Zizindikiro ndi kufotokoza kwa phwetekere za Gina zosiyanasiyana: kulima ndi kuwononga tizilombo, chithunzi cha phwetekere ndi ubwino wosiyanasiyana

Amaluwa ambiri akuyesa kupeza zabwino komanso zosamalitsa kuti asamalire mtundu wa phwetekere, osagonjetsedwa ndi matenda akuluakulu. Chimodzi mwa zomwe zakhala zikuchitika m'zaka zaposachedwa ku Ulaya ndi nyengo ya pakati pa Gina phwetekere.

Chifukwa cha zizindikiro zake, zimakhala zofala kwambiri pakati pa nyengo ya chilimwe ndi wamaluwa. Nchifukwa chiyani anayenerera chikondi cha anthu? Yankho liri mu kufotokoza kwa zosiyanasiyana, zomwe inu mudzazipeza kenako mu nkhaniyo.

Tidzakhalanso ndi chidziwitso kuti tidziwe mmene zikhalidwe zikuluzikulu zimakhalira, zomwe zimalimbikitsa kulima komanso kusamalira, kuthekera kukaniza matenda.

Phwetekere "gina": kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi kufotokoza za phwetekere "Gina". Iwo anali atachotsedwa posachedwapa, koma kale atchuka kwambiri ndi kutchuka. Chomera ndi chochepa, chokhazikika, tsamba lapakatikati. Shrub siyimira, mpaka 50-60 masentimita pamwamba, ili ndi zimayambira zitatu zikukula kuchokera muzu wokha. Sichifuna garter, mapangidwe, pasynkovaniya.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato "Gina" ndi yaikulu, yobala, kuchokera ku maonekedwe a oyambirira kumera zipatso zonse, masiku 110-120 akudutsa. Burashi yoyamba imayikidwa pamwamba pa mapepala 8, ena onse - pambuyo pa 1-2 mapepala.

Monga tomato ambiri omwe amakula, amakula pamtunda, komanso amakula bwino mu wowonjezera kutentha. Chomeracho ndi thermophilic, koma kum'mwera kwa Russian Federation akhoza kulima mwa njira opanda seed.

Kulimbana ndi kutentha kwakukulu, kotero pamene akufika pamsewu, akhoza kusowa pogona pogona.

Chitsamba chimagonjetsedwa ndi kuchepa kochedwa, verticillosis, fusarium, mizu yowola, TMM. Awonetsedwe ndi tizirombo. Palinso mtundu wosakanizidwa wa chomera: Gina TST. Anakulira patapita kanthawi, kampani ya ulimi ya Moscow "Search".

Tomato wa Gina zosiyanasiyana ndi ozungulira, ophwanyika pang'ono pamwamba, owoneka wofiira, waukulu, wochepa kwambiri, wolemera pafupifupi 200-300 magalamu. Chiwerengero cha zipinda mu chipatso chiri 6-8. Misa yaing'ono ya mankhwala owuma pa phwetekere ndi 5%.

Yerekezerani kulemera kwa mitundu ya zipatso ndi ena ingakhale mu tebulo ili m'munsimu:

Khungu ndi lakuda, wandiweyani. Kukoma ndi kokoma, kosangalatsa, ndi kuwawa pang'ono. Nyama ndi yamchere, yofewa, yonunkhira ndi yowutsa madzi. Tomato ofunika kwambiri, ngakhale wokongola. Chabwino kulekerera kwa nthawi yaitali kayendedwe, nthawi yaitali yosungidwa.

Ngati tomato oterewa amaikidwa mu chidebe chosalala, mwatsekeka ndi chivindikiro ndikuyika kuzizira, ndiye kuti azisunga mwatsopano, maonekedwe ndi kukoma kwa miyezi itatu. Ndi yosungirako bwino, tomato samataya khalidwe lawo lazamalonda ndikulawa bwino kwa nthawi yaitali. Fruiting yaitali, osati wachifundo, anatambasula. Pafupifupi zipatso 3-5 zimapanga burashi imodzi.

Werengani zambiri zokhudza matenda a tomato mu greenhouses ndi njira zothandizira nawo m'nkhani zathu.

Tidzakulankhulani za njira zonse zoteteza chitetezo ndi matenda monga Alternaria, Fusarium ndi Verticilliasis.

Chithunzi

Ndipo tsopano tikupereka kuti tiwone zithunzi za phwetekere zosiyanasiyana za Gina.

Zizindikiro

Gina ndi Dutch zosiyanasiyana. Gina anaphatikizidwa mu Register Register ya Russian Federation mu 2000 chifukwa chokula pakhomo, m'malo obiriwira komanso pansi pa malo osungirako mafilimu. Kulima kwa Gina tomato kumachitika kum'mwera madera a Russia, ku Ukraine ndi ku Moldova. Kumeneko amakula bwino popanda pogona, kunja. Mkhalidwe wovuta kwambiri wa nyengo idzafuna kulima wowonjezera kutentha.

