Kukula tomato wamkulu ndi wamphamvu, muyenera kukula mbande zabwino. Nkofunika kusankha nthaka yabwino, mbewu zamtengo wapatali, kupereka mbande ndi kuwala kokwanira. Koma kupatula izi, nkofunikanso kuwonjezera moyenera zakudya zina.
Njira imodzi yogwiritsira ntchito foliar kudyetsa tomato. Werengani zambiri: Kodi kusiyana kotani pakati pa njira imeneyi ndi mizu yodziveka; Ndi nthawi yanji imene iyenera kuwonongedwa. Fotokozani mwatsatanetsatane za mankhwala osiyanasiyana. Komanso zomwe feteleza zachilengedwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Ndi chiyani?
Zomera zimatha kutenga zakudya kuchokera kunthaka, komanso zimatengapo masamba.
Zida
Njirayi imasiyana ndi mizu yovala osati magwero amtengo wapatali - mizu kapena masamba, komanso kuti kukwera pamwamba kumakhala kofunika kwambiri kusiyana ndi kuika zakudya m'nthaka, chifukwa zomwe zimagwira ntchito zimayamba m'maola oyambirira itatha.
Mapulosi apamwamba:
- Ndizothandiza kuchita nyengo yamvula mwamsanga mvula itatha, popeza panthawi imeneyi mizu siingapereke chitsamba ndi zakudya zonse.
- Zimathandiza kuti chilala ndi madontho otentha azitha.
Wotsatsa:
- Ngati mankhwalawa atagwa, zotsatira zake zidzakhala zero, njirayi iyenera kubwerezedwa.
- Mlingo wa mankhwala ayenera kuchitidwa mosamala kwambiri, mwinamwake masamba angatenthe.
Nthawi
Tomato obzalidwa poyera amadyetsedwa usiku madzulo. Mu wowonjezera kutentha, ndondomeko idzayamikiridwa ndi zomera m'mawa ammawa.
Njira zabwino
Urea yankho
Ichi chimatchedwanso carbamide. Zakudya zamchere zomwe zili ndi pafupifupi 50% ya nayitrogeni. Urea granules wa mtundu woyera kapena wachikasu, osakhala ndi fungo. Mankhwala amachititsa kuti ntchito yobiriwira ikhale yaikulu.
Kuperewera kwake kumawonetseredwa pakukula msinkhu, kutayika kwa masamba ndi kupweteka kwa mtundu wawo, kutaya mazira. Kukonzekera njira yothetsera yogwiritsira ntchito idzafuna 50-100 magalamu a urea pa chidebe cha madzi. The chifukwa zikuchokera zokwanira kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa 150 lalikulu mamita a kubzala tomato.
Boric acid
Chida chokonda kwambiri wamaluwa, chifukwa cha mtengo wake wotsika mtengo. Thupi limathandiza kupulumutsa vutoli ndi kapangidwe ka mazira ambiri pa tomato ndi kugwa kwa inflorescences. Chithandizo ndi boric asidi chimapangitsa kuti zomera zisakane mabakiteriya ndi tizirombo.
Kukonzekera yankho liyenera kusowa madzi okwanira ndi galamu imodzi ya mankhwala. Gwiritsani ntchito kuyang'ana utakhazikika, Zotsatirazi zimakhala zokwanira kusamalira tchire khumi. Apatseni kamodzi pa sabata ndi theka, mpaka izi ziwoneke mosavuta zisonyezo za kusowa kwa chinthu.
Potaziyamu monophosphate
Ndi makhiristo osabala, osungunuka bwino m'madzi. Kuti mumvetse kuti tomato alibe potaziyamu akhoza kukhala maonekedwe: iwo ali obiriwira. Kuyamba kwa gawoli kumakhudza kwambiri kukoma kwa masamba ndipo kumathandiza kupeĊµa matenda a fungal.
Pofuna kukonza njira yothetsera vutoli, m'pofunika kuti muchepetse chiwerengerocho pa chiwerengero cha magalamu awiri pa lita imodzi. Kupopera mbewu kuyenera kuchitidwa kawiri, musanayambe maluwa komanso nthawi ya fruiting.
