Mitengo yamtengo wapatali imatengedwa kuti ndi yamtengo wapatali koma m'malo mwake imakhala yopanda chisanu. Zipatso zokha zimathandiza kwambiri chifukwa cha mavitamini: C, B1, B2 ndi B6. Chipatso choyamba chikuwoneka mu chaka chachiwiri ndi kuwonjezeka kwina kukolola.
Chiwerengero cha fecundity chimayamba m'chaka chachisanu, mitundu yambiri ya chikhalidwe imalola kusonkhanitsa, kuyambira chilimwe ndi kutha mu October. Ndi chisamaliro chapamwamba, malingana ndi mtundu umene mumasankha, mtengo ukhoza kubala zipatso za makilogalamu 40.
Nthawi yobzala: nthawi yabwino
Nthawi yabwino yofika pakhomo - m'dzinja kapena kumayambiriro kwa kasupe. Mukamagula sapling pafupi ndi November, ndibwino kuti mubzale kale. Njira yabwino ndiyo October, chikhalidwe chaima kale kukula kwake, ndipo kwa mwezi womwe ulipo mpaka chisanu chikhoza kuphuka.
Migwirizano imatsimikiziridwa payekha payekhapayekha, kulingalira za nyengo ndi malo a mitundu. Chifukwa cha mizu yosazama, sikuvomerezeka kudzala zomera zosagonjetsedwa nthawi yamadzinja.
Kuphika kasupe kwa mitundu yosagonjetsedwa kumadera akum'mwera kungakhalenso vuto. Kutentha kwadzidzidzi kudumpha masana kapena usiku kukuika chitetezo chawo pangozi. Pakatikati pa Oktoba ndibwino kwambiri - zolakwika za engraftment ndizochepa.
Mukudziwa? 20 zipatso zamatcheri zimayenderana ndi aspirin piritsi.Ndi nyengo yoziziritsa yozizira, chikhalidwe chisanafike chisanu chimakhala ndi nthawi yokwanira yokwanira, ndipo mapiri adzapulumuka m'nyengo yozizira. Chifukwa cha kulemera kwake, mbande zimagulidwa chisanakhale chimfine, kuziika mpaka nyengo yachisanu. Yophukira kubzala yamatcheri amapereka mwayi wopititsa patsogolo chitukuko cha mizu, imene ikuyenda ndi kuthamanga kwa kukula.
Kusankha malo okhala
Kusankha bwino malo, kulingalira zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti chitukuko chitukule bwino, chimakhala ndi gawo lalikulu.
Kuunikira ndi kuteteza mphepo
Kusankhidwa kwa malo abwino kwambiri kudzakhala malo okwera, okongola bwino opanda kuwala. Mbande zokhazikitsidwa zimafuna chakudya chimene chimapangidwa pamasamba panthawi ya dzuwa. Ndikofunika kuti miyezi igwe pamtengo kuyambira m'mawa mpaka madzulo, ndipo ndikuyenera - kukhala mpaka madzulo. Pofuna kupewa kutentha, kuzizira ndi kuyanika kwa maluwa a maluwa, sankhani malo otetezedwa ku mphepo yozizira.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kupewa oyambirira maluwa mu kasupe ndi kuzizira maluwa, m'pofunika kuphimba lalikulu chisanu wosanjikiza wa thunthu mtengo ndi kuwaza pamwamba utuchi kapena nthaka udzu. Choncho, pachimake chidzasuntha pafupi sabata.Mphepo yamkuntho imatha kuwononga kwambiri tsamba lanu. Mitengo imakhala yofooka kwambiri, makamaka nthawi zonse yomwe imafota, imathyola (nthawi zina ndi mizu), ndipo chisanu sichikupezeka mu bwalo lapafupi. Amapweteka mphepo, osasiya chitetezo ku chisanu. Imodzi mwa njira zothetsera vutoli ndizo Ichi ndicho chiyambi cha zolepheretsa ku zomera zosagwedezeka ndi mphepo. Adzasintha malingaliro awo, pamene adzidutsa okha, motero amachepetsa mphamvu zawo.
Dothi la chitumbuwa
Ndi nthaka yochepa chabe, komabe dziko lowala ndi lachonde ndilofunika kwambiri ndipo limapereka zotsatira. Kufufuzira mpando kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zokonda za mbeuyo kuti zikhale mvula yambiri komanso yachonde yomwe ilibe madzi apansi ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndipo imatsutsana ndikulima m'madera otsika, mitsinje. 
