Powdery mealybug kapena utoto wamakutu ndimtundu woyamwa womwe umakhudza mitundu yambiri ya mbewu. Ili ndi dzina lodziwika bwino la tizilombo kuchokera ku langizo la Koktsid, wachibale wapamtunda wa tizilombo tambiri.
Tizilombo titha kupezeka m'mundamo pa mitengo yazipatso ndi miyala, m'malo obisalamo, m'malo osungira mafilimu, m'nyumba zosungiramo zinyalala ndi m'nyumba pazomera zamkati.
Mealybug kapena shaggy louse imakhudza:
- mizu kunyumba ndi zipatso;
- masamba a dacaena - mbale zimayamba kumata;
- pa orchid - masamba, masamba akutulutsa;
- mtengo wamalonda - gundani thunthu ndi loyera loyera.
Monstera, fuchsia, croton, camellia, anthurium, mitundu yambiri yazomera zapakhomo zimakhala malo okhala ndi mphutsi. Maluwa amaponderezedwa, njira ya photosynthesis imasokonekera.
Kufotokozera kwa Mealybug
Nyongolotsi dzina lawo loyera choyera pathupi monga chimanga kapena bristles, zimangopangidwa mwa tizilombo akuluakulu. Padziko lapansi pali mitundu yoposa masauzande awiri ya nyongolotsi zochokera kukula kwa maikolofoni 500 mpaka 12 mm. Kukhazikika kwa tiziromboti ndi kwakukulu, amakhala munthawi iliyonse ya nyengo:
- subtropics;
- malo otentha;
- kutentha kotentha.
Zowonongeka zamaluwa amkati, mitengo yazipatso, mbewu zamafakitale zimayambitsidwa ndi zazikazi ndi mphutsi. Amayamwa timadziti kuchokera ku mizu kapena gawo la chomera, kusokoneza kukula kwathunthu, ndipo nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa kufa.
Amuna alibe vuto, alibe phokoso pakamwa, mawonekedwe ake amafanana ndi udzudzu wa "ufa". Akazi ndi osalala, ofewa, ozungulira mawonekedwe ndi mutu, chifuwa, komanso pamimba.
Tizilombo tamadutsa timadziti tam'madzi tomwe timakhala ngati mame omwe uchi umabowola. Chifukwa cha mame a nyongolotsi, nyerere zimawakonda, zimanyamula kupita nazo kuminda, komanso kuteteza nkhosazi ku tizilombo tina touluka.
M'minda ya zipatso, tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timabisalira pakhungwa la zipatso kapena miyala yamiyala kapena m'malo obisika a greenhouse. Imaleza mofatsa mpaka -15 ° C. Imayendetsa mu April.
Kufalikira ndi kukula kwa ma mebubu
Mitundu ya mphutsi zomwe zimapezeka pazomera zamkati, m'malo obiriwira, zimatha kubereka popanda kutengapo gawo pa anyani amuna. M'chaka chimodzi, zazikazi zimapanga mitundu iwiri mpaka 4, pomwe pali mazira 300 mpaka 2,000. Ndi chonde chotere, iwo amakhala mwachangu maluwa oyandikira. 
Kuswana kwa Mealybug
Mealybugs amabzala mbewu zomwe zimakonda nthaka yachonde. Zachikazi sizigwira ntchito, zimasamukira kumalo ena pokhapokha zovuta zolimbana ndi ana okalamba ziyamba. Ndiosavuta kupezedwa ndi ma fluff oyera - mafayilo otayirira a nesting otsalira.
Dzira
Yachikazi imapanga ubweya wokhotakhota wopakidwa kumkaka - thumba lozungulira kapena lozungulira, lophatikizika ndi axel masamba kapena pakati mitsempha yapakati pa tsamba. Mpweya wopopera umasungunuka madzi, koma umalola kuti mpweya udutse. Mazira amatha kutulutsa, ndimtundu wa gelatinous, umayera kunja. Amakhala ozunguliridwa kapena mawonekedwe a ellipse.
