Zinsinsi za zokolola zochuluka: momwe mungamere tsabola ndi tomato pamodzi? Kodi bwanji mbande zabwino?

Tomato ndi tsabola amapezeka masamba omwe amapezeka pafupifupi munda uliwonse wa ndiwo zamasamba. Mzimayi aliyense amadziwa kuti kulima mbewu izi kumafuna kudziwa ndi luso linalake, komanso zikhalidwe zoyenera.

Pakukonzekera kubzala, pangakhale funso lokhudza zofanana ndi mbeu ziwiri ndikuzikulitsa pafupi. Ndipotu, khalidwe ndi kukula kwa mbeu zimadalira malo oyenerera.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza zinsinsi za kukolola kochuluka: momwe mungamere tomato ndi tsabola pamodzi. Komanso analongosola mwatsatanetsatane mmene mungapezere mbande zabwino.

Kodi n'zotheka kukula masambawa pafupi?

Kawirikawiri wamaluwa amafunsa kuti: Kodi n'zotheka kudzala tomato ndi tsabola pamodzi? Zomera za masamba awa ndi za banja limodzi - nightshade. Samasemphana wina ndi mzake, ali ndi zofanana zofanana ndi za umoyo ndi thanzi la nthaka. Amafunika maulendo akukula ndi chisamaliro chomwecho. Choncho Tomato ndi tsabola amaloledwa kubzalidwa, kutchire komanso kutentha.

Timapereka kuwonera kanema ngati tsabola ndi tomato zikhoza kuikidwa palimodzi pobzala:

Makhalidwe ogwirizanitsa

1. Monga oimira a nightshade, tsabola ndi tomato ali ndi matenda ofala ndipo amakhudzidwa ndi tizirombo omwewo. Ndikofunika kupereka chitetezo ndi chitetezo ku tizilombo ndi matenda.
2. Tsabola amakonda kutentha, ndipo tomato amafunika mpweya wabwino. Tiyenera kulingalira pasadakhale kuti malo opangira wowonjezera kutentha: tsabola - kuchoka pakhomo ndi pakhomo, tomato - pafupi ndi khomo ndi mpweya wabwino.
3. Madontho a tomato pamwamba pa tsabola, amakula mwamphamvu ndipo akhoza kutseka tsabola ku dzuwa. Kudyetsa pamodzi kukukonzekera kuunika kwa kuunikira, tsabola - kuchokera kumbali.

Mu munda wothandizira wa tomato ndi tsabola m'mphepete mwake, mukhoza kubzala marigolds, amawopsyeza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Njira yothetsera njirayi

Ngati mikhalidwe imalola, ndi bwino kukula tsabola ndi tomato mosiyana. (Werengani zambiri zokhudza maonekedwe a tomato, werengani apa). Koma ngati palibe malo okwanira m'mabedi obiriwira ndi mabedi otseguka, ndiye kuti chomera chophatikizana chidzakhala njira yabwino.

Zotsatira

1. Kusunga danga.
2. Tomato amateteza tsabola ku nsabwe za m'masamba.
3. Sungani nthawi pa chisamaliro.
4. Zosakaniza feteleza pa gawo limodzi.

Wotsutsa

1. Kuonjezera ngozi ya matenda ofala.
2. Tizilombo towononga tizilombo.
3. Kuthamanga kwa nthaka kunatha.

Pepper akusowa

• Kukwanira kwa chinyezi cha mpweya.
• Kuwala bwino.
• Loamy akudyetsa nthaka.
• Mavuto ofunda.
• Kuthirira ndi madzi ofunda.
• Feteleza potaziyamu ndi phosphorous.

Zofunikira zofunika kwa tomato

• Mpweya wouma
• Kuunikira bwino.
• Loamy nthaka ndi humus.
• Kutentha kotere.
• Kuthamanga mobwerezabwereza.
• Zovala zapamwamba ndi nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous.
• Osati kawirikawiri, koma madzi okwanira ambiri.

Kodi zikhalidwe zingagwirizanitsidwe bwanji?

1. Khalani kutali pakati pa zomera kuti mizu isasokonezane wina ndi mzake, ndipo masamba a zomera samakhudza.
2. Kuyala kwaulere kwamasamba - tomato wamtali sayenera kuletsa tsabola ku dzuwa.
3. Kugwira garter ndi pasynkovaniya m'nthawi, kuti tomato musasokoneze tsabola pa kukula.

Kusankhidwa kwa mitundu

Kusankha mitundu ya phwetekere kumadalira maonekedwe a dera lomwe likukula komanso nyengo. Pogula, ganizirani nthawi yobzala, matenda osakaniza, kusankhidwa - kwa wowonjezera kutentha kapena kutseguka.

Kwa greenhouses

Kugwiritsa ntchito mwanzeru malowa kumasankha mitundu yayitali:

• tomato (mapaundi zana, njati ya shuga, maluwa okongola, zofiira zofiira);
• tsabola (Bourgeois, Kardinal, Atlas, Yanika, Orange chozizwitsa).

