Wokongola kwambiri m'munda wanu - wosakanizidwa wamakono "Asvon": kufotokozera, makhalidwe, zida zolima

Masamba a phwetekere amasiku ano amasangalala ndi chikondi choyenera cha wamaluwa. Amalekerera kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa kutentha, nthawi zambiri amadwala, kusangalala ndi kukolola kwakukulu.

Chitsanzo chabwino - Asvon F1, yoyenera kulima poyera pansi kapena wowonjezera kutentha. Nyamayi idzakhala yosangalatsa kwa aliyense chifukwa cha zokoma, zokongola, ndi zipatso zambiri.

M'nkhani yathu mudzapeza ndondomeko yeniyeni ya zosiyanasiyana, mudzadziŵa makhalidwe ake, phunzirani za kukana matenda.

Phwetekere "mpando F1": kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana

Mtundu wosakanizidwawu unalimbidwa ndi obereketsa a ku Russia, omwe adayendetsedwa ndi madera otentha ndi ofunda. Kulima kuli kotheka kumalo otseguka, hotbeds, pansi pa filimu ndi greenhouses. Zokolola ndi zabwino, zipatso zimasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, zimayendetsedwa.

Mpando F1 ndi woyambirira wakupsa wosakanizidwa wa m'badwo woyamba. Chitsamba ndi determinant, chogwirana, ndi zambiri mapangidwe wobiriwira misa. About indeterminantny sukulu werengani pano. Masamba ndi osakanikirana, wakuda. Zipatso zipse ndi zingwe ziwiri za ma PC 5-6. Kukonzekera kuli bwino, kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi n'zotheka kuchotsa 9 kg ya tomato osankhidwa. Pa nthawi ya fruiting, tchire tating'ono timangobatizidwa ndi zipatso ndikuwoneka zokongoletsa kwambiri.

Werenganinso pa webusaiti yathu: Kodi mungapeze bwanji zokolola zabwino kumunda? Kodi mungatani kuti mukule bwino tomato mu greenhouses chaka chonse?

Mitundu ya agrotechnics ya mitundu yoyambirira yakucha. Kodi tomato ali ndi zokolola zotani ndipo ali ndi chitetezo champhamvu kwambiri?

Mphamvu ndi zofooka

Zina mwa ubwino waukulu wa zosiyanasiyana:

• zipatso zoyambirira kucha;
• kulawa kwa tomato;
• zokolola zabwino;
• matenda otsutsa.

Zosowa mu wosakanizidwa sizikuzindikiridwa. Chokhacho ndi chofunika kwambiri cha tomato kuti phindu la nthaka likhale lofunika kwambiri. Pa dothi losauka, zokolola zachepa kwambiri.

Zizindikiro

Tomato ndi yopangidwa ndi cuboid, yokhala ndi nthiti yochepa, khungu loyera lomwe limateteza chipatso kuti chisamangidwe. Kulemera kwa tomato kumakhala pakati pa 70 ndi 100 g. Manyowa ndi owopsa, tomato amasunga mawonekedwe awo bwino. Kukumana ndi kukhuta, kokoma, popanda madzi. Zakudya za shuga ndi zowuma (mpaka 6%). Mtedza wa tomato wofiira ndi wofiira-wofiira, wopanda mawanga obiriwira pa tsinde.

Mukhoza kuyerekezera kulemera kwa mitundu iyi ndi ena mu tebulo ili m'munsiyi:

Tomato ndi abwino kwa kumalongeza, zowonjezera zamkati sizing'ambika, zipatso zamchere kapena za mchere zimawoneka zokongola kwambiri. Mwina kupaka, kuphika saladi kapena mbale. Zipatso ndi zokoma mwatsopano.

Chithunzi

Timakupatsani inu kuti mudziwe bwino phwetekere ya chithunzi Asvon F1:

Zizindikiro za kukula

Mitundu ya phwetekere Asvon F1 ikhoza kukula bwino mmera kapena yopanda mbewu. Mbewu imachiritsidwa ndi wolimbikitsa kukula. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yathanzi ndi yosavuta, kusakaniza kwa dothi la mchenga ndi humus ndilobwino, lingathe kukonzekera.

Mu njira ya mmera, nyembazo zimabzalidwa muzitsulo kapena peat makapu ndi zozama pang'ono; Mu gawo la mapangidwe awiri a masamba oyambirira, mbande zikuwombera ndikudyetsedwa ndi madzi ovuta feteleza.

Zomera zazikulu zimathiriridwa mochuluka, koma osati nthawi zambiri. Panthawiyi, tomato amafunika kudyetsedwa kasanu ndi kamodzi, kusinthana ndi zinthu zamchere. Kugwiritsira ntchito zakudya za foliar, monga kupopera mankhwala a superphosphate.

Werengani zambiri za feteleza osiyana kwambiri ndi tomato:

• Zovuta, zopanda phokoso, zokonzeka, ZONSE zabwino.
• Yisamba, phulusa, ayodini, hydrogen peroxide, ammonia, boric acid.
• Pakuti mbande, posankha.

Sikoyenera kupanga tchire chokwanira, ngati nthambi zowonjezera zikhoza kumangirizidwa ku chithandizo. Ndi bwino kuchotsa masamba apansi kuti apeze mpweya ndi dzuwa ku chipatso. Kuphatikizana kumathandizira kuthetsa udzu.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Mofanana ndi zokolola zina zoyambirira kucha, phwetekere zosiyana siyana zimakhala zogonjetsedwa ndi matenda akuluakulu a tomato mu greenhouses. Muzitetezera, nkofunika kutenthetsa nthaka musanafese mbande kapena kuikhetsa ndi njira yothetsera potassium permanganate. Palinso njira zina zoyenera. Kutseka koyambirira kumateteza zomera kuchokera kumapeto kwa zovuta, pochitika mliri, chithandizo choteteza ndi kukonzekera mkuwa akulimbikitsidwa. Ŵerenganiponso za njira zotetezera phytophthora ndi mitundu zosagwirizana nazo. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi phytosporin kapena mankhwala ena odana ndi fungal kumathandiza kuchokera ku imvi, muzu kapena apical zowola.

Onaninso za Alternaria, Fusarium ndi Verticillis, za njira zothetsera matenda a tomato.

Pewani tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuyendera tsiku ndi tsiku. Mavitamini atsopano a tomato amakopera mawere, nsabwe za m'masamba, whitefly, slugs, Colorado kafadala.

Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono timakololedwa ndi manja, kubzala kumatulutsa ndi pinki yotumbululuka ya potaziyamu permanganate. Pa slugs, madzi ammonia amachita bwino; nsabwe za m'masamba zimatha kutsukidwa ndi madzi otentha, sopo. Zosasuntha tizirombo tawonongedwa ndi mafakitale tizilombo, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ikuchitika 2-3 nthawi ndi nthawi ya masiku angapo.

Chikondi chosakanikirana ngati alimi ndi amaluwa. Kukolola kwakukulu kumatsimikiziridwa ngakhale kwa oyamba kumene, nkofunika kuti musamapange zovala zapamwamba komanso kubzala madzi nthawi.

Mu tebulo ili m'munsimu mudzapeza maundanidwe a tomato ndi mawu osiyanasiyana: