Kudziwa ndi tomato zosiyanasiyana "Balcony chozizwitsa." Malangizo othandiza pa kukula ndi kusamalira kunyumba ndi kumunda

Pamodzi mwa tomato ambiri amamera "Balcony Chozizwitsa" ali ndi zokongoletsa kwambiri ndi zokoma.

Nthawi yayitali ya kukula imakupatsani inu kukolola bwino kunyumba komanso mutakula panja.

Zipatso za phwetekere zamphamvu zimakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa lycopene, zoyenera kuzizira ndi kukonza mbale yochuluka ya masamba.

M'nkhaniyi tiyesa kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane momwe tingakhalire phwetekere pa khonde, tidzakambiranso kusiyana kwa kulima kuthengo.

Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe a tomato osiyanasiyana

Zipatso zimakhala zofiira, zozungulira, zofiira, kulemera kwa ma phwetekere 1 kuchokera ku 15 mpaka 70 magalamu. Zipatso zili ndi mbewu zambiri, zimakhala ndi mchere wonyeketsa ndi zam'mwamba zowonjezera, zakudya zamagetsi, madzi, shuga, lycopene. Chitsamba chosakanizidwa, muyezo. Phesi lapakati ndi lolimba, mpaka 12 millimeters lakuda, limagwira mwamphamvu zonse zamasamba. Masamba obiriwira a emerald, onunkhira, opatulidwa, ali ndi zothandizira. Maluwa okongola a chikasu.

Mbiri yopondereza

Mitundu imeneyi inafalikira kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la makumi awiri ndi makumi awiri ndi azungu a ku Russia ndi Germany.. Pachifukwachi, magulu awiri a mitundu ankaphatikizidwapo: imodzi inali ndi zipatso zofewa komanso zowutsa mudyo zokoma, koma zinali zosasunthika ku phytophthora, septoria ndi tizirombo tina.

Gulu lachiwiri la mitundu, lomwe linaphatikizapo zitsanzo zambiri za Chijeremani, Chifalansa, ndi Swedish, zinkakanizidwa ndi chisanu ndi kukana matenda, koma zipatso zawo zinali zamadzi ndi zatsopano. Chifukwa cha kuyesa kochulukira kwa nyengo zingapo, nyengo zosiyanasiyana zapatsogolo zoyenera zowonjezera zinyama, zomwe zimatchedwa kukana ndi zipatso zabwino zamtundu, zinapezeka.

Ntchito yokonzekera: malo, kuwala, kutentha, chinyezi

• Malo okonzekera.

  Pofuna kubzala tomato zosiyanasiyana potsamba kunyumba, zonsezi zimakhala bwino. Tomato imakula mofanana bwino mabokosi a matabwa, komanso miphika ya maluwa, mapulasitiki. Mphamvu za mbande ziyenera kupezeka kumbali ya kum'mwera chakum'maŵa, kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa nyumba kusiyana ndi zomera zina.

• Kuunikira.

  Chomeracho n'chofunika kwambiri ndipo chiyenera kubisika tsiku lonse (maola 6-8). Ngati simungathe kuunikira, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito nyali za fulorosenti.

• Kutentha.

  Kutentha kwakukulu kwa mbewu kumera ndi madigiri 18-20, kuti apite patsogolo - 15-25 madigiri.

• Chinyezi.

  Mlengalenga sayenera kukhala youma kwambiri, mulingo woyenera kwambiri - 40-70%.

• Nthawi yofesa.

  Nthawi imadalira pamene pakufunika kukolola, ndi kutalika kwa usana m'dera. Ngati akukonzekera kukolola tomato mu April-May, mbewu zimabzalidwa kumapeto kwa December kapena kumayambiriro kwa January. Ngati mbeu idzakolola mu October-November, mbewuzo zifesedwa pakati pa mwezi wa August. Ngati maola a mderali akufupika, amafesa masabata awiri m'mbuyomu kusiyana ndi masiku omwe tatchulidwawo.
• Kufika matanki.

  Poto: zosapitirira 10-12 malita mu buku, zakuthupi - pulasitiki, mawonekedwe - timakona ting'onoting'ono kapena kuzungulira. Kutalika kwa mphika sayenera kukhala oposa 30-35 sentimenti, mwinamwake chomera chidzapereka masamba ochuluka.