Kupewa matenda - Zoperekera zapadera za greenhouses zomwe zimagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu ndi matenda:

• tomato (Kadinali, Ogorodnik, Gypsy, Resonance, De Barao);
• tsabola (Hercules, Claudio, Arsenal, Swallow, Viking, Bogatyr).

Kuti mutsegule

Zokwanira zosakaniza mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• tomato (Pearl Red, Mikado, Riddle, Gourmand);
• Tsabola (Oak, Merchant, Atlant, Victoria).

Pofuna kupewa tizilombo tizilombo timene timasankha mitundu yoyambirira ndi ya pakati pa nyengo yomwe imakhala yotetezedwa ndi kutentha ndi matenda:

• tomato (Kadinali, Betta, Anyuta, Pepper);
• tsabola (Mummers, Bagration, Nathan, Kolobok, Sibiryak).

Momwe mungapezere mbande zabwino kunyumba?

Ikatswiri wamakono omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mbande za tsabola ndi tomato.

Nthawi yofesa

• Mbewu za tsabola ndi tomato zakutchire zimabzalidwa mu February-March. Mitundu yoyambirira - mu March-April.
• Pepper imatuluka motalika kuposa tomato, choncho imafesedwa pa mbande sabata kale kuposa tomato. Tomato amamera masiku 3-5, tsabola 7-10 masiku.

Kukonzekera Mbewu

1. Mbewu zasankhidwa, kutaya yaying'ono, mdima ndi yosweka. Ndibwino kuti muyese nyembazo mu njira ya mchere (supuni 2 pa madzi okwanira 1 litre). Mbeu zowonongeka siziyenera kufesa. Zakhala pansi pansi zoyenera kuti zifike. Gulu lililonse limasankhidwa mosiyana.
2. Kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mbeu zimasungidwa kwa theka la ora mu njira yochepa ya potassium permanganate
3. Pofuna kutsegula majeremusi ndi kufulumira kukula, mbewu za tomato ndi tsabola zimadulidwa kwa maola awiri m'madzi otenthedwa kutentha kosapitirira madigiri 60 kapena biostimulant (Appin, Novosil, Zircon).

Werengani zambiri za momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mbeu za phwetekere musanafese, mu nkhani yosiyana.

Kusankhidwa kwa phukusi ndi nthaka yolima

1. Zida zambewu kapena zitsulo kuti zikhale chakudya chokhazikika zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Amatsukidwa ndi kutetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi njira yothetsera potassium permanganate.
2. Kugula nthaka ili ndi zowonjezera zonse zofunika pa kukula kwa mbande ndipo zakonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Nthaka ya m'munda ndi yotetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndipo imasakanikirana ndi:
   • peat;
   • humus;
   • phulusa;
   • feteleza.

Njira

Ganizirani momwe mungamere bwino mbewu za mbewu ziwiri mu mbande pakhomo. Kubzala mbande za tsabola ndi tomato kwa mbande ziri ndi njira zofanana.:

• Njira 1 - Bzalani mu chidebe chimodzi kamodzi mbewu zambiri m'mizere patali mtunda wa masentimita asanu, mu masentimita 2-3 masentimita. Top kuti mudzaze ndi lotayirira nthaka, tsanulirani. Pambuyo kumera, chomera muzitsulo zosiyana (kuthamanga).
• Njira 2 - Bzalani mbewu ziwiri m'magawo osiyana a kukula pang'ono, mutatha kumera kwa mbewu, musiye zomwe zimakula ndipo musamabzalidwe musanabzala pansi.
• Njira 3 - Musanamere mbewu kumunsi mwa filimu, gauze kapena pepala la chimbudzi, mbeu yosamera yomwe imamera m'magawo osiyana (kuti mudziwe zambiri za kubzala tomato kwa mbande popanda malo, onani apa).

Mitundu iliyonse imafesedwa mosiyana, ndipo imatchulidwa. Zitsulo zonse zimaphimba ndi filimu isanayambe mphukira.

Mwa tsatanetsatane wa momwe mungamere ndikusamalira mbande za tomato, tinauza nkhaniyi.

Kusankha

Zigawo zimachitidwa mofanana ndi tsabola ndi tomato.:

1. Zida zokonzedwa bwino zodzazidwa ndi magawo atatu ndi dziko lapansi.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito supuni yaing'ono kapena spatula, yesani chomera pamodzi ndi nthaka kuchokera ku chidebe chofala.
3. Ikani chomera mu chikho, mudzaze mipata ndi nthaka yosayirira, madzi, yikani nthaka.

Tomato amapereka mphukira, pamene mutenga chomeracho, mukhoza kuchichepetsa. Pepper sifunika kuti ikhale yowonjezereka, yodzala ndi nthaka pamtunda wolima.

Werengani zambiri za njira yosafesa mbewu, werengani pano, ndipo kuchokera mu nkhaniyi muphunziranso za kukula kwa mbande za tomato mu lita zisanu ndi zina ndi mabotolo ena osasankha.

