Aliyense amadziwa za phindu la sipinachi ndipo samakana izi. Komabe, mosasamala za izi, iye si mlendo kawirikawiri ku mabedi a wamaluwa wamakono. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti ambiri sadziwa malamulo a kukula ndi kusamalira sipinachi panja.
Ndipo chifukwa cha kusadziwa amakhulupirira kuti iyi ndi nthawi yowononga nthawi. M'nkhaniyi muphunziranso za momwe mungabzalitsire mbewu za sipinachi mumtunda kapena m'munda, ngati mukufunikira kuti muzitha kuimitsa, komanso kuti muwone momwe mbewuyi ikuwonera pa chithunzicho.
Nthawi yobzala: m'chaka, chilimwe ndi autumn
M'chaka, chifukwa cha kuyambira kwa mtundu wautali ndi chizoloŵezi chofulumira, mitundu yokololapo monga Mulunguri, Virofle, Giant, Spokane yabzalidwa.
Thandizo! Komanso kumayambiriro kwa chaka, mwezi wa March, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yotchedwa Victoria idzakhala yoyenera, chifukwa tsinde la zinthu zosiyanasiyana limayamba pang'onopang'ono.
Polima m'chilimwe, kumapeto kwa May - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June, Stoik kapena Sturgeon wokhala ndi sipinachi yabwino kwambiri. Ndi m'chilimwe, mitundu iyi imapereka zokolola zambiri.
Chifukwa chodzala kumapeto kwa autumn mu November, mitundu yabwino monga Zhirolistny, Korenta, Blyumselsky chifukwa chotsutsa tsvetushnosti.
Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti zosiyanasiyana za Matador, zomwe zingabzalidwe kuyambira kumayambiriro a masika mu March mpaka m'mwezi wa November. Zimagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu ndipo zimakhala zochepa patapita nthawi.
Palinso mitundu yomwe imakula kupyolera mu mbande kapena mbeu.
Mukamera mbande mumagwiritsira ntchito thermophilic mitundu ya New Zealand kapena Matador. Mbewu za mbande zofesedwa mu March kapena kumayambiriro kwa April.
Kubzala mbewu pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya Victoria, Giant, Matador ndi Berry. Ndiwo otchuka kwambiri. Mitundu iyi imatha kukhala wamkulu chaka chonse mu wowonjezera kutentha. Kumalo otseguka, mitundu iyi imafesedwa kuyambira March mpaka June. Pakuti yophukira yokolola - m'ma August, chifukwa yozizira - yofesedwa mu September kapena October.
Kumene kuli bwino kuchita: mumthunzi kapena dzuwa
Pakuti kukula sipinachi kumayenera bwino malo omwe kulibe madzi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ziyenera kukhala pamtunda waung'ono. Chinthu chapadera cha sipinachi ndi kulekerera kwake mthunzi. Ikhoza kuyesedwa bwino mumthunzi kapena malo amdima.
Mapepala a Leaf adzakhala amphamvu, koma akhalebe achikondi ndipo sipadzakhalanso mkwiyo mwa iwo. Kuti mbeu iziwoneke mwamsanga, sipinachi chomera kumapiri otsetsereka.zomwe zimatetezedwa ku mphepo yozizira. Ngati malo onsewa ali kumtunda, ndiye kuti kufesa kumachitika m'mabedi, wokhala ndi mipanda yokhala ndi mipanda.
Chinthu chapadera cha sipinachi chikugwirizana ndi ambiri okhala mmunda. Choncho, palibe chifukwa choganizirira oyamba omwe akuyamba pa webusaitiyi. Koma zomwe muyenera kumvetsera ndi chiwerengero cha zopatsa chakudya. Mitundu yapamwamba yowonjezera yowonjezera mbeu, ndibwino kuti sipinachi ikhale yabwino. Tsambali lidzagwirizana ndi chikhalidwe chilichonse cha masamba, kupatula beets.
Kodi mungakonzekere bwanji dothi?
Yabwino kwambiri sipinachi yoyenera kusakaniza nthaka. Kutanthauza kuti, loamy kapena nthaka yamchenga yokhala ndi asidi otsika. Simungakhoze kubzala chomera mu nthaka yamchere. Mu nthaka yotere, kukula kwake kudzachedwa. Pofuna kukonza mapangidwe a nthaka, m'pofunika kubwezeretsa manyowa.
Ngati nthaka ikukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zobzala, zotsatirazi ziyenera kutengedwa.:
- Kugwa kuti apange nthaka phosphate-potaziyamu feteleza.
- Onjezani mlingo wa mlingo wa feteleza wa nayitrogeni, ndi theka lachiwiri - m'chaka.
- Ngati dothi liri losauka kwambiri, ndiye musanafese 1 m2 kupanga 5 g wa phosphorous, 7-9 g wa nayitrogeni ndi 10-12 g wa potaziyamu.
Zosiyanasiyana zowonjezera pa tsamba
Ponena za kukolola, mitundu yonse ya sipinachi imagawidwa mu: oyambirira, pakati pa nyengo ndi mitundu yochedwa. Mitundu yoyamba kucha kucha kubzala pansi:
- Virofle;
- Mulungu;
- Chithunzi;
- Gigantic;
- Stoic.
Mitundu ya nyengo ya pakatikati yotseguka:
- Blumsdelsky;
- Mariska;
- Chowoneka;
- Matador;
- Leafy.