Larva
Pambuyo masiku 5 mpaka 10, pafupifupi kumanga konse kumawuma. Mazira ena amafa pokhapira kutentha pang'ono. Mphutsi ndizovuta kwambiri, zimatha kupulumuka. Ndizovuta kuthana nawo. Amasiya coco mwachangu, kufalikira pamalowo. Pakusewera, mphutsizo zimatchedwa "tramp," miyendo itatu yangoyendayenda. Pokhapokha pakuyeretsa, anthu amawuma. Tizilombo tambiri topepuka timasinthira ku maluwa ena. Amasinthana mwachangu ndi malo atsopano. Akakhala okhwima, akazi amasiya kugwira ntchito, miyendo imatha mu mitundu ina.
Mitundu ya Mealybug
Mitundu itatu ya tizirombo timadziwika kuti ndiyo yoyambira kwambiri komanso yovuta kufafaniza. Pazonse zofunikira kutchulidwa mwatsatanetsatane. Ngati zikuwoneka kuti ndi zobiriwira kapena zamkati zamkati - ndikofunikira kuchitira mbewu zaukadaulo ndi wowonjezera kutentha.
Bristly
Plaque pa thupi la nyongolotsi imapanga zophukira zazing'ono. Akazi omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe owulika afikira 3.5 mm. Thupi lokhala ndi miyendo itatu ndi utoto wamalalanje kapena wapinki. Chithandizo cha mbewu zomwe zimayambukiridwa ndi tizilombo ndizovuta chifukwa cha majini amtunduwu. Akazi achimvekere amakhala kumapeto kwa masamba, m'malo obisika a thunthu.
Akazi amapanga mwachangu mizere, amalepheretsa kukula kwa mbeu, ndikupangitsa kuti afe. M'miyambo yambiri, mizu imakhudzidwa, ndikudya gawo loyambirira la bulb. Mutha kuwona nyongolotsi zam'madzi pouma masamba, madontho a mame a uchi, kukula kwa fungus - imapanga bulauni kapena mawanga akuda osiyanasiyana osiyanasiyana.
Mphesa
Thupi lamtundu wachikasu kapena lofiirira la mphutsi limakhala lalikulu, logwirizana bwino ndi zokutira wa ufa wa unga. Akazi amathiridwa umuna ndi amuna, ndi ochepa mwa iwo, amachoka pamtengo ali pachiwopsezo chilichonse.
Mphutsi zimakonda kulumikiza m'mitsempha yothandizira, ndizosavuta kupita ku michere. Mitundu yolakwitsa pakati pa masamba ang'onoang'ono osasunthika. Pa mphukira, zingwe zazing'ono zamtundu wa ubweya wa thonje ndizowonekera.
Kuti anthu achulukane kwambiri, chinyezi sichofunikira kupitirira 75%, kutentha mkati mwa + 22 ... +25 ° ะก. Ndikofunika kusamutsa mbewu zomwe zikukhudzidwa munthawi ya chithandizo kuchokera ku mealybug kupita kumalo abwino, kudzipatula ku mbewu zina zonse.
Nyanja
Mitundu yofala kwambiri ya mphutsi imawoneka ngati njere ya mpunga wokhotakhota kuchokera kumunsi wokhala ndi mbali zosagwirizana, mbali zitatu zamiyendo ndi tsitsi lotsika. Zoyala, zazikazi zikuluka mazira, muziwakhwimitsa:
- pambali yamasamba;
- mu zopindika za kotekisi;
- m'munsi mwa petiole;
- pakati pa masamba a mphukira zazing'ono.
Pambuyo pa molt woyamba, zazing'ono zazikazi zimatha kuyikira mazira 50 pa nthawi ya kukula. Mpaka utakhazikika kwathunthu, mealybug imafunikira mpaka mwezi. Mu nkhonya ya munthu wamkulu, pali zidutswa mpaka 600. Mphutsi zimafalikira mwachangu mmera, pamadothi omasuka, amagwira mizu.
Mukamayamwa ndikusungunuka khalani osasunthika. Mame a uchi amapangidwa m'miyeso yayikulu - chakudya chomwe ndimakonda mwa nyerere zazing'ono zakuda. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tikuwoneka pamitengo yazipatso kapena m'malo obiriwira, ndibwino kuchitira mankhwala owonjezera sopo m'malo omwe mealybugs ikhoza kukhala.
Zizindikiro zowonongeka kwa zomera ndi mealybug
Zizindikiro zakuwonongeka kwa tizilombo:
- Kutulutsa masamba ndi mphukira zazing'ono;
- udzudzu yaying'ono pa mawindo a nyumba zobiriwira, malo obiriwira kapena nyumba;
- zokutira zoyera za ufa pamitengo, "ubweya" wa fiber;
- chinthu chomata pamwamba pa pepala;
- Tizilombo tambiri tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayikidwa m'nthaka, timazindikira kuti timatulutsa dothi kapena kumasula dothi.