  Bokosi la mbande: kukula kwa masentimita 30 mpaka 40, zakuthupi - matabwa, pulasitiki, mawonekedwe a makona awiri. Kutalika kwa bokosi sikuyenera kukhala oposa 30-35 centimita. Zonsezi zimakhala ndi pallets.

Kukula mbande kunyumba

Kenaka, tauzani momwe mungamere tomato kunyumba: pawindo kapena pa khonde.

Kusankha Mbewu

Musanadzalemo, ndibwino kuti muyang'ane mbewu za kumera., chitani kutayira ndi kuyimitsa.

1. Mbewu imayikidwa mu mtsuko wa galasi ndikutsanulira ndi mphamvu yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate (1: 5000) kwa mphindi 15-30.
2. Mbeu zowonongeka zimachotsedwa (zilibe kanthu).
3. Pambuyo pa ndondomekoyi, nyembazo zimatsukidwa ndi madzi ndipo zimanyowa, kapena zimayikidwa pamadzi ozizira kwa tsiku, kusunga kutentha kwa madzi pa madigiri 18-22.

Kukonzekera bwino kwa nthaka

Dothi lofesa liyenera kukhala lotayirira bwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito manyowa, loamy kapena dothi la mchenga sikuloledwa. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito mapulogalamu oyambirira a mitundu ya nyumba.. Dothi lokonzekera la tomato ndi loyenera kubzala, mukhoza kukonzekera nthaka nokha malinga ndi dongosolo ili:

• 50% ya humus;
• 45% nthaka yakuda;
• superphosphate - 30-40 magalamu;
• nkhuni phulusa - 100-200 magalamu;
• urea - magalamu 10;
• mineral feteleza zochokera potaziyamu - 40 magalamu.

Ngati dothi limachotsedwa m'munda, limasungunuka poyiika mu uvuni kapena moto wa mpweya wochuluka kwa mphindi imodzi kwa theka la ora.

Kufesa mbewu

Ambiri akufuna chidwi chodzala mbewu za phwetekere kunyumba. Mbewu imafesedwa m'mapopu apulasitiki mu nthaka yonyowa pamtunda wa masentimita 1.0-1.5, ndiye owazidwa ndi nthaka (akhoza kusakanizidwa ndi humus mu chiŵerengero 1: 1) ndipo atsekedwa ndi filimu kuti apange mini-wowonjezera kutentha. Kubzala chisa 2-3 mbeu mu galasi limodzi.

Chisamaliro

1. Pambuyo poyamba kutulutsa filimuyo amafunika kuchotsedwa.
2. Mphukira weaker imachotsedwa, ndikusiya 1 mphukira.
3. Pambuyo pake, zitsulozi zimasamutsidwa m'chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 15-25, nthawi zonse kuwatembenuza ndi mbali zosiyana za dzuwa - ndiye mphukira idzakula mofanana.

Kuthirira kwa mapiritsi kumachitika nthawi imodzi mu masiku 7-8, popanda kufika pa zomera. Kukula kwa mphukira pa pulogalamuyi sikuloledwa.

Njira yobwera

Kubzala nthawi ya mbande: osati kale kuposa mapesi a mbande anafika kutalika kwa masentimita 15 (mu masiku 20-25).

Njira yobzala: konzani malo atsopano. Dothi liyenera kukhala lotayirira ndi lachonde., amaloledwa kugwiritsira ntchito nthaka kuchokera pamabedi pa nthawi yopititsa patsogolo ndi phulusa, amagwiritsanso ntchito nthaka yogula kapena yokonzekera bwino (mukhoza kubwereza njira yokonzekera dothi kuti mubzalitse mbewu). Dothi losungidwa silinagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ngati sing'angayo ndi yowonjezereka, 50 magalamu a phulusa amawonjezeredwa.

1. Musanadzalemo, mbande imachotsedwera bwino ku makapu ndi kuthirira madzi otentha kuchotsa nthaka yambiri.
2. Manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunthaka.
3. Pambuyo pake, mbande zimabzalidwa mozama osati kuposa masentimita 10-12.
4. Fukuta ndi dziko lapansi ndi mopepuka.

Malangizo othandizira pang'onopang'ono

Kuthirira ndi fetereza

Kuthirira zomera ndi madzi a matepi sikuloledwa.. Musagwiritse ntchito madzi ozizira kapena otentha (osachepera 18 kapena kuposa madigiri 35). Asanayambe kuthirira, muyenera kuyang'ana kutentha kwa madzi ndi thermometer (yotentha kwambiri ndi madigiri 18-25).

