Maluwa ochokera m'banja la orchid akhoza kukula osati pawindo pokha, komanso m'munda. Nsapato za Venus ndizofunikira kwambiri pazinthu izi, ndipo mudzaphunzira zochuluka zokhudzana ndi kubzala ndi kusamalira.
Mapangidwe a duwa la nsapato za venereal
Chombo cha dona cha munda chimadziwika kwambiri ndi kapangidwe ka maluwa ake odabwitsa, omwe anaupatsa dzina. Mbali yake yofunikira kwambiri ndi phulusa lakuya, lomwe liri ndi mawonekedwe otupa omwe amafanana ndi chala cha nsapato. Zinyama zina zonse ndizomwe zilili: zipilala ziwiri zikuluzikulu zimapitirira pamwamba pa inflorescence, ndipo zimatha kumangoyenda kapena kusokoneza pang'ono. Mitambo iwiri imabisika pansi pa maluwa, pamene nthawi zambiri imakula pamodzi. Sepal wokongola kwambiri imapanganso pamlomo. 
Mukudziwa? Nsapato za Venus zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchipatala, kumene zimatengedwa kuti ndi mankhwala abwino chifukwa cha matenda ovuta kwambiri a dongosolo lamanjenje ndi psyche, kuphatikizapo kugwidwa khunyu.
Kuyala zinthu ndi nthaka
Nsapato zobiriwira ndi ntchito yovuta, popeza rhizomes yawo, yoyenera monga kubzala, ndi yotetezeka kwambiri ndipo imatha kuonongeka ndi kuvunda. Choncho chifukwa chodzala ndi bwino kugula zomera mu miphika, ndipo atangokwanitsa zaka zisanu zokha. Chowonadi n'chakuti amatha pachimake pa msinkhu uwu, kotero ngati mutagula zaka zitatu zosabzala, muyenera kuyembekezera zaka zina ziwiri kuti mukhale maluwa oyamba.
Ndikofunikira! Pogula nsapato zoyera m'miphika, ziyenera kumveka kuti dothi limene abzalidwa ndilokutumiza basi, ndipo sayenera kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali. Ndi bwino kubzala maluwa pamaluwa atangotenga.
Ngati, komabe, kugwiritsidwa ntchito pobzala rhizomes, ayenera kukhala ndi mtundu woyera ndi masamba ochepa omwe ali okonzekera chitukuko. Ngati rhizome ndi yakuda ndi yovunda - ndibwino kuti mwaponyedwe panja, chifukwa sichidzapereka zotsatira mu kukula. Nthendayi yokhala yofooka imatha kukula muzaka zingapo, kenako ndi mwayi. Nthaka ya orchids "chotopa cha azimayi" iyenera kusankhidwa mosamala kwambiri: chomera ichi sichidzakula pa nthaka yakuda yakuda m'munda, popeza nthaka yamtundu uwu ndi "mafuta" kwambiri. Pa nthawi yomweyi, nthaka iyeneranso kukhala yowawa komanso yambiri. Ndi bwino kulenga dothi la orchids ndi dzanja, kusakaniza cholinga ichi:
- chowombera chosalowerera;
- manyowa ku masamba akugwa;
- birch zowola;
- mchenga wonyezimira.
Kusankhidwa kwa malo ndi kukwera kwa nsapato zazing'ono
"Nsapato za Kukushkin," monga momwe maluwa akunenedwa amatchulira, zimakula bwino m'malo othunzi, kotero maluwa omwe ali kumpoto kwa nyumbayo amawatsata bwino. Zokongola, ziyenera kubzalidwa mumthunzi wa mipanda, komanso pansi pa mitengo ya zipatso. Chitsogozo chabwino cha malo omwe nsapato zingathe kukhazikika bwino ndi fern, popeza zomera izi ziri ndi zofanana zofanana ndi nthaka ndi shading.
Pofuna kubzala mwachindunji maluwa amenewa, iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'dzinja kapena kumayambiriro kwa masika, pomwe mbewuyo siinayambe kukula. Maenje apadera ndi kuya kwa 30-40 masentimita amakonzedwera chomera, chomwe chimadzazidwa ndi nthaka yokonzedwa kusakaniza (m'katikati mwa dzenje liyenera kufanana ndi kukula kwa mizu ya maluwa). Sizingakhale zodabwitsa kupanga ngalande pansi pa dzenje, lomwe limalimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito miyala yamagazi
Ndikofunikira! Musanadzalemo mutenga zinthu, nkofunika kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala ndi kuchotsa madera onse okhudzidwa ndi izo. Ngati izi sizikuchitika, chomeracho sichitha kukula.
Kufika kwina kumaphatikizapo zotsatirazi:
- Pa malo okonzeka mu dzenje pamalo osakanizika anaika mizu ya chomera ndipo mosamalitsa anawongolera kumbali. Ndikofunika kugwira nawo ntchito mosamala, monga nthawi zina angakhale osalimba kwambiri.
- Mukamabzala, chomeracho chiyenera kukhala ndi nthaka yosanjikiza kuposa 1.5 masentimita wandiweyani. Ngati mukulitsa kwambiri, muyenera kuyembekezera nthawi yaitali maluwa.
- Pambuyo pogona tulo ndi nthaka yosakaniza, imayenera kuthiriridwa ndi kusungunuka, yomwe ikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito moss, singano zapine kapena masamba a mitengo yamaluwa omwe anali ndi nthawi yotaya.
Mukudziwa? Ngati chomeracho chibzalidwa molondola, patatha zaka 4 kukula pamalo amodzi akhoza kufalitsa mizu yake mpaka mamita masentimita makumi asanu ndi awiri, kufika mamita makumi atatu.
Mabwenzi abwino kuti apange nsapato zoyera
Maluwa a orchid "Chotopa cha azimayi" ndi chovuta kwambiri poyanjana ndi abwenzi omwe ali pabedi la maluwa, omwe ayenera kusankhidwa ndi chisamaliro chapadera. Pamwamba tazitchula kale fern, yomwe ili ndi zofuna zambiri monga nsapato, komanso zingakhale zothandizana kwambiri ndi zomera zimenezi.
Ndi bwino kupatsa maluwawa malo omwe amakhala nawo komanso malo ophimba pansi. Zowopsya kwambiri kwa iwo ndi zomera zomwe zimakula mofulumira, zomwe nthawi zina zimatha kutulutsa nsapato za Venus ndikusiya kukula. Pankhaniyi, alimi ambiri a maluwa amalinganiza kuti aziwongolera.
Sungani nsapato za cuckoo m'munda
Kale kumayambiriro kwa masika, chomera chachikulu chikhoza kutsegulidwa kuchokera ku malo osungirako nyengo yozizira ndikumasula nthaka kuzungulira. Pakati pa nyengo yokula, nsapato sizidzafuna chidwi pang'ono, komabe iwo adzazisowa.
Kuthirira
Pafiopedilumu imafuna madzi okwanira, omwe ayenera kukhala ozolowereka. Makamaka, ndi kofunika kuti muwongolitse mabedi ngati mvula yowuma, ngakhale kuti zigawo zakuya zizikhala zokwanira mokwanira. Kumbukirani nthawi yomweyo kuti mvula yambiri idzapindula kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Mu Kusamalira nsapato zoyera ndizofunikira kuti nthaka ikhale yoyera mwangwiro. Nkofunika kuti udzu usachotsedwe, koma kudula pamwamba kuti usasokoneze mwangozi mizu ya nsapato yomwe ili pamtunda.
Kupaka pamwamba
Ngati maluwa otsekemera akudyetsedwa panthawi yake, idzawonetsa kukula kwakukulu. Choncho, kuyambira kasupe akhoza kumera ndi mabwinja a mulch. Kupaka yachiwiri kumalimbikitsidwa kale osati kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, ndipo kenako ndi maluwa okhaokha. Kuti muchite izi, mungagwiritse ntchito zovuta mchere kukonzekera maluwa a maluwa, kuwapukuta ndi madzi theka la mlingo. Ngati tikukamba za maluwa kuti mumadzipangira pakhomo, ndiye kuti mwa iwo muyenera kuthana ndi zomera zokhazokha.