Tomato wa kuikidwa kwa chilengedwe chonse: ndibwino kuti apange madzi, ketchup, phala. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa saladi, pickles. Chifukwa cha khungu lakuda, wandiweyani, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popenga, kusuta.

Zosiyanasiyana zimapindulitsa kwambiri. Ndibwino, kuthirira pa nthawi yake, feteleza, kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi akhoza kusonkhanitsa mpaka 3-4 kg lalikulu, tomato zokoma. Gina ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya phwetekere yosankhidwa ku Ulaya.

Zokolola za mitundu ina zimaperekedwa mu tebulo ili m'munsimu:

Ubwino wake:

• kudzichepetsa;
• fruiting yaitali;
• kukana matenda aakulu;
• zipatso zazikulu;
• chokolola chachikulu;
• kukoma kwakukulu;
• kuyenda bwino, kusunga khalidwe;
• Zipatso zimangosweka pamene kucha;
• sichiyenera kudulidwa.

Wotsatsa:

• chitsamba chikhoza kumenyedwa ndi tizirombo;
• amatha kutentha kwambiri.

Oyenera kuyambitsa amaluwa wamaluwa omwe alibe chidziwitso chokwanira cholima mbewu.

Zizindikiro za kukula

Alimi ena ambewu amanena kuti zosiyanasiyana ndi pakati pa nyengo. Ena amalemba za kukolola koyambirira. Kwa nyengo zosiyana, nyengo yakucha ikhoza kusinthika masiku 85 mpaka 120. Ndi kulima kotentha, kucha ndikumayambiriro.

Tomato ameneŵa amalimbikitsidwa kuti akule ndi mbande. Nthawi yabwino yofesa mbewu za mbande idzakhala mapeto a March.

Pafupifupi njira zonse zowonjezera mbande za tomato, werengani nkhani pa tsamba lathu:

• kukula mu zopotoza;
• mu mizu iwiri;
• mu mapiritsi a peat;
• osankha;
• pa matekinoloje achi China;
• mu mabotolo;
• mu miphika ya peat;
• popanda malo.

Chomera chimakhudzidwa ndi kutenthaChoncho, tchire amaikidwa pamalo osatha pokhapokha nthaka itatenthedwa, pachiyambi kapena pakati pa June.

Zokwanira. m malo 3-4 zomera. Mpaka iwo atakula, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito galasi yazing'ono ku chithandizo. Kupita kapena kupanga chitsamba sikofunikira. Mukakulira kumadera akum'mwera, ndibwino kuti muperekedwe ndi garter, kuti tchire ndi zipatso zikhale pansi. Ikhoza kuteteza mizu kuti isaume.

Kusamalira phwetekere ndi losavuta: kuthirira, kumasula nthaka, kudyetsa, kupalira. Choyamba chodyetsa mbande chimachitika patatha milungu iwiri mutabzala pamalo osatha. Pambuyo masiku khumi, ndondomekoyi imabwerezedwa. Wachitatu kudya - patadutsa milungu iwiri, ndi pambuyo pa masiku 20 - lachinayi.

Werengani nkhani zothandiza za fetereza kwa tomato.:

• Organic, mineral, phosphoric, complex and made-made fertilizer kwa mbande ndi TOP.
• Yatsamba, ayodini, ammonia, hydrogen peroxide, phulusa, boric acid.
• Kodi kudyetsa foliar ndikutani, momwe mungayendetsere.

Pa maluwa zitsamba madzi okwanira 2 pa sabata. Kusamba madzi pa nthawi ya kucha.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Gina sagonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi matenda akuluakulu a tomato, koma nthawi zina amatha kuwonedwa ndi tizirombo: nsabwe za m'masamba, udzu wa mbozi, mkungudza, mbozi.

Kuwona maonekedwe a nsabwe za m'masamba pa masamba ndizosavuta. Pepala ili ndi zowonjezera, zokhotakhota, zamasamba. Pa zizindikiro zoyamba za zomera zowonongeka, mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ochiritsidwa ovomerezeka (kulowetsedwa kwa anyezi peyala, adyo, chitsamba chowawa kapena fodya, madzi a sopo).

Ngati pali tizirombo tambirimbiri, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilumikiza. (Spark, Phyto farm, Proteus, Karate). Wireworm, Medvedka, ndi Khrushchi amakhala pansi pa dothi la pamwamba, kuwononga mizu. Izi zingachititse matenda, komanso imfa ya chomera.

Tizilombo tingathe kudziwika ndi chikhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe a chomera. Amasiya kukula, kutuluka, masamba kutembenukira chikasu, kugwa. Kukonza kokha ndi mankhwala kumathandiza apa: Zemlin, Medvetoks, Corado, Antikhrushch, Konfidor.

Malinga ndi ndemanga za wamaluwa, phwetekere ya Gina - imodzi mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri. Ndi kosavuta kukula, sikufuna chisamaliro chapadera. Poona zofunikira zochepa za teknoloji yaulimi, mukhoza kupeza zokolola zambiri za tomato zokoma kwambiri.