Osati munda aliyense akhoza kudzitama ndi kabichi wokoma ndi yathanzi m'munda wake. Sitikufuna madzi okwanira nthawi zonse, komanso kusamalira mosamala.
Vestri ndi imodzi mwa zokololazo, zomwe zimaonedwa ngati zopanda nzeru komanso zopanda nzeru. Komabe, yemwe amakonda ntchito yake saopa mavuto aliwonse. Mavuto omwe anakumana nawo mu kulima adzalandira kukoma kokoma komanso kowala!
Ponena za momwe izi zimasiyanasiyana, momwe zimayambira ndi momwe zingamerekerere ndi momwe angasamalire, zidzakambidwa m'nkhani yothandizayi.
Ndemanga yosakanizidwa
Vestri (F1) - chomera champhamvu chokhala ndi mitu yaikulu kuyambira 4 mpaka 8 kg. Maonekedwe ake adzakondweretsa diso la munthu aliyense wamaluwa: lalikulu, masamba obiriwira, mtundu wokongola wobiriwira wokhala ndi phula pang'ono, wokwera tsamba la rosette. Mitu ya cabbages ndi yofiirira, yozungulira, yofiira pamtunda. Kabichi ali ndi tsinde lalifupi la mkati ndi chingwe chamkati chamkati. Zophatikiza ndi zofunika kwambiri. Chiwerengero cha kukula kwa malonda ndi pafupifupi 90%.
Mbiri ya
Vestri amachokera ku zinyama zakutchire zomwe zawonekera ku Western Europe ndi Africa. Anayamba kuonekera ku Spain wakale. Malo omwe amatchedwa wosakanizidwa "aschi." Popeza kabichi mwiniyo ankafuna kusamala kwambiri, anthu ankasunga zinsinsi za kulima kwake. Kenako Vestri anafalitsa m'madera a Ufumu wa Roma, Greece ndi Egypt.
Dziko lachiwiri la wosakanizidwa ndi Russia. Alimi athu, otchuka chifukwa cha khama lawo lalikulu, ankadandaula za kulima kwake. Kabichi anali chinthu chamtengo wapatali chomwe anthu wamba angathe kuchipeza.
Buku lakale la Buku la Kievan Rus ("Izbornik Svyatoslav"), lomwe linali ndi gawo losiyana, lakhalapo mpaka masiku athu. Idawonetsa chitetezo ndi njira zogwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa wosakanizidwa.
Kusiyana kwa mitundu ina
Vestri, mosiyana ndi mitundu yambiri, amadzitetezera. Ndibwino kuti mupange saladi, chifukwa masamba ake ndi okoma komanso okoma. Chifukwa cha kukoma kokoma, mtundu uwu ndi wabwino kwambiri pokonza. Mkazi aliyense ayenera kudziwa kuti zosiyanasiyanazi ndizofunikira kwa sauerkraut.
Mphamvu ndi zofooka
Ubwino:
- kukana ndi matenda;
- kukula kwakukulu;
- bwino;
- kusakanikirana pakuphika;
- kufanana mu mawonekedwe;
- zokolola zazikulu.
Kuipa:
- kumakula motalika;
- yosungirako nthawi yayitali;
- okalamba osauka;
- kusinthasintha ndi kuthirira n'kofunika.
Malangizo okhudza kusamalira ndi kukwera
Kodi ndingagule bwanji mbewu ndi kuti?
Kawirikawiri mbewu za kabichi zikhoza kugulidwa pa sitolo ya intanetiKomabe, pali zosiyana. Mtengo wa iwo uli pakati pa mabasi 15 mpaka 40 pa ma PC 10.
Kusankhidwa kwa masitolo ku Moscow ndi St. Petersburg:
- Moscow, m. Rokossovskogo Boulevard, Open w., 14, p.2.
- Moscow, m. Komsomolskaya, Riga gawo, 3.
