Cherries a Zhivitsa osiyanasiyana ali m'gulu la dykes. Duke ndi wosakanizidwa wamatcheri ndi ma cherries, koma amaonedwa ngati mitundu yodziyimira yamatcheri. Zhivitsa imatha kutchedwa mitundu yakumadzulo, popeza makolo ake ndi akale achikulire ku Europe: chikasu cha ku Germany chotchedwa Denisen ndi zipatso zakucha zaku Spain za Griot Ostheim. Zosiyanasiyana zidapangidwa ku Belarus posachedwa. Chalangizidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito pa chilengedwe cha 2002. Kenako idayamba kufalikira ku Ukraine komanso ku Russia. Ndipo mu 2005 adaphatikizidwa ku Russia State Register of Kukulitsa Zowonjezera momwe adalimbikitsidwira kuti azigwiritsa ntchito m'chigawo Chapakati.
Kufotokozera zamitundu mitundu Zhivitsa
Kuchokera kwa makolo osiyanasiyana adapeza zinthu zabwino zotsatirazi.
- kucha kucha
- kukula kwa mabulosi ambiri
- kukoma kokoma
- kukana chisanu
- kukhazikika zipatso chaka chilichonse.
Zipatso mikhalidwe ya Central dera la Russia zipse kumapeto kwa June - July woyamba. Izi ndi mtundu wosowa kwambiri womwe ungapatse mbewu yoyamba yoyamba chaka chakubzala. Kubala mphamvu zokwanira kumayambira kale kwa zaka 3-4, pomwe mitundu ina yambiri ikungoyamba kumene kupereka mbewu yaying'ono. Palibe zambiri pa moyo wathunthu ndi zipatso zamtunduwu, mwina chifukwa pafupifupi ndi zaka 15-25 zamatcheri, ndipo mitundu ya Zhivitsa idakalipobe ndipo sinadutse nthawi yotere.
Zipatso za Zhivitsa ndizazungulira, kunja kwamtambo wakuda wofiira. Kununkhira ndikosangalatsa, ndi acidity pang'ono. Komabe, zomwe zili mu shuga sizijambulidwa, pafupifupi 8 - 9%. Mwa mitundu ina, chizindikiro ichi ndi 12-13%. Koma zipatso za Zhivitsa zipatso ndizocheperako, 1-1.5%, kotero zipatsozi sizimawoneka kuti ndizapamwamba kwambiri kulawa. Kulemera kwakukulu kwa zipatso ndi 3-4 g, komwe sikuli kutali ndi atsogoleri (mpaka 7 g). Ubwamuna ndi wofiirira wakuda, wonunkhira, mu zipatso zakupsa, fupa limasiyanitsidwa mosavuta.
Pali zambiri pa zokolola za mitundu mitundu mukadzala m'minda yamafakitale. Ndi njira yodzala mamitala 5 pakati pa mizere ndi 3 pakati pa mitengo ikuluikulu, 100 mpaka 140 centres iliyonse amatuta, kapena, momveka bwino kwa dimba laling'ono, malinga ndi 100-140 kg kuchokera 100 lalikulu mita (mamilimita lalikulu).
Uku si mbiri poyerekeza ndi mitundu yakale yayitali.
Mtengowu umakhala wamtundu wapakatikati, mpaka 3 mita kukwera. Amapanga korona wozungulira, wokhala ndi nthambi zokulira komanso zolimba ndi nsonga zopyapyala pansi. Crohn imakula pang'onopang'ono, malo omwe nthambi sizikhala pafupipafupi. Zosiyanasiyana sizichedwa kukulira ndipo zimafuna kuti mitengo isamayandike.
Zokolola zilipo kuti zisonkhanitsire kuchokera kumaimidwe onyamula kapena opondaponda
Mukamayesa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyengo ya Belarus, yofananira nyengo yozizira kumadera ambiri a ku Europe kwa Russia, sipanakhalepo milandu yozizira.
