Kodi zimakhudza bwanji kufesa tomato pa mbande za wowonjezera kutentha komanso pamene ziyenera kubzalidwa?

Tomato - chikhalidwe chotchuka kwambiri m'dziko lathu. Ndipo pali njira zambiri zowonjezera, kuphatikizapo malo osiyanasiyana okula.

Choncho mbande za kubzala zimatha kukula pakhomo komanso ku greenhouse, zomwe zidzakambidwa m'nkhaniyi.

Njirayi ndi yosiyana kwambiri ndi kubzala mbewu zing'onozing'ono m'nyumba yanga: izi ndizo kukula kwake, nthawi ndi nthawi, zomwe zimadalira zifukwa zingapo.

Nkhani yathu ikuuzeni nthawi komanso momwe mungabzalitsire mbeu za tomato kuti mupeze mbande m'mabotolo a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo polycarbonate. Kuwonjezera pa zonsezi mwatsatanetsatane.

Zodziwika bwino za tomato kukula m'nthaka yotsekedwa

Nthawi yobzala tomato ya mbande imadalira pazinthu zamakono za wowonjezera kutentha.:

• kutenthedwa ndi kukwera kozizira kumapeto kwa April;
• wowonjezera kutentha ndi chinsalu chowonjezera cha filimu kapena polycarbonate, kuyambira 6 mpaka 10 May;
• filimu wowonjezera kutentha pamsewu, kuyambira m'ma May.

Palibe masiku enieni obzala tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha. Onetsetsani kuti muganizire za nyengo ndi zochitika za dera limene mukufuna kukonzekera.

Kodi chimakhudza nthawi yotani?

Chigawo ndi nyengo

Kodi tomato angadalire bwanji dera komanso nyengo yake? Kawirikawiri, mbewu za tomato zimabzalidwa miyezi iwiri isanakwane tsiku lofika pansi. Ngati kubzala kwa tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha m'deralo kudzachitika pakati pa May, ndiye kuti mukufesa mbewu pakati kapena pafupi mapeto a March. Kumadera akum'mwera ndi nyengo yofunda, nyengo imatha kusintha kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa February.

Kawirikawiri, zochitika za wamaluwa zimasonyeza kuti nyengo yofunda imakhala yotentha, poyamba zimatha kufesa mbewu.

Musanabzala tomato, ganizirani za nyengo ya dera lanu. Mukhoza kuona nyengo zam'zaka zaposachedwapa, kuti mudziwe nthawi yabwino yoyenera kubzala mbewu.

Zosiyanasiyana

Mitundu iliyonse imakhala ndi nthawi yake yokha, choncho ndikofunika kulingalira izi pamene mutabzala mbewu.

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za kubzala mitundu:

1. Tomato wamtali (nthawi yofesa yotchulidwa ndi February 20 - March 10.
2. Kumayambiriro ndi nyengo ya pakati pa nyengo (March 10-22).
3. Cherry tomato, oyambirira oyambirira mitundu (April 8-15).
4. Kumapeto kwa nthawi yakucha tomato wamkulu (kumapeto kwa February).

Sichikulimbikitsidwa kudalira kokha pazinthu zomwe zikuwonetsedwa pa phukusi. Wopanga akhoza kudalira miyezo ya Central Europe yomwe siili yofunikira ku dera lomwe mukulifuna.

Ngati mumaganizira nthawi ya zomera, nthawi yofesa ikhoza kuwerengedwa mosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, kumayambiriro ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa nyengo yokula ndi masiku 100. Izi zikufunikanso kuwonjezera nthawi yomwe imafunika kuti mphukira iwuke - pafupi sabata. Komanso timapeza nthawi yopulumuka mbande masiku atatu. Chiwerengerochi chikupezeka mu gawo la masiku 110. Tsopano mukuyenera kuwerengera masiku 110 kuchokera tsiku lokololedwa ndikuyamba kufesa mbewu.

Miyezi ya mwezi

Mwezi wokhazikika ndi waning moon ndi magawo osayenerera kwambiri chifukwa chodzala mbewu za phwetekere. Zimakhulupirira kuti panthawi ino mwezi ukukalamba ndi kufooka, ndipo tomato akhoza kukula "pansi", chifukwa chake padzakhala mizu yolimba, koma tsinde lofooka. Ndibwino kuti muzuwe masamba, koma osati tomato.

