Technology yopangira tomato pawindo. Malangizo ochokera kwa A mpaka Z

Kugwiritsira ntchito tomato wokhala ndiwekha nthawi zonse sikuli kovuta, ngakhale kulibe malo omwe akulima. Ndizotheka kubzala tomato pawindo, pakuti izi ndi zofunikira kwambiri kuwona mfundo zina.

Nkhaniyi ikuuzeni ngati n'zotheka kukula tomato pawindo kunyumba, momwe mungasankhire mitundu ya phwetekere, malo, momwe mungabzalitsire tomato, mbande ndi mbewu, momwe mungamere ndi kuthira manyowa, kudula ndi kutsitsa, ndi matenda ndi tizirombo ziti zomwe zingawononge tomato mkati.

Kodi ndingamange tomato pawindo lokula kunyumba?

Ntchito yosankha ikupitirira ndipo zotsatira zake zakhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya tomato, yoyenera kukula mu mphika. Iwo amasiyanitsidwa ndi kudzichepetsa ndi kudzipereka.

Phindu lalikulu la kulima kotereku ndi chaka chonse, podziwa nthawi yakucha, mungathe kupeza mbeu panthawi ya tebulo la Chaka Chatsopano. Chinthu chachikulu - kusankha chisankho choyenera.

Zowononga za kulima phwetekere kungakhale mwina chifukwa cha mbewu zochepa, makamaka ngati zenera zikulowa m'nyumba sizitali ndipo, ndithudi, zokolola zapanyumba zidzakhala zosiyana ndi kukula kwazokololedwa kuchokera ku malo otseguka.

Ntchito yokonzekera: kukula bwino

Kodi mungasankhe bwanji malo?

Ziribe kanthu kuti mbali iti imachokera pawindo, mutha kulandira zokolola. Zing'onoting'ono, zomwe zimakonzedwa kuti zizilima pazenera, zimasinthidwa tsiku lalifupi la kuwala ndi kusowa kwa dzuwa.

Nthata ndi zomera zokonda kutentha, choncho kutentha pafupi ndi tchire kuyenera kusungidwa pa madigiri 22-25 masana komanso osachepera kuposa digrii 15 madzulo. Komanso amafuna tomato kuti chinyezi. Makamaka ndi nyengo yozizira yolima, pamene radiators za kutentha zimayambitsa mpweya kwambiri, zomwe zingayambitse matenda a zomera. Mlengalenga akuyenera kuchitidwa manyazi nthawi zonse.

Mitundu yapadera

Mabedi pawindo, mitundu ndi ampelous mitundu ndi yabwino.. Mitengo yotereyi siipitirira 35-45 centimita. Njira zabwino kwambiri ndizo:

Micron NC

Zimatanthauzira mitundu yochepa, sizikula pamwamba pa masentimita khumi ndi asanu. Zipatso ndi zokoma - zachikasu kapena zofiira, masekeli osaposa magalamu khumi ndi awiri. Mkhalidwe wa thanzi la zomera ndilopanda kudziimira kwathunthu ndi kutalika kwa masana.

Pinocchio

Chitsamba ndi chogwirana, zipatso zimakhala zokoma, kuzungulira, masekeli makumi awiri. Ngati mubzala mbewu pambuyo pa makumi khumi ndi awiri a mwezi wa September, zokolola zoyamba zikhoza kukololedwa ndi Chaka Chatsopano.

Ng'ombe yachisanu

Ultra oyambirira zosiyanasiyana, compact tsinde chomera, 30-40 masentimita wamtali. Osati mtengo, zipatso ndi ofiira, kuzungulira.

Poto

Kulima tomato kakang'ono ndi maluwa abwino kwambirizopangidwa ndi pulasitiki. Kusankha kutalika kumene mukuyenera kuganizira pa kukula kwa chomera chachikulu.

Ground

Kubzala tomato woyenera monga gawo lokonzekera yosungirako, ndi nthaka kusakaniza, wophika wekha. Izi zidzafuna:

• humus - 50%;
• Chernozem - 45%;
• mchenga - 5%;

Momwe mungabwerere kunyumba: teknoloji kuchokera ku A mpaka Z

Mbewu

1. Chomera ndi bwino kugula mu sitolo kuti ukhale wotsimikiza mu khalidwe lake ndi kutsatila ndi zizindikiro zomwe zafotokozedwa.
2. Musanadzalemo, m'pofunika kuyesa maso osalimba omwe sangathe kumera. Kuti achite izi, amafunika kuponyedwa m'madzi amchere kwa mphindi khumi ndipo mbeu zochepa zimayandama, pamene zamoyo zathanzi zidzazama pansi.
3. Kenaka, nyembazo zimagwedezeka kwa theka la ora mu njira yothetsera potanganamu permanganate kuti ikhale ndi chitetezo chakumapeto kwa zovuta m'tsogolo zomera.
4. Pambuyo pa njira zonse, mbewu zimayikidwa mu nsalu yonyowa.
5. Mbewuzo zitamera, mbewuzo zimafesedwa pansi, kukulitsa masentimita atatu, kuyang'ana mamita masentimita atatu.
6. Nthaka imangowonongeka, chidebecho chimadzazidwa ndi pulasitiki ndi kuyeretsedwa pamalo otentha mpaka kumera. Mu filimuyo muyenera kupanga mabowo ang'onoang'ono omwe amayendetsa mpweya.
7. Mu sabata, mphukira zidzawonekera. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti nthaka nthawi zonse imakhala yonyowa.