Calcium Nitrate
Lili ndi nayitrogeni yambiri, koma imakhala yocheperapo kuposa urea. Poyambitsa chinthu, mungathe kukwaniritsa mwamsanga msanga wobiriwira ndikuwonjezera chiwerengero cha zipatso. Kulephera kwa calcium kumapangitsa vertex kuvunda pa tomato ndi tsamba lopindika.
Pofuna kukonza njira yothetsera machiritso, supuni ya mankhwalayo imachepetsedwa m'matita khumi a madzi. The chifukwa zikuchokera zokwanira kugwira pafupifupi asanu baka, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ayenera kuchitika mwamsanga pambuyo rooting mbande.
Superphosphate
Thupi limathandizira kuonjezera chiwerengero cha mazira ndi kufulumizitsa kukolola kwa zipatso. Zothandiza ngati prophylaxis chifukwa cha kugwa kwa mtundu wobiriwira. Pali njira ziwiri zokonzekera superphosphate:
- Sungunulani supuni ya tiyi ya mankhwala osweka mu chidebe cha madzi otentha.
- Sungunulani supuni ziwiri za superphosphate mu lita imodzi yamadzi otentha ndikupatsa maola 24. Mbali yowala ya zotsatirazi imatsanulidwira mu chidebe, chophatikiza ndi piritsi yamagetsi ndi supuni ya supuni ya potaziyamu sulphate. Onjezerani madzi akusowa mu chidebe.
Nyimbozi zimapangidwa mosiyana.
Zotsatira za malita 10 a yankho ndi zokwanira pafupifupi 50 madzu a tomato.
Epin
Epin ndi phytohormone yomwe imapezeka ndi mankhwala. Kuwonjezera mphamvu za zomera kuti zipirire zovuta zowonjezera. Kugwira ntchito ngakhale kumtunda wamkati.
Yankho lirikonzekera pamtunda wa madontho asanu ndi limodzi a epine pa lita imodzi ya madzi. Chithandizo choyamba chiyenera kuchitika tsiku lomwe mutabzala, lidzathandiza kuti mizu ya mbande ikhale yotsekemera komanso chitetezo chawo ku matenda. Mankhwalawa amatha kupangidwa ndikupanga mababu ndi maluwa a burashi yoyamba.
Zomera feteleza
Zokhazikitsidwa ndi mpweya
Phulusa la tomato ndi gwero la calcium, magnesium, potaziyamu ndi zina zomwe zimawonekera.
Kupopera mankhwalawo bwinobwino pambuyo pozizira. kapena mvula yambiri. 100 magalamu a phulusa amasungunuka mu 10 malita a madzi ndikuphatikiza masana.
Ntchito imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamaluwa.
Whey
Seramu ili ndi mabakiteriya opindulitsa omwe angateteze tomato ku matenda a fungal.
Seramu imadzipatulidwa ndi madzi mu chiĊµerengero cha 1: 1 ndipo mankhwala opatsirana amachitika masiku khumi alionse.
Ngati pali zizindikiro za phytophthora pa chomera, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kungapangidwe tsiku ndi tsiku.
Zilonda za garlic
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opopera otere N'zotheka kupewa kutayika kwa mbeu ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri a fungalomu. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutsanulira makapu amodzi ndi theka a misomali ndi mitsempha yosweka ndi madzi khumi ndikupita kwa tsiku. Pambuyo pake, yesani ndi kuwonjezera magalamu awiri a potaziyamu permanganate.
Chithandizo choyamba chiyenera kuchitika nthawi ya mapangidwe a ma thumba losunga mazira, amatsata milungu iwiri iliyonse.
Gawo lalikulu la zinthu ziyenera kubwera ku zomera kuchokera kunthaka. Nthaka yachonde ndi chitsimikiziro cha zokolola zabwino. Ntchito ya Foliar ndiyeso yowonjezeratu ya tomato, yogwirizana ndi feteleza yogwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka. Mizu yokhazikika komanso yovala bwino imapereka zipatso zabwino zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe.
