi! Chomeracho chimatchedwa katswiri wa sayansi Scottish Brown pofuna kulemekeza mzake mnzake wachinyumba chachingerezi, dzina lake Thomas Hoy, yemwe adalima zomera m'minda ya Duke wa Northumberland.
Mavuto abwino kwambiri kukula
Malo ndi kuunikira
Hoya amasankha bwino kuunikira, mosavuta kulekerera kuwala kwa dzuwa. Koma mu dzuwa lotentha, pa masamba a mpesa akhoza kupanga kuyaka.
Hoya imayikidwa bwino kumawindo akumadzulo ndi kummawa. Ngati ankhondo, mofananamo, ali pawindo lakumwera, ndiye m'nyengo ya chilimwe, hoy ndi bwino kupanga kuwala kosavuta (kuponyera pansi pazenera).
Ndikofunikira! Hoya sidzaphulika pazenera za kumpoto.
Kutentha kwake: nyengo ya chilimwe-yozizira
M'nyengo ya chilimwe, kutentha kwakukulu kwambiri kwa hoyi, komwe kumakula mu malo am'chipinda, kudzakhala madigiri 25 Celsius, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira - osachepera madigiri 16.
Ngati m'nyengo yozizira kutentha kudzadutsa madigiri 20 Celsius, ndiye kuti maluwa otentha a nyengo azikhala ochepa komanso opanda pake.
Ndikoyenera kuti nthawi zambiri tilowe mu chipinda chomwe hoya imakula, koma popanda kupanga zojambula, monga chomera chikhoza kufa.
Malangizo othandizira hoya
Kuthirira: chilimwe-chisanu
Hoya - chomera chokonda chinyezi. Mphesa imathiriridwa kwambiri kuyambira mu March kufikira mwezi wa Oktoba, koma imakhala ndi madzi okwanira kwambiri nthawi za chilimwe.
Mukangozindikira kuti nthaka yayuma, muyenera kuthirira madzi ndi madzi olekana. Musaiwale komanso kusamalira hoey: kuchotsa zimayambira ndi nthaka pansi pa chomera.
Kuyambira November, ndi bwino kuchepetsa kuchepetsa madzi. M'nyengo yozizira, chomeracho sichimafuna chinyezi chambiri, kotero kuti chingakhoze kuthiriridwa kwa masiku 4-5 patatha nsonga yapamwamba. Kutentha kwa madzi kwa ulimi wothirira m'nyengo yozizira ayenera kukhala wamtendere.
Mukudziwa? Ngati hoya sichitha madzi okwanira, ndiye kuti mizu ina ya zomera imatha ndipo nyengo ikukula.
Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tizitha kukula bwino kwa mbeu ndi maluwa, mu nyengo ya masika ndi yophukira, kumiza madzi pamtunda wa madigiri 30-40 kwa theka la ora, ndipo nthaka ndi mizu yake kwa maola awiri.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Hoya siikufunira pa nkhani za chinyezi. Koma sizingakhale zodabwitsa kukonkha zomera nthawi ndi chilimwe.
Ndikofunikira! Pamene kupopera mbewu mankhwala a hoya, chinyezi sichiyenera kugwera pa maluwa.
Kupaka pamwamba
Pa nyengo yokula, hoya iyenera kudyetsedwa milungu iwiri iliyonse. Ndibwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito zovuta fetereza feteleza. M'nyengo yozizira, zomera sizifuna kudyetsa.
Muyenera kudziwa! Musanayambe kuthira manyowa, muyenera kuzitsanso mbeu (kwa zomera zazing'ono, kuziika chaka chilichonse).
Kuwaza
Ndikofunika kubzala mbewu ya munthu wamkulu zaka zitatu. Chomeracho chimakonda nthaka yowonongeka kapena yopanda ndale (pH 5.5 mpaka 6). Komanso, tikulimbikitsanso kuti tizilumikiza chomera chaka chilichonse (mpaka zaka zitatu).
Tsamulani modzichepetsa kunthaka. Gawo labwino kwambiri la izo lidzakhala chisakanizo cha dongo-sod, wowonjezera kutentha ndi tsamba lapansi (2: 1: 1). Nthaka yachiwiri: dongo-sod, tsamba la nthaka, mchenga ndi peat (2: 1: 1: 1).
