Gophers ndi mamembala a banja la squirrel, kupanga mitundu khumi yosiyana. Ndizoopsa kwambiri kwa minda m'madera otentha a dzikoli..
Chifukwa cha kuswana mwakhama, makoswewa akufalitsidwa kwambiri ku Russia.
Kuwoneka, kufotokoza ndi kubereka
Kutalika kwa thupi la nyama kuli pafupi 30-35 masentimitaMchira ndi 30% ya thupi lonselo.
Mtundu wa kumbuyo uli wakuda, bulauni wagolide ndi mabala oyera ndi mawanga. Masaya ndi maso ali ndi dzimbiri zakuda.. Mutu ndi chifuwa ndi zokhala ndi siliva.
Thupi lambiri liri ndi zida zazing'ono.
Malo akuluakulu ali steppe minda ndi mbewu zosatha. Gophers amakhala kosatha kumunda, osazolowereka pamsewu, m'mapanga ndi m'mphepete mwa nkhalango.
Mitundu ina imasuntha, ikuyenda kudutsa m'minda. Ndodo zimakonza malo awo okhala, zomwe zingakhale zazing'ono kapena zosatha.
Akuluakulu amakhala ambiri mosiyana, m'mabowo osiyana. Nyama zimapanga zisa zapadera kumeneko, kuziphimba ndi udzu, udzu ndi tizilombo tochepa.
Nyengo yobereketsa imayamba masika pamene zinyama zimadzuka kuchokera ku hibernation. Mzimayi wamwamuna amatha kubereka kuyambira ana 5 mpaka 10. Pambuyo pa miyezi 1-2, anyamata ochepa amakhala odziimira.
Kufalitsa ku Russia
Amagawanika kwambiri m'madera ambiri, makamaka m'madera a Lower Volga, dera la Orenburg, Ciscaucasia, Yakutia, m'madera akumadzulo ndi kum'mawa kwa Siberia.
Kuchuluka kwa kufalitsa ndizosiyana, makamaka makoswe ambiri m'dera la Volga. Panthawi yomwe dziko la namwali likukula bwino, akudziŵa bwino gawo latsopanoli.
Gophers amawopseza kwambiri mlimi ndipo akulimbana nawo kwambiri. Komabe, sizirombo zokha zomwe zingawononge kwambiri mbewu.Takukonzerani nkhani zokhudzana ndi zoterezi: nsapato, timadontho timene timeneti timeneti, mbewa ndi mbewa zakutchire.
Chimene chimadyetsa ndi gawo mu chakudya
Gophers amadyetsa makamaka amabzala chakudya, ambiri akudya mbewu za tirigu ndi zomera zakutchire. Awononge mbali zosiyanasiyana za zomera pazigawo zonse za kukula kwake: afesa mbewu, mphukira zazing'ono, zimayambira, masamba, maluwa.
Koma koposa zonse monga kudya mbewu zachakumwa zokolola zam'mundamonga chimanga, mapira, tirigu ndi nandolo. Mu chilengedwe, chiwerengero cha makoswe chimayendetsedwa ndi odyetsa am'deralo: nkhandwe ndi ferrets. Makungubwe ndi mbalame zikusaka nyama yotchedwa steppe, kapena m'malo ake ana ake.
Mitundu ya gophers ndi zithunzi
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Tsiku limodzi gopher akhoza kudya mpaka 50 magalamu a tirigu. Ndi anthu ambiri pa hekitala, mukhoza kutaya makilogalamu 45.
Chovulaza chachikulu pa ulimi ndi mitundu isanu ndi umodzi.:
Little Gopher. Ndilofala kwambiri m'mapiri a Caucasus, m'dera la Lower Volga komanso m'madera a Siberia.
Little Gopher kapena Spermophilus pygmaeus
Gopher wamoto. Amapezeka m'madera a Central Chernozem.
Gologolo kapena Spermophilus suslicus
Ofiira-cheeked. Ambiri amagawidwa ku steppes ndi m'mapiri a Altai, ku Western Siberia.
Chotupa cha Red-cheeked pansi kapena Spermophilus erythrogenys
Long-tailed floor squirrel. Kufalitsidwa ku Western Siberia ndi Yakutia.
