Kukongola kwa Tropical Gloxinia Pink: zithunzi, mitundu ndi mbali za chisamaliro

Chifukwa cha maonekedwe ake okongola, kuphatikizapo kukhala osasamala komanso ophweka, gloxinia ndi wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa. Chikhalidwe chokongoletserachi chikhoza kukula mosavuta kunyumba.

Mwapadera kwambiri pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu ndi mitundu - pinki gloxinia, chifukwa cha masamba ake obiriwira kwambiri. M'nkhani yathu mudzaphunziranso za kukula kwa duwa.

Tidzakuuzani momwe mungasamalire bwino ndi kuchulukitsa. Timalimbikitsanso kuti tiwone kanema yothandiza komanso yochititsa chidwi yokhudza kubalana mothandizidwa ndi tuber, petals ndi mbewu.

Malongosoledwe a botaniki ndi mbiriyakale

Sinningia imadziwika bwino kwa alimi amaluwa omwe amachitcha maluwa otchedwa gloxinia. Ichi ndi chomera chotchedwa tropical tuberous chokhala ndi maluwa owoneka ngati belu, ofiira, aakulu, owala kwambiri. Mbalame yotchedwa gloxinia, masamba okongola, maluwa osakwatira.

Mu chilengedwe, chomera ichi chikhoza kupezeka ku Brazil, America, Mexico. Zimamera pamatanthwe ndi mtsinje, m'nkhalango za tennis. Gloxinia yakula m'mabotchi ndi kunyumba.

Duwa ndilo la banja la Gesneriaceae. Anapezeka koyamba ku nkhalango za ku Brazil mu 1785. Ndi kum'mwera ndi ku Central America komwe kumatengedwa malo obadwira. Wasayansi pa yunivesite ya Boston V. Sinning yatenga mitundu yambiri ya mbewuyi, yomwe ili yotchuka kwambiri ndi pinki ya gloxinia. Polemekeza wofalitsa uyu, Gloxinia anatenga dzina lake lachiwiri - synningia..

Mitundu ndi zithunzi zawo

Nkhani

Gloxinia imatcha kuti phokoso la pinki limamasula chic lalikulu la velvet pinki maluwa. Pakatikati pamakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira, khosi ndi lowala, lophimbidwa ndi zida zakuda.

Extravaza

Mitundu ya Gloxinia yotchedwa extravaganza imakhalanso ndi velvet maluwa akuluakulu okhala ndi pinki yokongola ndi madontho pamphepete mwa maluwawo. Peduncles gloxinia wochepa kwambiri, mthunzi wamkongo wa pinki. Pamene kufalikira masamba kumakula kukula.

Maloto

Gloxinia zosiyanasiyana pinki loto ndi kakang'ono maluwa ndi yowala kaso pinki maluwa. Maluwawa ali ndi chubu chokhala ndi phokoso ndi khosi lowala. Maphunziro a pinto a pinto amasiyana ndi nthawi yaitali.

Kufotokozera maonekedwe ndi zinthu

Pink Gloxinia ndi chomera chakupha ndi maluwa okongola. Zomera zowonjezereka za gloxinia zimakula mpaka masentimita 10 mu msinkhu, mapepala 4-6 a mapepala ndi zosiyana zomwe zimakula pammera.

Masamba ndi ovundala, ozungulira, ooneka ngati mtima pansi, owoneka bwino, kuyambira mamita 15 mpaka 20. Mitsempha ya kumtunda kwa pepala ndi siliva, tsamba lochepa la masamba limakhala ndi ubweya wofiira. Maluwa okongola a gloxinia ndi ovekedwa bwino, okongola, pazitali za peduncles.

Ndikofunikira: N'zosavuta kukula gloxinia, ndi yosakayikira nthaka, imachulukana mosavuta ndipo imamasula kwambiri.

Kumeneko ndi momwe mungabzalidwe: malamulo ndi malangizo, malangizo

Mukamagula nyemba za gloxinia, muyenera kumvetsera kukula ndi maonekedwe awo. Ayenera kukhala olimba, 3-4 masentimita mu kukula, opanda chiwindi kapena zowola. Pamwamba pa chifuwa cha gloxinia palipuma komwe impso ili, yomwe imawoneka ngati chifuwa.