Posankha dothi, muyenera kuganiziranso mtundu wa hoya. Mwachitsanzo, Hoya Prekrasnaya amakonda chisanganizo cha humus, nthaka yowirira, peat, mchenga komanso gawo la makala.
Ndikofunikira! Hoey nthawi yobzala ndi kuika zina zimafuna madzi abwino.
Hoi kubereka kunyumba
Kubereka kwa sera kunyumba kungathe kuchitidwa m'njira zitatu: hoya kuchokera ku mbewu, kukulumikizanitsa ndi kubalana ndi kuika.
Ngati iwe udzakhala mwini wake mbewu ya hoi, zimabzalidwa pansi, zopangidwa ndi nthaka yosakaniza ndi peat moss. Amamwe madzi ambiri komanso patapita sabata, mbewu zimayamba kumera. Mbande ya mbewu ya hoi iyenera kukhala yothira, koma osati madzi. Mphika wa mbeu uyenera kusungidwa pamalo otentha komanso owala.
Kuteteza ana a nkhuku kuchokera ku matenda a fungal, kuwawaza iwo ndi njira yothetsera zamkuwa. Pambuyo pa miyezi itatu, mphukira ikamasula masamba awiri, ikani mitsuko yosiyana.
Chochititsa chidwi! Pezani nthanga zapakhomo zokhala pakhomo ndizosatheka.
Njira yotsatira yobweretsera ndi kudula hoya. Zimayesedwa njira yodalirika komanso yosavuta yolima mbewu.
Kudula kumene mukufuna kubzala kuyenera kukhala pafupifupi 10 masentimita. Choi cuttings akhoza kukhazikika mu madzi ndi nthaka.
Mukamera mumadzi, mumakhala ndi zochepa zowonjezera. Mu zojambulazo, pangani mabowo a cuttings. Musaiwale kudzaza tangi ndi madzi.
Siyani awiri a masamba apamwamba pa cuttings, ndipo chitani gawo la pansi ndi muzu kukula stimulator. Dulani zidutswazo mumapangidwe omwe ali m'zitsulo.
Pamene rooting cuttings, kwambiri mulingo woyenera kwambiri kutentha ndi 22 digiri ya kutentha. Musaiwale kuti chinyezi nthawi zonse ndi chofunikira kwa cuttings.
Kuti muchite izi, ikani thumba m'chitengeracho ndi tizidulo, tisiye chingwe. Choncho, chinyezi chidzakhala chokhazikika, koma cuttings sichidzatha.
Hoya cuttings imayamba kuphuka pambuyo pa masabata awiri. Ndikofunika kudzala njira zowakhazikika pansi pa malo osatha, monga kulima mizu kunachepa tsinde, ndipo cuttings idzakhala yofooka kwambiri.
Komanso, cuttings ingabzalidwe nthawi yomweyo mu gawo lapansi. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yowala, kuti madzi owonjezera athe kuyenda momasuka.
Musanabzala, cuttings ndi zofunika pangani mizu. Phika ndi gawo lapansi liyenera kuyimitsidwa, monga zomera zosadziwika zimathandizira mosavuta matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizirombo.
Cuttings ayenera kubzalidwa mozama kuti mtolo wa m'munsi uli ndi dothi. Kukula cuttings motere, chinyezi nthawi zonse amafunikanso.
Timachita chimodzimodzi monga momwe tinayambira kale: timayika thumba la pulasitiki loyera ndi dzenje pa cuttings. Pakatha masabata atatu, zizindikiro za kukula kwa zomera zidzawonekera.
Njira yachitatu ndi Kutulutsa nkhumba ndi kuika. Njira imeneyi imathandiza kuti mukhale ndi maluwa m'chaka chodzala. Pa tsinde la chomera chakale, pangani kachilombo kakang'ono ndikuphimba ndi mvula yonyowa, kuphimba ndi pulasitiki.
Pamene mizu imawonekera pa tsamba la mankhwalawa, gawo ndi mizu imadulidwa ndikubzala mu mphika wamuyaya.
Ndikofunikira! Kwa kubalidwa ndi kuika, ndibwino kuti tipeze zimayambira zomwe zatha.
Hoya - chomera chosangalatsa ndi chokongola. Kusamalitsa komanso kudziletsa. Ndi kuyang'aniridwa bwino, mudzawona pachimake chaka chilichonse.