Long-tailed ground squirrel kapena Urocitellus undulatus
Reddish Gopher. Zimakhala kumadera ena a Bashkortostan, dera la Volga ndi Western Siberia.
Chofiira cha Gopher kapena Spermophilus chachikulu
Yellow Gopher. Amapezeka m'madera a Lower Volga.
Gologolo wakuda kapena Spermophilus fulvus
Zosiyana
Chosiyana ndi makoswe onsewo ndi nsapato zazikulupamene nyama zimatha kunyamula chakudya chochuluka.
Iwo amakhalanso ndi zikopa zamtundu wachikasu zomwe zimayenera kukhala pansi nthawi zonse. Nyama zimenezi zimasiyananso ndi mphamvu zawo nthawi yachisawawa kwa nthawi yayitali.
Kuvulaza minda
Gophers ndi nyama zamphongo zambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza akhoza kuwononga mbewu zosiyanasiyana. Nyama zimenezi zimapweteka kwambiri mbewu, kudya mbewu zobiriwira ndi mbewu m'makutu. Chifukwa cha kudyetsa kotero, mawanga amamanga kuzungulira ming'oma, ndi anthu ambiri, malo akutali akugwirizanitsana ndipo mbewu zimatha kuwonongedwa.
Gophers amachititsa kuti mbewu zisawonongekeAmakumba mbewu zowera, potero amapukuta mbewu kwambiri. Komanso, pa zomera zomwe zimakwera, amadya masamba oyambirira, ndipo zitsamba zotsalirazo zimafa kapena zimakula pang'ono.
Kuwonjezera pa kudya msipu wobiriwira, kuwonongeka kumayambitsidwanso pamene kukumba mabowo, pamene malo ochulukirapo aponyedwa pamwamba, motero kulimbikitsa kukolola. Pamalo odyetserako ziweto 20-30 pa hekita amatha kuwononga zoposa theka la nkhokwe. Amakhalanso ndi mabotolo a m'nkhalango.. Iwo amafukula ndikudya mbewu za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitengo.
Kwa nthawi imodzi, mtedza umodzi ukhoza kudya makilogalamu 4 a tirigu. Pamene chiwerengero cha anthu 10 pa hekitala, aliyense adzataya makilogalamu 40 a tirigu.
Tiyenera kudziŵa kuti sizilombo zokha zomwe zingawononge kwambiri alimi, wamaluwa ndi wamaluwa. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sizowopsa.Ife takonzerani inu mndandanda wa zipangizo zokhudzana ndi anthu opanda chifundo. Werengani zonse zokhudza chimbalangondo, kachilomboka ka Colorado kamodzi ndi dzombe.
Njira zolimbana
Pofuna kuthana ndi mazenera amagwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo:
- Chiwopsezo chakupha. Zakudya zamtundu kapena za chimanga zimanyowa ndi kuthiridwa ndi zinki phosphide. Kenaka mbewuzo zimabalalika ndi dzanja, mothandizidwa ndi magalimoto kapena ndege, pafupi ndi magulu akuluakulu a ziweto. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kusunga malamulo onse otetezeka.ZOFUNIKA. Nkhumba za nyambo ziyenera kukhala zabwino, popanda zopanda pake ndi zonunkhira.
- Kusankhidwa Njirayi ndi yovuta komanso yokwera mtengo. Iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo omwe simungathe kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowonongera mbeu.
- Kugwira misampha. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kunja kwa mbewu, pafupi ndi misewu. Ikani arc misampha №0 ndi №1. Njirayi imakhala yothandiza makamaka kumapeto kwa ziweto zinyama.
Chenjerani! Gophers amanyamula nthendayi ndi matenda ena opatsirana, ndipo mukhoza kutenga kachilombo kudzera mwachindunji ndi zinyama, ndi kupweteka kwa utitiri umene umakhalamo.
Kutsiliza
Mitundu yambiri ya mafinya imayambitsa zokolola zambiri, kuwononga mbewu ndi msipu. Kulimbana ndi vuto kwa alimi.