Gloxinia wabzalidwa nthawi yomwe tubers imadzuka pambuyo yozizira dormancy.. Izi zikhoza kuwonedwa mu mawonekedwe omwe anaonekera. Nthawi zambiri izi zimapezeka mu February kapena March. Musati mulindire mpaka mphukira ikukula yaikulu, iyenera kubzalidwa pang'ono utakula tuber.

Ngati tuber yowonongeka pang'ono, ndiye kuti malo owonongeka ayenera kudulidwa ndi kuwaza ndi makala, kudula kudula ndi kusakaniza ndi fungicide. Pambuyo pa njirayi, iyenera kuuma.

Malamulo a kubzala ku Gloxinia:

1. Ikani makina osanjikiza mpaka 2 cm pamwamba pansi pa mphika. Iwo akhoza kupukutidwa dothi kapena pulasitiki yonyowa. Thirani nthaka pamwamba popanda kuigwedeza.
2. Pakatikati mwa mphika mupange phokoso limene mungayikemo tuber ndi kuliwaza ndi nthaka 2/3. Nthaka iyenera kuthiriridwa, koma kuti madzi asagwe pa mphukira ndi pakatikati pa tuber, mwinamwake zingayambitse kubzala.
3. Kuti apange microclimate yofunikira, mphika uli ndi polyethylene ndipo imayikidwa pamalo otentha, okonzeka bwino - izi zimathandiza kupanga wowonjezera kutentha.
4. Tsiku lililonse, mphika umatsegulidwa kwa mphindi khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri kuti mupange maluwa. Pambuyo pa maonekedwe a masamba oyambirira, duwa limaphimbidwa usiku, ndipo patatha masiku angapo polyethylene imachotsedwa kwathunthu.
5. Pamene tsinde likukula, tuber iyenera kukonzedwa ndi nthaka 1-2 cm kuti ikhale pansi ndipo sichiphwanya.
6. Poyamba, sungani chomeracho pang'onopang'ono komanso mosamala kuti tuber ikhale yovunda.

Kuunikira ndi malo

Gloxinia amakonda kuwala koyenerera ndi yunifolomu.chifukwa ali ndi mwapadera kuti afikire kuwala. Komabe, kuwala kwa dzuwa kumayambitsa kutentha pa masamba a chomera, chotero, kuwala kumayenera kusokonezedwa. Kumapeto kwa nyengo, gloxinia ikhoza kuyima mbali ya dzuwa, koma pamene phala yotentha imalowa, chomeracho chiyenera kukhala pang'ono.

Malo abwino kwambiri a pinki gloxinia ndisungunuka ndi kuunikira. Muzochitika zotere gloxinia imatetezedwa ku zojambula ndipo zimalandira kufunika kowala. Ma Rosettes amakula masamba abwino komanso owopsa.

Zosowa za nthaka

Chipinda gloxinia sichingakhale chopanda nzeru kwambiri pa nthaka. Mbande ya tubers ya pinki gloxinia iyenera kukhala yofewa, yosayirira, yowonjezera, imayenera kuyamwa chinyezi bwino ndikukhala ndi mpweya. Zolinga zoterozo nthaka yochokera pa peat.

Mbali yaying'ono ingathe kusunga chinyezi, ndipo duwa lidzavunda ndi kufa. Kwa gloxinia, dothi la maluwa ndi loyenera, limene muyenera kuwonjezera machenga angapo a mchenga ndi supuni ziwiri za vermiculite pa lita imodzi ya nthaka kusakaniza. Nthaka ikhoza kukonzedweratu. Pochita izi, sakanizani muyeso wa 2/2/1 tsamba nthaka, mchenga ndi peat.

Bungwe: Musanadzalemo tubers m'dothi losakaniza, ayenera kuwerengedwera mu uvuni kapena kutsukidwa ndi kukonzekera "Kutalika" muyeso wa 2 ml pa lita imodzi ya madzi ndikuloledwa kuti uume.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji?

Puloteni gloxinia osakhala osatha komanso oyamikira. Kuti amve kuti ndi bwino kuti atsatire malamulo osavuta:

• Madzi okhala ndi madzi otentha.
• Pofuna kuti pereuvlazhnit chomera ndi kupeza madzi pa masamba ndi maluwa, makamaka kuthirira mu poto.
• Kuti mupereke chinyezi chofunikira kwa gloxinia, mphika wa maluwa ukhoza kuikidwa mu tray yapadera yodzala ndi dothi lonyowa.
• Pakati pa kukula kwachangu (April-September), chomera chiyenera kudyetsedwa ndi zovuta madzi feteleza.
• Pamene maluwa yatha, gloxinia imakonzekera mpumulo. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani gawo limodzi la mbeu, kusiya tsinde la masentimita 2, ndikuchotsa mphika m'malo ozizira.
• Kumapeto kwa February, tubers amaikidwa mu nthaka yatsopano, kuchotsa nthaka yakale, kudula mbali zowonongeka ndi kupiritsa mankhwala operewera.