Madzi a ulimi wothirira ayenera kukonzekera pasadakhale - masiku 2-3 isanafike ulimi wothirira, madzi amasonkhanitsidwa mu thanki ndipo amatetezedwa. Nyokosi ya phwetekere imapezeka katatu pa nyengo yokula, nthawi yoyamba - pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mphukira, yachiwiri - panthawi ya maluwa, nthawi yachiwiri - nthawi ya zipatso kapena sabata musanadzalemo malo osatha.

Potaziyamu, phosphoric feteleza feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga feteleza.. Mapulani oyamikira: 5 magalamu a superphosphate, 1 gramu ya urea, 1 gramu ya potaziyamu sulfate pa 1 lita imodzi ya madzi osungunuka. Mungagwiritse ntchito feteleza zopangidwa ndi feteleza - "Tsitovid", "Epin".

Kukonza ndi Kukanikiza

Pofuna kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa zipatso, chipatso chimafuna kukanikiza. Ndondomekoyi iyenera kuchitika pamene mbewuyo ikufika kutalika kwa masentimita 15. Kuphwanyika kumachitika kumtunda kwa ndodo yapakati, komanso kumagwira nthambi zazikulu.

Kudulira mbewu silololedwa mukakula msinkhu, koma amaloledwa pamtunda wamtunda wa masentimita oposa 55, chifukwa chazomwe zakudya zonse zidzayamba kuyenda mu chipatso, osati m'mamasamba. Ndikofunika kusankha maluwa owonjezera kuchokera ku chitsamba kuti zipatso zikhale zazikulu ndi zokoma.. Chomeracho sichiyenera kudulidwa.

Zogulitsa ndi kupachikidwa

Wakulira kunyumba, tomato sungapachike. Awamange iwo sayenera kukhala, chifukwa tsinde la chomera ndi lolimba komanso losatha, mosamala kwambiri chitsamba chonse. Ngati kununkhira sikupangidwe, amaloledwa kupachika nthambi zapamwamba.

Kuthamanga

Ndi njira yoyenera yomwe imakhudza kuyambitsa mungu ndi zipatso. Pakati pa maluwa, zimalimbikitsa kuti muzipinda m'chipinda osachepera 6 pa tsiku. kwa mphindi 15-20, ndipo nthawi zina kugwedeza tchire.

Zipatso: kodi ndi nthawi yochuluka bwanji?

Nyengo yokula ikukhala masiku 75 mpaka 92 malinga ndi kuunika ndi kusamalidwa. Kulima kumapanga ma kilogalamu 2 kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi.

Makhalidwe ndi kusiyana kwa kulima kumalo otseguka

Tinafotokozera momwe tingamere tomato pazenera kapena pa khonde, tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za zomwe akulima panja. Pamene mukukula tomato zamitundu yosiyanasiyana potsegula nthaka, zotsatirazi zikupezeka ndi kusiyana:

• Popeza nthaka yotseguka imakhala yowonjezera ndi michere, feteleza imayendetsedwa mobwerezabwereza ndipo imakhala yochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi yomwe ikukula pakhomo. Mtengo wokwanira ndi 2 nthawi pa maluwa ndi zipatso. Manyowa amtunduwu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri (humus, peel peel, phulusa la nkhuni pa mlingo wa 150-200 magalamu a fetereza pa mita imodzi).
• Kudulira koyenera kumachitika, mwinamwake chomeracho chidzapereka wamtali wandiweyani ndodo ndi zipatso pang'ono.
• Chomera chimangirizidwa ndi zingwe zowonjezereka ku zitsulo kapena mapulasitiki a pulasitiki, ngati sizinakonzedwe. Mungagwiritse ntchito trellis ndi mizere ya waya yomwe tilumikizidwe.
• Timitengo tamatabwa kapena makwerero amathandizidwanso ngati kutalika kwa tsinde kupitirira masentimita 60.
• Kuthirira kumachitika nthawi zambiri, 1 masiku 3-4 masiku malinga ndi kutentha kwa mpweya, pambuyo kuthirira nthaka kumasulidwa.
• Musagwiritse ntchito feteleza feteleza, mwinamwake chomera sichidzabala chipatso.

Zosiyanasiyanazi zimagwiritsa ntchito zambiri, kuphatikizapo kuzizira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azizigwiritsa ntchito nthawi yozizira.