Chifukwa cha malingaliro a munthu payekha, musanabzala, muyenera kudziwa kuti ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino. Phulusa la Wood kapena kuchuluka kwa ufa wa dolomite kumathandiza kuthetsa udothi wa nthaka. Fungo la chimbudzi limadulidwa kunja kwa ma pristvolnyh ndi mawerengedwe a 1 kg pa 3 sq. M.
Kuti mudzikondweretse nokha ndi okondedwa anu ndi mankhwala othandiza ndi okoma, ndi bwino kudziwa momwe mungayamire, owuma, kusunga yamatcheri, konzekerani masamba a chitumbuwa.
Kukonzekera ndi kubzala mbande
Tidzakambirana za kubzala, zomwe zimayamba ndi kugula kwa chitumbuwa mbande mu kugwa.
Kusankha ndi kukonzekera kubzala
Amagulidwa muzipinda zapadera, ndipo mu minda ikuluikulu mungasankhe mbande za zaka zitatu zomwe zidzakusangalatseni chaka chamawa. Ndibwino kuti musankhe mitengo yeniyeni kapena iwiri yomwe ili ndi mizu yokhazikika bwino, nkhuni yokhwima ndipo musaiwale:
- Okalamba a msinkhu, zovuta zidzakhala zovuta.
- Ganizirani pa mitengo yochepa (70-80 cm).
- Mzuwu uyenera kufotokozedwa bwinobwino, osadulidwa.
- Makungwawo ndi ofiira kwambiri a sofiyusi opanda nsalu zobiriwira.
Ndi bwino kukonzekera chomera musanayambe kuzizira - kuika mu okonzeka bwino, prikopat muzu ndi tsinde, kusiya kokha wokutidwa nsonga, kutsanulira. Kudyetsa kudzakhala kumapeto kwa maluwa, isanayambe mphukira - izi zidzakhala chiyambi chabwino cha kupambana.Pitani kukonzekera
Kuyala maenje ayenera kukonzekera pasadakhale, masabata 2-3 asanakhale. Kuyambira kwa maenje odzala ndi chifukwa cha kubzala kwa nthaka, ndi nthaka yopanda mphamvu - kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 80, kuya - 50-60 masentimita. Pamene chonde, makamaka ngati nthaka yakuda, - kutalika kwake kudzakhala masentimita 60, kuya- 40-50 cm.
Tekeni yamakono
Okonda omwe sadziwa kwenikweni zinthu za yamatcheri, nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi funso - momwe angabzalidwe mu kugwa.
Mfundo ndiyomweyi: timasankha chingwe chokwera chachitsulo kumbali imodzi, m'munsi mwake. Kenaka, chingwe chapamwamba chimasakanizidwa ndi 1: 1 humus ndi kuwonjezera kwa zitini zosakwana lita za phulusa. Timapanga tchire tating'ono mu dzenje, timayika mtengo, timaphimba ndi nthaka yachonde ndi madzi mochuluka.
Mukudziwa? Chiwerengero cha zipatso zokololedwa kuchokera ku mtengo wa chitumbuwa cha chaka chifikira zidutswa zikwi zisanu ndi ziwiri.
Kenaka timadula dzenje lonse pamwamba ndi nthaka yachonde kuti muzu wa mizu ukhalebe pansi. Timayendetsa bwino komanso timakhala ndi kompositi kapena humus. Pofuna kupewa mphepo kuti isasunthike pamtengowu, ikani nkhanza kuganizira malo a mtengo kumpoto. Apanso, tsukani, tsanulirani chidebe cha madzi. Kuti tipewe kuzizira pamaso pa kuzizizira, timayenda mpaka masentimita 20-30 mu msinkhu. Mtunda woyenera ndi mamita atatu kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake.Masamu a sukulu zosiyana
Posankha mmera, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti ndizopindulitsa. Taganizirani zina mwa momwe mungamerekere chitumbuwa mu kugwa, pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri. Chipatso cha ovary cha maluwa chimapezeka chifukwa cha mungu kuchokera ku mitundu ina ya mungu yomwe ikukula pafupi ndi pistil yake.
Mbewu yokhazikika, mungu wochokera mungu wawo pamtunda uliwonse pa nthawi ya maluwa, ndiyo njira yodalirika kwambiri yosonkhanitsa olemera. Chinsinsi cha kusankha bwino ndikuteteza chisanu, matenda, komanso kukoma kwake. Mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya zipatso yamaluwa a chitumbuwa:
- "Morozovka". Kusiyanitsa kukoma kwa zipatso, kukolola mu July.