- Moscow, siteshoni ya metro ENEA, st. 1st Ostankino, d.53 (TC "Rapira", padilion 26E).
- Moscow, sitima yapamtunda ya VDNKh, Prospekt Mira, d 119, VDNKh park, padilion 7, holo 2.
- Moscow, m. Maryina Roshcha, ndime 3 ya Marina Grove, 40, tsamba 1, r.11.
- Moscow, m Timiryazevskaya, st. Yablochkova, d. 21.
- St. Petersburg, siteshoni yamakilomita Ladozhskaya, Zanevsky Ave., d.65, nyumba yachiwiri, malo osungirako malonda Platform.
- St. Petersburg, siteshoni ya pamzinda Pionerskaya, Kolomyazsky pr., D.15, tsamba 2.
- St. Petersburg, Moscow, st. Altai, d.16.
Ndi liti pamene ndibwino kuti muzule chomera china?
Kuyambira pamene Vestri ndi pakati pa kabichi (nthawi yochokera kumera mpaka kukhwima zatsopano ndi masiku 85 mpaka 95) imbani izo mwamsanga momwe zingathere. Nthaŵi yoyenera ndi kuyamba kwa March.
Mmera kukonzekera
Poyambira, kabichi imakula bwino muzitsulo zosiyana (gwiritsani ntchito miphika ya peat). Malingana ndi nyengo, dziwani nthawi yobzala pamalo otseguka. Chomera mbande ziyenera kukhala pamene zakhala zokwanira kale komanso zakhazikika. Komabe, zikhala zabwino ngati mutachita kale, chifukwa chomeracho chidzakhala ndi nthawi yochulukirapo kuti mudziwe malo atsopano.
Mbande za kabichi zimakula bwino mu dzuwa, chifukwa usiku kulibe kutentha kwake. Momwemo, mbande zimakula bwino ndipo zimakonzedwa kulima kuthengo.
Kutentha ndi nthaka
Kabichi ikhoza kulimbana ndi kuzizira, koma imakonda kutentha ndi kuwala. Mitu yokonzekera imayima kutentha kuchokera ku -5 mpaka -8 °. Kutentha pamwamba + 25 ° kumaonedwa kuti ndi koopsa kwa Vestri. 15-18 С ° - amalingaliridwa bwino.
Mitundu imeneyi imakhala ndi nthaka yabwino kwambiri. ndi otsika acidity. Okonzeratu bwino ndiwo nyemba, nkhaka ndi mbatata.
Komabe, mbewu iliyonse yomwe imalandira feteleza okwanira idzachita. Kuchuluka kwake kwa mbeu ndi 1.5-2.5 masentimita. Ndiko kuti mbeu ya kabichi idzabzalidwe kuti ikhale yabwino.
Kusamalira masamba
Kabichi yomwe yabzalidwa pamtunda ayenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi otentha (18-23 °). Hypothermia ikhoza kudwala ndi hypothermia. Vestri amafunikira chinyezi nthawi zonse: makamaka mutabzala mbande ndipo mutangotenga mutu. Mmerawo umathiriridwa kangapo patsiku. Chinthu chachikulu - musachigonjetse. Apo ayi, masamba adzavunda.
Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo mvula kapena kuthirira, mapiri amafunika! Njirayi ikuchitika musanafike kutsekedwa kwa rosettes ya masambawo. Ndondomeko ikuchitika 2-3 nthawi, idzalola kupanga mizu yowonjezera.
Top dressing pamaso rooting mu lotseguka pansi
- Choyamba chovala anagwira sabata ndi theka atatha mbande:
- ammonium nitrate - 2.5 g;
- superphosphate - 4 g ;;
- potaziyamu kloride - 1 g.
Zosakaniza zonse zimasungunuka mu lita imodzi ya madzi.
- Kuvala madzi kachiwiriPatapita sabata: ammonium nitrate - 3-4 g.
Sungunulani mu lita imodzi yamadzi.