Mbande

1. Mbande ya tomato imathamanga mu gawo la masamba awiri enieni.
2. Kuti zikhale zosavuta kusiyanitsa popanda kuwonongeka, kuthirira kwaimitsidwa kwa masiku awiri isanachitike.
3. Mosamala, mukuyesa mphukira ndi spatula pamodzi ndi clod, imatengera ku chidebe chatsopano ndi nthaka kuti tsinde likhale pansi.
4. Nthaka imakhala yaying'ono ndipo imatsanulidwa ndi madzi ofunda.
5. Mu mwezi, pamene mbande imayenera kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza mchere, mbande zikuluzikulu zimaikidwa pamalo osatha mwa njira yosinthira.
6. Mitengo yachitsamba ikhoza kubzalidwa imodzi mwa miphika yambiri.
7. Pambuyo ikamatera, m'pofunika kusunga kutentha kwa +18 +20 madigiri ndi kupewa kutsegula dzuwa mwachindunji.

Ndondomeko ya ndondomeko ya kusamalira chikhalidwe cha chipinda

Kuthirira ndi fetereza

Matatato oyamwa ndi oyamikira kwambiri chifukwa cha ulimi wothirira. Kusuntha nthaka kumathandiza kuti ukhale wathanzi, ubale wabwino wa mazira ndi zipatso. Kuthirira kumachitika kawiri pa sabata, popanda kugwira zimayambira. Poyambira maluwa, kuthirira kwaimitsidwa ndi kubwereranso pokhapokha ndi maonekedwe a losunga mazira.

Patapita masabata atatu mutengedwako, feteleza wapadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yoyamba. Dyetsani tomato amafunika pakapita masabata awiri, kupanga feteleza tsiku lachiwiri mutatha kuthirira.

Kukonza ndi kukumbina, pasynkovanie

Onetsetsani kuti muchotse mphukiraanapanga mu axils wa masamba, ndiko, pasynkovanie. Ndikofunika kuti mapangidwe abwino a mbewuyo apangidwe. Osati kuchotsedweratu mu nthawi, masitepe amatsogolera kukulitsa, kutenga zakudya ndi kuchepetsa zokolola za tomato.

Thandizo! Pambuyo popanga mazira oyambirira, muyenera kuzungulira pamwamba, ndi kudula masamba apansi, omwe afota pakakula.

Zojambula, zitapachikidwa

Mitundu yomwe imayenera kulima pawindo, palibe nthambi, imakhala ndi thunthu lokhazikika, kotero iwo safuna garter. Ngati, komabe chosowa chotero chayamba, ndiye kuti nkhwangwa imakhala pansi mosamalitsa, kuti asawononge mizu, ndipo nthambi zimamangirizidwa nazo.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

• Kuwonongeka kochedwa - matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya, dothi, kudzera m'mbewu ndi zotsalira. Zizindikiro - mdima wofiirira pa masamba, ndi nthawi yopitirira pa zimayambira ndi zipatso. Amatha kuwononga mbewu zonse. Pofuna kupuma, njira yogwiritsira ntchito potaziyamu permanganate imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kumera, ndizotheka kuchitira zomera zapakati ndi Bordeaux madzi.
• Msolo wakuda - Matenda a fungus omwe amabzala kubzala ndi kusowa kwa kuwala. Pansi pa tsinde amasanduka wakuda, zomera zimapunduka, kugwa ndi kufa. Pofuna kupewa, nthaka imapindula ndi phulusa ndi mchenga. Ngati matendawa ayamba kale, mankhwalawa amapangidwa ndi zozizira.
• Septoria- Matendawa amapezeka m'nthaka. Masamba apansi a chomerawa ali ndi mawanga okongola ndi madontho wakuda, ndiye masamba amasanduka bulauni ndi owuma. Kupewa - Kutayika kwa dothi ndi potaziyamu permanganate, mbali zomwe zakhudzidwa zimawonongedwa, ndipo mankhwala amachiritsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Bordeaux.
• Brown malo - kuwala kofiirira pamasamba, chifukwa chake chimakula chinyezi ndi nthaka. Chithandizo chikufanana ndi septoria.
• Ntchentche yoyera - tizilombo tating'ono tomwe timayamwa pa tsamba ndikufanana ndi mamba. Amawonetseratu kuwopsya ngati chonyamulira cha matenda. Kuonjezerapo zakudya zambiri zokwanira kudzakuthandizani kukana, ndipo tizilombo tawoneka kale ndipo mphutsi zawo zikhoza kutsukidwa pamasamba ndi madzi soapy kapena dandelion infusion.
• Kupuma - tizilombo, maonekedwe a moyo omwe amadziwonetsera okha mwa mawonekedwe a masamba owuma, akugwa ndi masamba ouma. Nkhondoyo imakhala kuthirira ndi mankhwala okwanira ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kukula tomato pawindo ndi mwayi wokolola zipatso za zipatso zonunkhira osati kasupe kapena chilimwe, koma chaka chonse. Ichi ndi ntchito yosangalatsayi yomwe imakondweretsa ngakhale kwa omwe adziwona kuti ali kutali ndi mutu wa munda. Mutatha kuwerenga nkhaniyi, munaphunzira nthawi yobzala tomato ndi mitundu yambiri yosankha zokolola zambiri.