- "Turgenevka". Olimba kwambiri. Iyamba kubala chipatso mwa July, yabwino kukolola.
- "Shpanka". Ndi wodzichepetsa, wotsutsa matenda, yozizira-wolimba mokwanira. Zipatso ndi zazikulu, sizikhoza kunama kwa nthawi yaitali.
- "Zhukovskaya". Kukoma kochedwa ndi zipatso zazikulu.
- "Ashinskaya". Wodzivulaza, wozizira kwambiri, wosadzichepetsa.
- "Vladimirskaya". Zokoma, zabwino kwa kupanikizana. Zimatuluka mu July.
- "Lubskaya". Zopindulitsa kwambiri, chisanu chakumana. Zimatuluka mu July.
- "Msonkhano". Matenda osagonjetsedwa, chisanu chimagonjetsedwa.
- "Wopatsa." Wodzibala bwino, amapereka zokolola zabwino, kukoma kowawa.
Ndikofunikira! Ndikofunikira kuganizira zofanana ndi zomera zina zomwe zimabzalidwa pafupi. Popeza mtengo uliwonse wa zipatso kapena shrub umasiyanitsa chinsinsi chake, kutuluka kwa thupi kumakhudza kwambiri oyandikana naye.Zakudya zamakiti zimayenda bwino ndi yamatcheri, mphesa, ndi mitengo ya apulo. Pafupi sayenera kukhala blackcurrant.
Mabwenzi abwino angakhale omwe amachotsa zakudya zowonjezera, osamenyana ndi zakudya komanso mizu yawo ili m'magalimoto osiyanasiyana. Ndifunikanso kuthetsa funsoli, pamtunda wotani kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake kudzala yamatcheri. Chida chodzala chimasulidwa, mtengo waukulu - 2 x 3 m, wamtali - 3 x 3 mamita (3 mamita pakati pa mizere ndi 3 mamita kuchokera).Malingana ndi mtundu wa chitumbuwa - kaya ndi mbalame, kumva, besseya - padzakhala malamulo osiyana pa chisamaliro cha chikhalidwe.
Kusamaliranso kwa mbande
Mitengo ya Cherry imakondedwa ndi amaluwa ambiri, osachepera amodzi, koma amawoneka pa tsamba lililonse. Mbali imodzi yokha iyo ili ndi zipatso, ndipo pamzake - simungakhoze kusonkhanitsa pang'ono, zifukwa ziri zosayenera.
Kubzala mitengo mu kugwa sikovuta, makamaka mkhalidwe wathu, yamatcheri samawopsyeza chilala ndi chisanu. Ngakhale mtengo ukatentha m'nyengo yozizira, udzachira msanga kwambiri.
Ndithudi ayenera kusamalidwa ndi chikhalidwe. Ganizirani njira zoyenera zothandizira:
- Kutsegula. Perekani kuchokera kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka frosts, chisanu chisanachitike feteleza chitani kukumba kwa thunthu kuzungulira 15-25 masentimita.
- Feteleza. Kugwa, khalani olimba feteleza monga 150-200 g wa phosphate ndi 60-80 g wa potaziyamu. Komanso, isanafike m'dzinja, gwiritsani ntchito feteleza mu mawonekedwe a manyowa kapena kompositi pamapakati a zaka 2-3.
- Kuthirira Mbeu yamtengo wa chitumbuwa imakhala yosasana ndi chilala, koma imayesetsa kuthirira ndi kuchuluka kwa zokolola ndi zipatso zofutukuka. Kuthirira kumakhala kochuluka, makamaka pa nthawi ya maluwa, kucha kwa zipatso ndi kusanayambike kozizira.
- Mbewu. Ndikofunika kudula m'chaka, kuchotsa nthambi zowuma ndi kupanga korona yoyenera. Dulani nthambi mosamala.
- Chitetezo ku matenda ndi tizirombo. Kupopera mbewu koyamba kuyenera kuchitika kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokula, nyengo yozizira itatha maluwa, kubwereza ndondomekoyi. Nsomba za poizoni zimapewa makoswe ndi tizilombo kuti tisagwidwe. Amapopera otchuka kwambiri ndi urea, Bordeaux osakaniza, DNOC, Nitrofen, iron sulphate.
Kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino mutabzala yamatcheri, musaiwale za teknoloji, kumasula, kukumba ndi manyowa. Panthawi yake kudula, utsi ndi kupanga madzi okwanira. Ndiye kukolola kwabwino sikungatenge nthawi yaitali ndipo kumapangitsa kuti mukhale ndi maganizo abwino komanso maonekedwe.