Kukula mwezi nyengo, pamene chomera chikuwonekera. Kutalika kwa nthawiyi ndi masiku khumi ndi awiri. Nthawi ino isanafike mwezi wokha ndiyo yabwino kubzala mbewu za phwetekere.

Njira yobwera

Njira yobzala sikukhudza nthawi yobzala mbewu za phwetekere. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri kuganizira ndi nyengo za dera limene mukufuna kukwera.

Nthawi ya pakati pa kuyika mbewu ndi kubzala zomera mu wowonjezera kutentha

Masiku makumi asanu ndi awiri (75) mochedwa komanso masiku asanu ndi awiri (65) oyambirira - mitunduyi imakhala yofunika kwambiri mutabzalidwa mbeu za tomato. Ngati munabzala mbewu kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa March, ndiye kuti mubzalidwe mmphepete mwa madzi mkati mwa May.

Ndi nthawi iti kubzala mbewu m'madera akuluakulu a Russia?

Chinthu chachikulu chomwe mungagwiritse ntchito mukadzala tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi mpweya ndi kutentha kwa nthaka m'deralo. Mlengalenga sayenera kukhala pansi pa madigiri masentimita masana, ndipo nthaka sayenera kukhala pansipa + madigiri 13. Ndipo Ndikofunika kumvetsera kutentha usiku. Dzuŵa likamatentha wowonjezera kutentha masana kuti usiku ukhalebe kutentha osachepera madigiri 10, ndiye ndi nthawi yolima tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha.

Malinga ndi dera la dziko, nthawi yofika imasiyanasiyana kwambiri, koma nthawi zonse pali chisonyezo chachikulu chomwe mungadalire - kutentha kwa mpweya tsiku ndi tsiku sikuli pansi + madigiri 13.

Mbewu ziyenera kubzalidwa miyezi 2-2.5 kale.

Kudzala mbewu za phwetekere kumadera osiyanasiyana a Russia:

• Krasnodar Territory ndi kumwera kwa Russia, March 1-5.
• Chigawo cha Moscow ndi chigawo chapakati, March 5-10.
• Leningrad dera, March 15-20.
• Ural ndi Siberia - kumapeto kwa March ndi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April.

Kotero, kwa Russia chapakati, masiku owerengeka ali pakati pa March. Masiku awa amasinthidwa m'njira imodzi kapena ina kwa masiku 10-15, malinga ndi kutali komwe kapena kumpoto dera lanu liri.

Kodi njirayi ikuchitika bwanji?

Gawo loyamba ndi kukonzekera mbewu, ndiye chomera. Kubzala nyemba za tomato zimapezeka m'zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Izi zikhonza kukhala makaseti, mapiritsi a peat kapena makapu, miphika kapena mabokosi.

Mapiritsi a peat ndi makapu ndi abwino chifukwa mungathe kuchita popanda zisankho; makapu pamphepete ali abwino ndi mwayi wothirira pansi; ambiri m'nyengo ya chilimwe amagwiritsa ntchito mabokosi a matabwa kapena pulasitiki kuti asunge malo.

1. Zokwanira kutenga mabokosi khumi masentimita pamwamba, kuwaza ndi 2/3 nthaka yokonzedwa, yothirani madzi otentha, oyera ndi ofewa. Grooves amapangidwa pansi ndi kuya kwa 1-1.5 cm pamtunda wa 3-4 masentimita kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
2. Kenaka muyenera kusamalira mbewu nthawi yake komanso mosamala: madzi, perekani kuwala koyenera, nthawi zina kumasula mipata, kusintha momwe mpweya umakhalira.
3. Kusankha kwotsatira. Pamene zomera zili ndi tsamba lachitatu labwino, zimalowa m'makapu osiyana a 0.5 l. Zakudya zimadzazidwa ndi nthaka yofanana yofesa, zimayambitsidwa, zimayambitsa kupweteka pakati, zimayika chomeracho. Alimi ena nthawi yomweyo amafupikitsa mzu wa pakati, koma ena amaona kuti sikofunikira, chifukwa mizu imadwalitsidwa panthawi yoika.

Musanadzale mbande pamalo otseguka, zofunika kutentha ziyenera kuganiziridwa., zomwe zinaperekedwa pamwambapa, ndikuyang'ana nyengo ya dera lanu. Tikulimbikitsanso kuganizira kalendala ya mwezi.