- Kuvala madzi atatu, yomwe imachitika masiku angapo musanabzala mbande:
- potaziyamu kloride - 2 g ;;
- superphosphate - 8 g ;;
- ammonium nitrate - 3 g
Komanso sungunulani mu lita imodzi yamadzi.
M'nthawi ya kukula kwa kabichi amadya zinthu zambiri kuchokera kunthaka. Choncho, wosakanizidwa amafunika kudya mokwanira. Vestri amamvetsa bwino zachilengedwe. Pansi panthaka yolima, ndi zofunika kupanga manyowa, ndipo m'chaka imasowa nayitrogeni, potaziyamu ndi phosphorous. Ndifunikanso kuika manyowa kumdima wosazama.
Kukolola
Kuyambira nthawi ya dzuwa mpaka kukhwima laukali ndi masiku 85-95, kukolola kuyenera kuchitika mu July ndi August. Kabichi sivuta kusonkhanitsa; Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kudziwa zinthu zina, kutsata zomwe zidzasunga mtundu wa masamba. Mukufunikira mpeni kapena spatula (ngati mukufuna kukumba kabichi ndi muzu).
- Pang'anani mopepuka mutu wa kabichi, kusiya masamba apansi ndi mwendo wathanzi (kutalika kwa 3 mpaka 5 cm).
- Musaike mitu ya kabichi pansi. Ndi bwino kuziyika pa nthaka kapena chidebe.
- Ngati mukufuna kabichi, gwiritsani mitu yodula m'munda. Masamba apamwamba ayenera kusindikizidwa.
- Mukamakumba wosakanizidwa m'nthaka, mosamala mosamala mizu ya dothi ndikuchotsa masamba a chikasu.
- Dya kabichi ndi mizu pa nthaka yomwe idayikidwa.
Zomera zokolola bwino zidzasungidwa m'dzinja ndi kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira. Vestri amawononga mofulumira mawonekedwe atsopano (pafupifupi miyezi 3-4), motero ambiri mwa mitu yawo amawomba kuthirira. Pankhaniyi, masamba samataya mavitamini ndi zakudya.
Matenda ndi tizirombo, komanso kupewa
Wophatikiza Vestri wotsutsana mokwanira ndi matenda wamba. Iye saopa fusarium wilt ndi vascular bacteriosis (wakuda kuvunda).
Kabichi samakonda kudya anthu okha, komanso tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Popeza masamba a Vestri ndi okoma kwambiri, ndiwo zamasamba zimagonjetsedwa ndi tizilombo monga:
- babanuha (kabichi tsamba beetle);
- bomba;
- whitefly;
- kabichi ntchentche;
- mbozi kabichi njenjete.
Njira zazikuluzikulu zotetezera ndizochotsedweratu zitsamba zowonongeka kuchokera ku mabedi, kulamulira udzu, ndikumba nthaka musanadzalemo. Nthawi zonse perekani mbewuyo ndi madzi ndikutseketsa nthaka ndikuimeretsa ndi humus. Gwiritsani ntchito misampha yosiyanasiyana pogwiritsa ntchito fodya monga nyambo (fungo la chomera ichi limakopa tizilombo todziwa chidwi).
Kuchotsa kabichi ntchentche amafunika kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kulowetsedwa kwa burdockzomwe zimaperekedwa kwa masiku awiri (timayika makilogalamu 2.5 a masamba osweka mu 9 malita a madzi otentha). Sungani chifukwa cha misa.
Motero, Vestri sali pansi poyerekeza ndi zinyama zina. Ngakhale kuti kuli kovuta kukula ndi kutalika kwa kusasitsa, kumakhala bwino kwambiri m'madera akumidzi. Maluwa a masamba obiriwira adzaphatikiza chakudya chilichonse, adzakupatsani zest. Ngati mukuchita bwino kuika masamba, ndiye kuti kukoma kwa Vestri kukukondweretsani inu ndi okondedwa anu.