Zosiyanasiyana zake ndi zopanda nzeru. Ndiye kuti, pamtengo umodzi maluwa onse amakhala aimuna kapena aakazi okha. Ngati pafupi kapena mtunda wa 20-30 m, osapitirira apo, palibenso zipatso zamtengo wapatali, mtengo umaphuka. ndipo thumba losunga mazira silikhala chapadera. Zomwe, zimadziwika ndi mitundu yambiri yamatcheri. Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kubzala m'magulu, makamaka ndi mitundu ina - pollinators, yamatcheri kapena yamatcheri. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zamtundu uliwonse, koma Belarusian Vyanok, Mmera kapena Novodvorskaya.
Popanda ma pollinators, mazira amapanga 20% yokha ya maluwa.
Kubzala mtengo wa chitumbuwa
Zhivitsa zosiyanasiyana sizipereka mphukira. Izi zitha kuonedwa kuti ndi zochulukirapo mukamachoka, koma izi zikutanthauza kuti kusiyanasiyana sikungafalitsidwe ndi mizu. Mbande ziyenera kugula mu nazale.
Zhivitsa amayambira bwino mu nthawi yophukira komanso nthawi yophukira masika nthawi yachisanu. Komabe, kubzala kwa masika kumalimbikitsidwa kumadera akumpoto. Kenako mmera umatha kuzika mizu, kupeza mphamvu ndi kulowa nthawi yozizira yolimba nthawi yachisanu. Koma kum'mwera zigawo sizingatheke kukoka ndi kofikira nyengo yophukira. Kuti mmera ukhazikike nyengo yachisanu isanakhazikike, ndikofunikira kubzala mbeu nthawi yomweyo isanayambike, ndiye kuti masamba atagwa.
Kusankha malo abwino
Malo obzala yamatcheri amasankhidwa bwino-kuwaza, osakonzekera bwino, osasalala. Kuzama kwa pansi panthaka kuyenera kukhala osachepera 1.5 m, apo ayi madziwo adzafika kumizu ndipo mtengowo udzafa m'zaka zochepa.
Cherry amakonda kumasula, kukongola, koma nthaka yanyontho. Mchenga suyenera chifukwa sugwira chinyontho ndipo ndiwosabereka. Zachidziwikire. chernozem ndi loam ndi sandy loam ofanana popanga ndi kapangidwe ndi abwino. Koma nthaka imatha kusintha ngati dothi losankhidwa kuchokera dzenje lobzala lisunthidwa ndi humus wapamwamba molingana ndi magawo atatu a nthaka 1 gawo la humus. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera phulusa la nkhuni mu 0,5 l pa 10 l nthaka.
Zhivitsa imafunikira pang'ono zamchere kapena nthaka yosalowerera yomwe ili ndi acidity ya pH7.
Ngati zinthu za organic ziwonjezeredwa pansi pokumba mozama mozungulira bwalo loyandikira, Zhivitsa azitha kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi. Amapanga mizu yolikirako nthawi ziwiri kuposa korona. Mizu yake imapita mwakuya, koma ambiri aiwo adzagona masentimita 20 mpaka 40 - uwu ndi kuya kwakuya kokumbira mpaka bayonet yathunthu ya fosholo.
Kubweretsa manyowa atsopano, feteleza wachilengedwe mu dzenje lobzala, komanso kumiza mizu musanabzale mu mayankho, kumatha kuwotcha mizu. Inde, kukumba kotero pansi pa mtengo wachikulire ndikosavomerezeka, pokhapokha kubzala. Dzenje lakufikira limakonzedwa molingana ndi kukula kwa mizu, makamaka ndi mtunda wa m'lifupi ndi kuya, koma osachepera 50 cm komanso chimodzimodzi pakuya.
M'minda yamafakitale, malo omwe ali ndi kutalika kwa 5 m ndikulimbikitsidwa poyendetsa zida. Kwa minda yaying'ono, imeneyi ndi 3 ndi 3 m.