Tikukupatsani inu kuti muwone kanema yokhudza kusankha malamulo a tomato ndi tsabola:

Kulemetsa

Musanadzalemo m'nthaka, mbande pang'onopang'ono zimaumitsidwa., chifukwa chaichi, amayamba kubweretsa chipinda chozizira, monga khonde kapena veranda. Pambuyo pake, imachitika pansi pa okhetsedwa kapena wowonjezera kutentha, kotero kuti chomeracho chimazoloŵera mpweya wabwino ndi dzuwa.

Momwe mungabzalidwe: malangizo ndi sitepe

Nthawi

Mu wowonjezera kutentha mbande akhoza kubzalidwa kumapeto April - oyambirira May. Pamabedi otseguka pambuyo pa May 10-15, malingana ndi deralo, kutentha kosachepera 15 digiri usiku.

Timapereka kuwonera kanema momwe mbewu zimabzalidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha:

Ndondomeko yokonzedwa

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mu wowonjezera kutentha, amavomereza madera: mbali imodzi ya greenhouses - mizere ya tomato, pambali - mzere wa tsabola. Kapena ikani galasi - mizere ya tomato pamakoma a wowonjezera kutentha, ndi pakati - tsabola mu chitsanzo cha checkerboard.

Kumalo otseguka malo odzala limodzi mumzere - mzere wa tomato ndi mzere wa tsabola ndi mtunda pakati pa mizera ya 60-80 masentimita.

Kapena kukula tomato ndi tsabola pabedi lomwelo: pamphepete mwa munda ndi tomato obzala tsabola mu checkerboard chitsanzo.

Malamulo otseguka pansi ndi greenhouses

ngati n'kofunika. Kuteteza kumsongole, kubzala pamodzi kwa tomato ndi tsabola kungakhale mulch udzu ndi udzu.

Masking

Kwa lotseguka pansi, wamtali tomato ndi sing'anga-kakulidwe tsabola kupanga 2-3 mapesi, kusiya ana opeza amphamvu amphamvu. Matato ndi tsabola ochepa kwambiri sangathe kubereka, koma amathetsa mphukira zofooka zikukula mkati.

Werengani zambiri za kukula tomato kumunda kuno.

Tikufuna kuyang'ana machitidwe a staking tomato ndi tsabola:

Belt girter

Kusakaniza zosowa tomato, ndi wamtali mitundu ya tsabola mu greenhouses. Pachifukwachi, trellis imagwiritsidwa ntchito, zingwe zochokera ku chitsamba chilichonse zimatengedwera kwa iwo, ndipo pamene zikukula, chomeracho chikulumikizidwa ndi chingwe, kapena kumangirizidwa ku trellis.

Kupaka pamwamba

Musanadzale mbande, nthaka imapindula ndi superphosphate ndi phulusa la nkhuni. Phosphate-potaziyamu feteleza ndi oyenera kubzala tomato ndi tsabola. Ndondomeko yoyenera kudya:

• 1 tbsp. mphothosphate;
• 1 tsp potaziyamu sulfate pa 10 malita a madzi.

Mungathe kuwonjezera pa kusakaniza uku:

• kulowetsedwa kwa nkhuku manyowa kapena manyowa;
• 0,5 tsp boric acid;
• 1 tbsp. mtengo;
• 1 tbsp. nitrophoska.

Kudyetsa koyamba kumachitika patatha masabata 2-3 mutabzala, wachiwiri - masiku khumi. Zotsatira - masiku 10-15. Kuti fruiting, onjezerani 2 tbsp kunthaka. superphosphate ndi 1 tbsp. sodium humate, kuchepetsedwa mu 10 malita. madzi.

Tikukuwonetsani kuti muwonere kanema pa tekinoloje ya feteleza ndi feteleza:

Zambiri zokhudza kubzala tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha, wowonjezera kutentha, kutseguka pansi, komanso momwe tingamalire wamtali ndi zamasamba, tinauza m'nkhani ina.

Nkhondo ndi kupewa tizirombo ndi matenda

Patatha milungu iwiri mutabzala mu wowonjezera kutentha kapena nthaka yopewera phytophthora, tomato amafufuzidwa ndi mkuwa kloride kapena mkuwa-sopo emulsion.

Pakati pa nyengo iwo amachiza mankhwala nthawi zonse kuchokera kumapeto kwa choipitsa, mkuwa kapena mankhwala a ayodini (10 ml. Pa 10 l. Mwa madzi). Chithandizo chotsiriza cha matenda chikuchitika masiku 20 asanakolole..

Kuchokera ku nsabwe za m'masamba pa tsabola, ndi tizirombo tina ta tomato tawaza zomera ndi phulusa njira (50 g phulusa, fodya ndi zovala zowonjezera madzi okwanira 10 malita) kapena zopangidwa mwapadera.

Mbewu yokhala pamodzi ya tomato ndi tsabola imakhala ndi ubwino ndi kuipa. Kuti zomera zikule bwino osati kusokonezana wina ndi mzake, muyenera kudziwa makhalidwe awo. Chisamaliro chothandiza chidzalola kusonkhanitsa zokolola kawiri ku malo ang'onoang'ono.