Kubwereza chakudya kumatha kumapeto kwa June, pamene zomera zatha kale maluwa. Koma ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti nsapato za Venus zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuwonjezeka kwa zakudya zowonjezera ndipo zingamwalire chifukwa cha kupitirira malire.
Ndikofunikira! Kumapeto kwa August - masiku oyambirira a September, zomera zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zidulidwe pansi, ndipo pafupi ndi nyengo yozizira, ndibwino kuti mulch azikhala.
Kutentha kwa nsapato
Mankhwala a orchids m'munda, makamaka pankhani ya mtundu wosakanizidwa, ndi otetezeka kwambiri kutentha ndipo amatha kuwongolera mosavuta, ngakhale kuti mercury mu thermometer imatsika mpaka -37 ° C. Komabe Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa nsapato za nsapato za m'nyanja, m'nyengo yozizira ndizofunika kuziphimba ndi chipale chofewa. Ngati mumakhala kumadera akum'mwera kumene chipale chofewa nthawi zambiri sichidutsa kuposa masentimita 1-5, ndiye kuti ndibwino kuti muzitha kuphimba maluwa m'nyengo yachisanu ndi mulch.
Kuberetsanso nsapato zazing'ono
Kuti mupange kubzala kwakukulu kwa maluwa omwe mumawakonda m'mabedi anu a maluwa, nkofunika kudziŵa momwe mzimayiyo amathandizira. Pachifukwa ichi, mungagwiritse ntchito mbeu ziwirizo ndikugwiritsanso ntchito magulu akuluakulu a chitsamba chachikulu. Inde, mutangoyamba kubzala maluwa pamabedi anu, nthawi zambiri mumayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu, komabe njirayi ili ndi vuto lalikulu: kambewu kakang'ono kamatha kungomera patatha zaka zisanu (nthawizina) pofesa (ndipo nthawizina 12), chifukwa amafuna kuthandizana ndi bowa.
Chifukwa cha pamwambapa Nthawi zambiri kubzala msuzi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimagawidwa ndi kubzalidwa ngati zomera zosiyana. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira kuti pafupifupi masamba atatu omwe amakhalapo ndi okonzeka kukula ayenera kukhala pa gawo lirilonse la chitsamba chosagawanika. Onaninso kuti masamba onse amatenga zaka 3-4 kuti apite pansi, pambuyo pake adzabadwa ndikusandulika chomera chokongola.
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kubereka nsapato zowonongeka, mungagwiritse ntchito zomera zokha zokha zaka 3-4. Pogawanika, ndikofunikira kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikuzidyetsa muzitsime zokonzedwa bwino.
Matenda ndi tizirombo to nsapato
Matenda a nsapato zowonongeka nthawi zambiri amayamba chifukwa cha kusamalidwa bwino kwa mbeu, komanso pobzala pamalo osayenera. Ndiponso nsapato zingakhoze kuvulaza:
- Madzi ochuluka kwambiri omwe amachititsa kugonjetsedwa kwa mizu ya fungal zowola.
- Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa rhizomes kachilombo ka duwa.
- Gwiritsani ntchito zipangizo zokhala ndi zipangizo zomwe sizimagwidwa ndi matenda, makamaka pogawanitsa chitsamba.
Pofuna kuthana ndi zovunda ndi matenda ena a nsapato zowonongeka, akulimbikitsidwa kuti azichiritsidwa pogwiritsira ntchito biofungicides. Ngati mankhwalawa akugwirizana ndi "Fitosporin", "Trichodermin", "Alirin-B". Ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito malinga ndi malangizo.Za tizirombo, ndiye nsapato za Venus zimagwidwa ndi tizilombo tonse ndi mphutsi zomwe zimafalikira ku maluwa ena ndi mbewu za m'munda:
- nyongolotsi ya mealy;
- kangaude;
- aphid;
- chishango;
- slug;
- nkhono.
Kusamalira nsapato zofiira sikovuta, ngakhale ponseponse, kukula maluwa amenewa kumafuna khama lalikulu - pambuyo pake, zaka khumi ndi ziwiri zingadutse kuchokera kubzala mpaka maluwa oyambirira. Koma ngakhale izi, nsapato za Venus zimaonedwa ngati maluwa okongola kwambiri omwe amayenera kulimbikira.