Pakhoza kukhala mitundu iwiri ya mbande ku nazale:
- lotseguka mizu
- mumidzi yokhala ndi mizu yotsekeka.
Zotsirizira, monga lamulo, zimamera bwino. Koma musanakufukuke ndi dothi lapansi kuchokera mu thankiyo, ndikofunikira kuti musamwetse madziwo - ndiye kuti nthaka idzauma pang'ono, kutsika pang'ono ndikutuluka mosavuta, popanda kuwononga mizu. Koma kuti izi zitheke, ndikofunikira kuti zisamachulukitse osati kupukusa mmera.
Tikufika patali
Njira:
- Pansi pa dzenje lakufika, mtengo wochirikiza ndi wokonzedwa.
- Pansi pa dzenje lakufika mulu wa dziko umathiridwa ndi kutalika kwa 15-25 cm.
- Pamwamba pake anaika mizu ya mmera.
- Mmera uyenera kukhala wofanana monga mu nazale, mulingo uwu umawoneka bwino ndi mtundu wa makungwa. Mulimonsemo, khosi la mizu siliyenera kudzazidwa.
- Ngati ndi kotheka, mtunda umakonkhedwa ndikukwera kapena kutsanulira m'munsi kuti akwaniritse kokwanira.
- Mizu imakutidwa bwino ndi dothi lotayirira, osasiya mpweya uliwonse.
- Dothi limapangidwa mosamala ndi phazi.
- Mmera umamangiriridwa pamtengo wotsamira ndi zinthu zofewa zomwe sizingawononge makungwa - nsalu, nsalu twin, ndi zina.
- Madzi ambiri ndi malita 10-20. kutengera chinyezi cha dothi komanso nyengo.
- Mu nthawi yophukira, dothi lozungulira mmera limadzaza ndi dothi lowola, hafu, peat, singano kapena udzu wabwino wokhala ndi pafupifupi 10 cm.
- Chapakatikati, mulch wakuda ndi wosanjikiza, popeza mulch silingalepheretse dziko lapansi kuti lizitentha kwa nthawi yayitali.
Mtengo wowonetsera sofunikira nthawi zonse.
Imagwira bwino popanda mtengo womwe ungasokoneze mizu
Namsongole pansi pa chitumbuwa safunika. Adzaumiriza mizu yaying'ono ya chitumbuwa.
Itha kuphatikizidwa ndi organic application
Ndikwabwino kupeza mbande wazaka 1-2, zimamera bwino. Komanso, mbande zokhala ndi mizu yotsekeka, mumbale, zitha kubzalidwa mu kugwa komanso madera akumpoto kwambiri, chifukwa ndizothandiza.
Mmera wazaka 1-2 wazaka pafupifupi 1 mita, kutalika kwake ndi nthambi zitatu za mafupa. Iyenera kumanilidwa, yomwe imawoneka bwino ndi kupindika komanso kukula kwa thunthu, kutalika kwa 8-12 masentimita kuchokera khosi lamizu. Ma katemera ndi chitsimikizo kuti iyi si mbalame yakuthengo.
Kusamalira ndi kuteteza ku zilonda
Makhalidwe odabwitsa a Zhivitsa - samatha kutenga matenda osiyanasiyana komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zovuta zikachitika, Zhivitsa amathandizidwa ndimatumba amitundu yonse yamatcheri - mankhwala othandizira tizirombo ndi fungicides matenda oyamba ndi mafakitale, kupanga mafakitale kapena wowerengeka, kutsatira mosamalitsa malangizo aku fakitale kuti agwiritse ntchito komanso zomwe zatsimikiziridwa, zatsimikiziridwa za alimi.
Ndikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa Zhivitsa ndi chiyambi cha zipatso zonse, kwa zaka 3-4. Kompositi kapena ndowe, kapena sapropel - silt yochokera pansi pa malo oyimira amabwezedwa muzu. Amapanga feteleza wa mchere. kasupe, kumayambiriro kwa kukula - nayitrogeni, pakugwa, kuti azithandizira nyengo yachisanu - potashi ndi phosphorous. Mlingo umatsimikizika malinga ndi matebulo omwe ali pamaphukusi. Monga lamulo, izi ndi pafupifupi 40 g pa 1 sq.m.
Amadyetsedwa osati chaka chilichonse, koma zaka 2-3 zilizonse.
Zhivitsa sakonda kuyanika panthaka, chifukwa chake, ngati kuli kotheka, nyengo yadzuwa, imafuna kuthirira. Makamaka panthawi ya maluwa ndi kupangika kwa mazira, izi zimatsimikizira kuchuluka ndi mtundu wa mbewu zomwe zapezeka chaka chino. Nthaka nthawi yothirira imayenera kuti inyowetsedwe ndikuya masentimita 40-50.
Ndemanga Zapamwamba
Zithunzi zanga zamaluwa zoyambirira kwa chaka chino (masamba angapo amitundu yosadziwika) adazulidwa), zikuwoneka kuti payenera kukhala ovary. Adabzala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kwathu ku Belarus - chitumbuwa - chitumbuwa Zhivitsa chosakanizidwa. Zodzilimbitsa, koma nthawi yozizira-yolimba komanso yolimbana ndi zovuta monga coccomycosis ndi moniliosis. Kupukutira ndidabzala zipatso zamtundu wapafupi wa Iput ndi Sopernitsa ya ku Belarus. Ndikukhulupirira kuti tsopano ndidzakhala ndi zokolola zabwino.
//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=1148&start=1215Leisem
Loweruka lapitalo ndidayendayenda dala m'mudzi mwathu, mitengo yonse yamaluwa imakhala yotchingidwa ndi mphepo ndikukula kumbuyo kwa mitengo yayikulu kapena kumbuyo kwa zomangira. Mwinanso, kusankha malo oyenera amtengo wamatcheri ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zikuyenda bwino pakukula kwamatcheri, kupatula apo,, kutentha kwakuzizira nthawi yozizira, kuyandikana kwa madzi apansi panthaka ya nthaka ndikofunikira. Malo a Cherry amatha kupangidwa ndi anthu.
Fatmax//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?f=37&t=1148&sid=a086f1d6d0fd35b5a4604387e1efbe36&start=1230
Mitundu yatsopano, yomwe ndikukhulupirira, yoyamba maluwa. Zhivitsa (nduna) ndi Griot Belorussky. Maluwa 5 - losunga mazira 5. Nawa odziyesera ... Zhivitsa idaphuka msanga kwambiri. Duwa lake lidayamba maluwa kale ... Amakula kutalika kwake, pafupifupi 60 metres, adayamba maluwa pomwe masamba ake akungotulutsa masamba. Koma mwina Zhivitsa adatha kupukuta kwa iwo, kapena iwo amapukutira ndi Griot. Pamwamba pakukula ku Zhivitsa ndimtundu wa pinki, wosazolowereka wamatcheri.
Choyipa//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?f=37&t=1148&start=1245
Kanema: Malangizo othandiza kukula kwamatcheri
Cherry Zhivitsa - mitundu yatsopano. Zomwe zidachitika pakukula kwake zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku Belarus, ndipo ku Central Russia zafalitsa pang'ono pokha pokha pompano, kotero ndemanga zochepa pazomwe zimapezekazi ndizosiyanasiyana. Koma kuweruza ndi kufotokozera - kusasamala, kupirira komanso kukana chisanu ndi matenda, kubwerera mwachangu kwa mbewu yoyamba - ali ndi chiyembekezo chabwino. Chifukwa chake, iye amene amamutsogolera akhoza kupambana. Komanso, imabzalidwe kupukutidwa kwina limodzi ndi mitundu ina yomwe yadziwonetsa kale bwino.