Njira za Mealyworm
Pazizindikiro zoyambirira za tizirombo, tikulangizidwa kuchiza mbewu zomwe zakhudzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zina, zoyeserera nthawi. Ndi kuchuluka kwa tizilombo, "zolemera" zojambulajambula zimayambitsidwa, mankhwala ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo amagwiritsidwa ntchito. 
Kuwongolera kwa mealyworm
Zomera zomwe zimakhudzidwa kwambiri zimatsukidwa ndi burashi yofewa. Chotsani zokutira zonona Ndiosavuta kuchotsa tizirombo tisanakule.
Zithandizo za anthu
Maluwa amkati ndi mbewu za wowonjezera kutentha amatsukidwa ndi sopo, 15 g ochapira kapena sopo wobiriwira amasungunuka mu lita imodzi yamadzi.
Kuchotsa masamba olimba kumachotsedwa ndi nsalu yofewa kapena chinkhupule.
Tincture wa adyo ulibe vuto kwa njuchi: ma clove 5 a sing'anga kukula kutsanulira 0,5 l madzi otentha, kukulira kwa maola 6. Sefa, nyowetsani mbewu yonse bwino.
Emulsions potengera masamba aliwonse amafuta ndi othandiza pofatsa. Kuti 0,5 malita a madzi kuwonjezera 1 tbsp. supuni ya mafuta.
Tincture wa hatchi amachitika mu madzi osamba kwa mphindi 20. Supuni 1 yamtundu wouma wowonjezera umaphatikizidwa ndi kapu yamadzi ofunda.
Kulowetsedwa kwa zipatso zazitini kumapangidwa pamlingo wa 15 g wa crume wowuma (Art. Supuni ndi phiri) pa lita imodzi ya madzi otentha. Pambuyo pozizira, yankho limasefedwa.
Kuchepetsa kapena kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi njira zotetezeka zimachitika katatu, masiku asanu aliwonse. Makamaka omwe ali pachiwopsezo ndi mphutsi zomwe zayamba kumene. Pakamwa pawo pakukhudzidwa, sangadye, kufa, kugwa masamba kapena thunthu.
Mankhwala
Malinga ndi kuwunika kwa alimi a maluwa, kunyumba, kuchokera kukonzekera kambiri komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pokongoletsa mbewu ndi maluwa obiriwira, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito Aktara, Fitoverm Forto. Patulani maluwa kawiri pamwezi mpaka chikhodzacho chitha.
Zokonzekera zimapangidwa pamaziko a mafuta, zimakhazikika bwino pamasamba. Mankhwalawa amawaika pansi pa pepala lililonse ndi mfuti yopopera. Njira yogwira ntchito imapukutidwa malinga ndi malangizo. Ndikofunikira kuyang'anira chitetezo, gwiritsani ntchito zida zodzitchinjiriza.
A Dachnik adalangiza: kupewa matendawa ndi mealybug
Zovuta mu kayendetsedwe ka tizilombo zimapezeka pamene mbewu zakunja ndi zobiriwira zakhudzidwa.
Ngati kuthirira nthawi zonse kumachitika, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuthirira, kuwonjezeka chinyezi mu nyengo yozizira, pomwe kutentha kwapakati kukuyenda, chiopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa maluwa chichepetsedwa.
Mukamadyetsa, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira muyeso.
Zochulukirapo za feteleza wa nayitrogeni zimakhumudwitsa mbewu; ntchito zawo zachilengedwe zoteteza zimakhala zopanda mphamvu.
Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa zofunika kuzifufuza: potaziyamu, calcium, phosphorous. Chipinda chimapumira masamba, ndikofunikira kuchotsa fumbi lochuluka kwa iwo munthawi yake.
Ndikofunika kusunga duwa lomwe linaperekedwa kapena lomwe linatengedwa kwa milungu ingapo yoyambira patali mpakana pakukhulupirira kuti palibe tizirombo. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopewera, tekinoloji yoyenera sayenera kuiwopa nyama zapakhomo. Mealybugs amakonda kugwirira maluwa ofooka ndi masamba amfumbi.