Mitengo yakucha yolima kulima:
- Victoria;
- Korent;
- Spokane.
Chithunzi
Kenako mudzawona momwe chikhalidwe ichi chikuwonekera pa chithunzichi:
Mbewu
Momwe mungasankhire ndi kukonza mbeu, ndikofunika kuti zilowerere?
Musanabzala, muyenera kusankha mbewu zapamwamba ndikuzikonzekera. Kusankhidwa kwa mbewu kumapangidwa mwadongosolo. Sankhani mbewu zomwe palibe zopanda pake. Kenaka, amafunika kuti alowe m'madzi ofunda. Mbeu ya sipinachi imakhala ndi chipolopolo cholimba kwambiri, kotero amafunika kulowera kwa maola 24-48.
Mbewu idzakhala yokonzeka kubzala pamene chipolopolochi chichepetsedwa ndi madzi. Muyenera kuyika chidebe cha mbeu pamalo otentha ndikusintha nthawi. Mbeu ikatha, imachotsedwa m'madzi, imangouma pang'ono.
Kenaka, pangani mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi manganese. Lembani mbeu yosankhidwa mu 1% yankho la manganese kwa mphindi 20. Pambuyo kutsukidwa ndi madzi ndikupita molunjika kumalo otsika.
Momwe mungabzalidwe?
Pofuna kubzala mbewu pamtunda, yesani kuchita izi:
- Samasulani nthaka ndikuyiyesa.
- Pamene mutsikira pamabedi, pangani mulu ndikuwuteteza ndi matabwa.
- Pezani mizere pa bedi la munda, kusunga mtunda wa masentimita 15-20 pakati pawo.
- Mtunda pakati pa zomera uyenera kukhala wa masentimita 7 mpaka 10.
- Pa 1 mita2 Gwiritsani ntchito 4-5 magalamu a mbewu.
- Musamabzala zomera kukula, izi zimachepetsa kukula kwawo.
- Dimples m'mabedi amathira madzi ofunda.
- Kufalitsa mbewu mu grooves.
- Phizani mbewu ndi nthaka.
- Dulani kwambiri nthaka.
- Pofuna kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa madzi ndi kuchepetsa maonekedwe a namsongole, muyenera kudula nthaka ndi udzu, masamba owuma kapena udzu.
Tikukupemphani kuti muwone kanema momwe mungabzalitsire mbewu za sipinachi:
Kodi mukuyenera kubzala mbeu pambuyo pake kapena mutatha kukolola?
Pofuna kupeza mbeu mu chilimwe kapena nthawi yaitali, njere zikhoza kufesedwa patapita kanthawi. Sungani mbeuyi mutatha kukolola.
Mmera
Njirayi imayamba ndikukula mbande zokha. Iyo imakula muzitsulo zosiyana mpaka mphukira zoyamba zikuwonekera. Kenaka, konzekerani mbande kuti mubzalidwe ndikutumiza kuti mutsegule pansi. Pamene mukukonzekera mbande kubzala muyenera kukhala osamala kwambiri, popeza sipinachi ili ndi mizu yofooka kwambiri.
Kenaka pitirizani kubzala. Mu grooves pa mabedi pa malo akugwetsa mbande, yokutidwa ndi lapansi, ophatikizidwa ndi kuthirira madzi otentha.
Kusamala poyamba
Kusamalira sipinachi n'kosavuta. Zimaphatikizapo kupatulira, kuthirira bwino ndikudyetsa zakudya.
Kupopera
Njira yoyamba iyenera kuchitika pambuyo pa tsamba lachiwiri loona. Zotsatira pamene wandiweyani, kupatulira kumachitika kotero kuti zomera zimalandira kuchuluka kwa mpweya wokwanira.
Kuthirira
Iyenera kukhala yachizolowezi. Mafuta atatu a madzi amafunika pa mita iliyonse. Kuthirira uku kuyenera kuchitika 2-3 nthawi pa sabata. Pamene youma ndi nyengo yotentha mumathera madzi okwanira ambiri.
Kupaka pamwamba
Ngati chomera chikuwonetsa kukula kochepa, ndiye kuti feteleza feteleza ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa ulimi wothirira. Potash kapena feteleza a phosphate sangagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati kuvala pamwamba.
Ndi zomera zotani zomwe zikugwirizana kwambiri?
Sipinachi imatha kuzika mizu ndi zomera, koma zabwino ndi mbatata, tomato, nyemba, radishes ndi kohlrabi.
Kodi chodzala chisanadze ndi chiti?
Zosakaniza sipinachi zingakhale mbatata, nkhaka, tomato, tsabola, ndi zukini. Pofuna kupewa kutayika kwa nthaka, sipinachi imakula m'dera limodzi mutatha zaka 3-4. Pambuyo pa sipinachi, pa nthaka yonse, mungathe kubzala Yerusalemu atitchoku, rutabaga, radish kapena radish, daikon, katran, mpiru kapena zina zoterezi kapena mizu.
Chikondi kuti muyesetse thanzi lanu ndi zokonda zanu zomwe mumakonda, ndiye sipinachi ndi yabwino kwa inu. Chomera chodzichepetsa, ndi kulima ndi kusamalira bwino, chidzakhala chida chofunikira kwambiri popanga luso lophika. Kuwonjezera apo sipinachi imathandiza kulimbitsa thupi ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zopindulitsa.zomwe zasungidwa mmenemo.
