Zokolola za tomato pakukula masamba pa mizu iwiri

Kodi ndizomwe amaluwa samapita kuti atenge zokolola zambiri kunyumba kwawo? Fufuzani zabwino kwambiri mitundu ya tomato, ndondomeko iwo ndi zosiyanasiyana kukonzekera, nthawi zonse kudyetsa iwo ndi zosiyanasiyana feteleza.

Ena amasankha pang'onopang'ono ndikukula - kumera chomera 1 pa mizu 2, yomwe imapezeka chifukwa cha katemera. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za ubwino ndi kuipa kwa njirayi, komanso momwe mungabzalitsire tomato ndi kuwasamalira.

Njira Yoyenera

Njira yakukula tomato mu mizu 2 imathandiza kuthetsa mavuto angapo. Mwa njira iyi, n'zotheka kupereka mphamvu yochuluka kwa mbande zomwe zinalibe kuwala, choncho zinakula, zochepa komanso zofooka (za njira zokula mbande ndi malamulo ozisamalira, werengani pano). Kapena mbande zimatulutsa kwambiri, ndipo mothandizidwa ndi njirayi, mungagwiritse ntchito zomera zonse, ndikuzidyetsa m'malo ochepa.

Zabwino ndi zamwano

Njira iyi yakukula tomato ili ndi ubwino wambiri:

• amalimbikitsa kuwonjezeka kwa zokolola ndi 30 - 40%;
• amavomereza kufulumizitsa kwa zipatso kutsata, kucha;
• kumawonjezera kukula kwa chipatso (za mavuto ndi zizindikiro za kukula tomato wamkulu angapezeke apa);
• kumathandiza kukana kwa tomato ku matenda osiyanasiyana;
• amachepetsa nyengo yokula.

Zowonongeka ndizochepa: zikuluzikulu ndi nthawi yochuluka yomwe wogulitsa, kukhalapo kwa luso linalake lodzala. Ngati chodzala chikagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mbande, ndiye chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa zimayambira, mukhoza kuwononga kuchuluka kwa kubzala.

Kuyanjanitsa ndi imodzi mwa njira zothandizanitsa, momwe mphukira zapafupi zimagawidwa mumtundu umodzi. Chigamba ndi chomera chomwe chikuphatikizidwa; Kuphatikizidwa ndi mbali yomwe imapangidwira chitsa kuti ikhale yatsopano.

Ntchito yokonzekera

Kudumpha

Zomwe zinachitikira wamaluwa ntchito zojambula zopanda nsalu zakuthupi 0,5 mm lonse ngati zomangiriza. Ngati palibe zinthu zoterezi, zingasinthidwe ndi nsalu zapafupi, zovala zapamwamba zokonzekera orchid peduncle, zojambula zofewa, chingwe cha nsalu kapena twine chabe. Alimi ena amagwiritsa ntchito filimu yowonongeka kapena tepi, koma ali ndi otsutsa omwe amakhulupirira kuti kutentha kwapadera kumapezeka pansi pa filimuyi, zomwe zimapangitsa kupanga mizu yowonongeka pa tsamba la inoculation.

Mitundu yoyenera

Ndibwino kuti mitundu ya phwetekere ikhale yabwino (Astrakhan, Riddle, Raja, Hospitality ndi ena): Mapesi aakulu a mitundu yambiri yomwe imapezeka pamphepete mwachitsulo ikhoza kutha.

Ndiponso Mutha kuwaza tomato wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana, Mmodzi mwa iwo ali ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri (Gina, Petite, Waterfall, Family, Iso, Aphrodite ndi ena), ndipo ena akulimbana ndi matenda (Alaska, Firebird, Boheme, Blitz, Sensei ndi ena).

Kukonzekera Mbewu

Musanafese, mbewuzo zimayambitsidwa mu 1% yothetsera potassium permanganate, mu njira ya madzi aloe (1: 1 ndi madzi), mu njira ya Fitosporin. Izi zidzathandiza mbeu kuti imalimbitse chitetezo cha mthupi, kuti zikhale zolimbana ndi matenda, kuti zikhale zokolola zambiri.

Werengani zambiri za momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mbeu za phwetekere musanafese, mu nkhani yosiyana.

Kufufuza kofunikira

Kujambula mbande kudzafuna matanki ochulukirapo. Pazifukwazi, mungagwiritse ntchito makatoni a mkaka, kudula mabotolo a pulasitiki, miphika ya maluwa ndi mamita khumi ndi awiri mpaka 12, ndi zina zotero. Pofuna kubwezera, mudzafunanso tsamba lakuthwa, ubweya wa thonje, mowa wa salicylic.

Kubzala ndi kubweretsa

Malamulo oyambirira

1. N'zotheka kugawanika tomato kale atabzalidwa pamtunda, koma ndibwino kuti muzitha kuika pansi ngakhale pamene mukuwombera mbande.
2. Amaluwa ena omwe amatsatira kalendala ya mwezi amatulutsa njira zofananamo pokhapokha mwezi ukatuluka.
3. Nthaŵi ya katemera ndi yamadzulo, ndipo ndi bwino kuchita chimodzimodzi ngati nyengo yamvula imakhala.
4. Zokwanira za mbande zikhoza kuchepetsedwa osati kuthirira kwa masiku angapo nthawi isanafike.
5. Malo opatsirana katemera ayenera kukhala masentimita 10 mpaka 12 kuchokera mu nthaka.
6. Pamene zimamera ndikukula, kupunthwa kumayenera kumasulidwa pang'onopang'ono.