Pazifukwa zabwino, gloxinia ikhoza kupitirira makumi awiri mpaka nthawi imodzi.

Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo

Ndi chisamaliro cholakwika, gloxinia ikhoza kudwala kapena kugwidwa ndi tizirombo tina.

1. Chifukwa cha kuthirira madzi ozizira, mawanga ofiira amawoneka pamasamba.
2. Ngati feteleza yowonjezereka, masamba akhoza kutembenukira chikasu kuchokera kuuma kapena mpweya wozizira.
3. Chizindikiro cha kukhalapo kwa powdery mildew kapena imvi nkhungu kungakhale imvi pachimake pa maluwa ndi masamba.

Pofuna kusunga chomeracho, chotsani masamba owonongeka ndi maluwa, kuthirira madzi okwanira, ndi kuchitira maluwa ndi fungicide.

Ngati gloxinia sichita pachimake, kenaka yonjezerani kuunika kwake, yimbikitseni feteleza ndi nitrojeni yochepa.. Pa kusowa kwa kuwala kumatha kuyankhula ndi kugwiritsira ntchito masamba obiriwira.

Pakati pa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amachititsa kuti tizirombo toyambitsa matenda a gloxinia ndi pinki - scythe, whitefly, kangaude wamatsamba, mealybug.

Zinthu zoberekera

Mitundu ya piritsi ya gloxinia m'njira zingapo: tubers, tsamba cuttings ndi mbewu. Taganizirani izi.

Tubers

Pogawanitsa, chifuwa chachikulu kwambiri chimatengedwa. Ndi mpeni wakuthwa, umadulidwa mzidutswa kuti aliyense akhale ndi mphukira. Ikani kagawo konyezimira ndi makala opangidwira.

Mbali za tuber zimabzalidwa miphika yosiyana ndi nthaka yonyowa. Masiku awiri oyambirira mutabzala gawoli siloledwa.

Yang'anani kanema ponena za gulu la gloxinia tuber:

Makhalidwe a Leaf

Pa nthawi yobalana, tsamba laling'ono labwino lomwe limakhala ndi gawo locheka masentimita 1 limadulidwa kuchokera ku maluwa kuchokera ku maluwa. Kudula kumatengapo mizu mumsanganizo ndi mchenga wokwana 4 / 0,5. Phimbani kudula ndi mtsuko wa galasi ndikusunga kutentha pa madigiri 22-24.

Mitsempha yaing'ono imaonekera patatha masiku 20. Pambuyo pake, cuttings ikhoza kubzalidwa mosiyana.

Penyani kanema pa kufalitsa kwa gloxinia pogwiritsa ntchito masamba:

Mbewu

Gloxinia iyenera kufesedwa mu November-February mu malo ochepa kwambiri, odzazidwa ndi gawo lapansi lofanana ndi peat nthaka, masamba nthaka ndi mchenga. Bzalani mbewu mochepa komanso mopepuka, mopepuka owazidwa ndi dziko lapansi.

Mphamvu imayikidwa pamalo okongola, kumene kutentha kumasungidwa pa madigiri 25. Nthaŵi ndi nthawi, nthaka iyenera kupopedwa ndi madzi ofunda. Gloxinia imayamba kuyamba masiku 12-14.

Anabzala zomera akamapanga masamba awiri, pamtunda wa masentimita awiri kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake. M'miphika osiyanasiyana, zomera zimabzalidwa pamene ayamba kugwirana ndi masamba.

Onerani kanema pa kuswana mbewu za Gloxinia:

Kutsiliza

Kusamalira bwino gloxinia, mungapeze chomera chokongola ndi choyamikira chomwe chidzakondweretsa nthawi yonse yogwira ntchito ndi maluwa ake ochititsa chidwi komanso ochititsa chidwi. Amene adawona akufalikira Gloxinia adzakhalabe wokondedwa wake.