Nthawi

Nthanga za phwetekere ziyenera kufesedwa pakatikati pa mwezi wa February - oyambirira March. Pambuyo pa masabata awiri mpaka atatu, kumera kwa mbande kumapangidwira (momwe mungamerekere mbatata ku mbeu popanda kupeza pakhomo. Mwezi umodzi musanabzala mbande pamalo otseguka (pafupifupi pakati-kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April), kubwezeretsa kumachitika. Kuwaza nthawi zambiri kumachitika masiku 10 mpaka 15.

Mmene mungamere tomato ndi mizu iwiri: sitepe ndi sitepe malangizo

1. Kufesa ndi kulima mbande za tomato zomwe zimapangidwa mwachizolowezi.
2. Pambuyo tsamba lachiwiri lachiwonekere likuwoneka pa mbande, sungani tomato muzitsulo zosiyana. Zomera zimabzalidwa pawiri ndi chizoloŵezi wina ndi mnzake pamtunda wa masentimita awiri mpaka 3.
3. Pamene mapesi a phwetekere afika pa makulidwe a 4-5 mm, mukhoza kuyamba ndondomeko yowonekera. Poyamba, manja ndi zipangizo ayenera kuzimitsidwa ndi swab ya thonje yotsekedwa mu salicylic mowa.
4. Pa chomera chilichonse, pang'onopang'ono pogwiritsa ntchito tsamba, phulani khungu (pafupifupi 1.5 - 2 cm) pamalo pomwe kudumpha kudzachitika.
5. Kenaka, tsambali limapangidwa pambali ya madigiri 45 m'madera omwe khungu limachotsedwa. Pamtengo wogulidwa wapangidwa kuchokera pamwamba kumunsi, ndipo pamtengowo - kuyambira pansi mpaka pansi. Kuzama kwake ndi 1/3 pa tsinde lililonse, kutalika kwake ndi 6 - 7 mm.
6. Zodula ziyenera kudutsa pophika imodzi.
7. Malo owoloka ayenera kumangidwa mwamphamvu ndi kumangiriza, kulumikizana ndi zomera ziwiri palimodzi.
8. Pambuyo pa tomato mwakula pamodzi, katunduyo ayenera kuchotsedwa ndi kudula ndi tsamba laling'ono kuchokera kumalo osungunulira.
9. Mfundo yodulidwayo imayikidwanso ndi kukwapula, zomwe zingachotsedwe pambuyo pa chomera (patatha pafupifupi sabata).

Malangizo osamalira

Katemera atangotha ​​katemera, mbande ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito masiku 4 mpaka 5. Kutentha kwa kutentha pa kupopera kumayenera kusungidwa mkati mwa 20 ° C - + 22 ° C. N'zotheka kuyika matumba apulasitiki pa tomato yosungunulidwa kwa masiku awiri kuti apange nyengo yabwino yotentha. Kuthirira kumachitidwa ndi madzi otentha pazu pamene nthaka ikuuma. Chomera chophatikizidwa chimaikidwa pamalo otseguka kapena wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo masamba 1 mpaka 2 apansi amachotsedwa (tinayankhula za mithunzi ya tomato ikukula pansi pano).

Pamene zikutsika, mizu yonse iyenera kutambasulidwa mosiyana, kotero kuonjezera chiwerengero cha zakudya. Kumusamalira ndi chimodzimodzi ndi phwetekere wamba. Onetsetsani kuti mumangiriza chitsamba pamphepete: kuti musasokoneze malo opota, tsinde lamangirizidwa kawiri - pamwamba ndi pansi pa sitepe. Komanso, musayiwale za kudyetsa: ndibwino kuti muzichita kamodzi pa masiku khumi ndi awiri. Mukhoza kupanga feteleza komanso organic.

Chotsatira ndi chiyani kudikirira?

Kupota mofulumira kungatsimikizidwe pazithunzi: tsinde la mbeu imodzi pang'onopang'ono lidzawombera, lidzakhala lamphamvu ndi lamphamvu chifukwa cha kuwonjezereka kwina kwa mpesa ku chomera china.

Thandizo Alimi wamaluwa, omwe amayesa kuyesa phwetekere ndi tsabola kapena mbatata. Mungayesenso kuyesa mphukira zosiyanasiyana za tomato kwa wina ndi mzake, mwachitsanzo, ndi pinki (uchi wofiira, De Barao, pink pink, etc.) ndi zipatso zachikasu (Honey Spas, Persimmon, Orange, etc.).

Zolakwika Zachizolowezi

• Ndikofunika kuti katemera ndi zomera zazing'ono: tsinde lawo lidali lozungulira, ndipo limakula limakhala lopanda pake, ndipo zomera sizidzakula palimodzi.
• Musamaphatikizane wina ndi mzake akuwombera mwakuchitika kuti harniyo sinapangidwe mwamphamvu.

Njira yakukula tomato pa mizu iwiri imafuna khama kuchokera kwa wolima. Koma ndi katemera woyenera bwino, zotsatira zidzatha kuposa zonse zomwe zikuyembekezera: Pali tomato wokwanira pa tebulo, pa workpiece, ndi pa achibale ndi abwenzi.