Mitundu ya Zipangizo: Madzi Akuthwa, Ana, Ivory

Zitsamba - imodzi mwa tizilombo tating'ono kwambiri padziko lapansi. Ngakhale kuti ali ndi kukula kwake, anthu nthawi zambiri amawatcha "ziwanda zochepa" chifukwa cha khalidwe lawo loipa komanso laukali. Ngati ndi kotheka, ana aang'onowa amatha kutenga ngakhale achule akuluakulu komanso mbewa.

Kodi chiguduli chanji?

Nyama iyi ndi ya banja la zinyama, zong'onoting'ono. Kwa nthaŵi yaitali, asayansi amati iwo ali ndi dongosolo losokoneza.

Momwe mungazindikire?

Olima munda nthawi zambiri amasokoneza nkhono ndi mbewa zamunda, koma ngati muyang'anitsitsa, mukhoza kupeza kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pawo.

1. Nsalu ndi yosiyana chovala chamkati monga proboscis.
2. Mutu ndi waukulu ndi gawo losasuntha nkhope. Maso ali ochepa, ozungulira, akuda. Mano opunduka ndi makina aakulu a kutsogolo.
3. Poyerekeza ndi mbewa zamunda, nyamayo ili nayo zowonjezera zambiri. Mapazi amfupi. Thupi la thupi siliposa 3-4 cm, kulemera - pafupifupi 2 magalamu. Munthu wamkulu kwambiri (nyenyezi yoyera yaikulu) amatha kufika masentimita 18 ndipo amayeza magalamu 200.
4. Ubweya uli wofiira, wandiweyani, waufupi, wodekha. Mitundu imasiyanasiyana ndi imvi (fawn) kuti ikhale ya bulauni. Nthawi zambiri mimba imakhala yoyera kapena yowala kuposa mtundu waukulu.
5. Mchira wautali kapena wautali, kupitirira kutalika kwa thupi.

Mitundu

Akatswiri amanena kuti m'chilengedwe Pali mitundu yokwana 260 ya nsomba. Amapezeka m'madera osiyanasiyana, kusinthasintha nyengo za zigawo. Osapezedwa kokha ku continent ya Australia ndi North Pole. Ku Russia, mitundu makumi awiri ndi imodzi inalembedwa. Taganizirani ena mwa iwo:

1. Ng'ombe - nyama yaing'ono ya bulauni kapena mtundu wa fodya wokhala ndi chimbudzi chokhazikika. Pa mchira wotchuka kwambiri (woteteza) makatani ang'onoang'ono akuwonekera. Kukula kwa mwana wang'ombe sikudutsa 3.5-4.5 masentimita. Manowo ndi opindika, makina oyang'ana kutsogolo ndi aakulu, ali ndi mtundu woyera wa chipale chofewa. Mwa anthu a mitunduyo amatchedwa khungu la Etruscan ndi mwana wamphongo wambiri. Amakhala m'mapiri a ku Ulaya.



2. Mbalame wamba (msampha wa m'nkhalango) ndi mtundu wamba wa anthu ozindikira. Amapezeka kumpoto kwa European continent. Kukhalira mu udzu ndi zitsamba zazitsamba, nkhalango zowonongeka. Koma, ikhonza kukhalanso ndi zofuna zaumwini, zovulaza nthaka. Kukula kwa mwana wa ng'ombe ndi 5-7 masentimita, mchira ndi wa 6-8 masentimita. Chovalacho ndi chofiira, mimba ndi yowala. Mphuno imatambasula patsogolo.



3. Nkhono kakang'ono (Khungu Chersky) ndiloling'ono kwambiri loimira nyama zamphongo zomwe zimapezeka ku Russia komanso zochepa kwambiri. Oimira Transpalaearctic. Habitat imachokera ku Peninsula ya Scandinavia kupita kuzilumba za Japan ndi Sakhalin. Amapezeka ku Primorsky Krai, Oryol Region, m'malire ndi nkhalango yam'mapiri, ku Kazakhstan.



4. Kunyumba Kwathu (khungu lakuda lalitali) ndilo nyama yaikulu yomwe imakhala ndi masentimita 6-7 m'litali. Mtundu wofiira imvi. Kufalitsidwa ku Germany, Africa. M'dziko lathu mumapezeka ku Siberia ndi kumpoto kwa dziko la Russia. Kawirikawiri amakhala mu nkhokwe, zipinda zosungiramo katundu, nkhokwe ndi nyumba, zomwe zimawononga nthaka yaulimi.

Mitundu ina

1. Mwana wakhanda (khungu la mwana) ndi nyamakazi kakang'ono ku North America. Kufalitsidwa ku Canada ndi United States. Kukhazikika mu nkhalango zakuda, nkhalango ndi malo otseguka. Kutalika kwa thupi limodzi ndi mchira ndi masentimita 5 5. Tsitsi la ubweya ndi lofiira.



2. Njovu Zambiri (jumper) - nyamakazi yaing'ono ya ku Afrika. Zimasiyanitsa miyendo yaitali ya nsana, mtundu wofiira wofiira wofiira. Chifukwa cha zinthu zakuthupi, zimatha kukula mofulumira ndipo zimadumphira pa zopinga 1 mita. Akatswiri ofufuza masiku ano amanena kuti nyama yodabwitsa imeneyi imalimbikitsa Afrotheria. M'mabukuwo adayesedwa ngati osokoneza, komanso ngati opaleshoni. Subspecies ili ndi anthu 16 omwe amakhala ku Africa.



3. Madzi Opota (wamba kutora) - mtsogoleri wamkulu, kufika mamita 11-12 m'litali, masekeli 10-20. Chovalacho ndi chowoneka, chowoneka chakuda, sichikhoza kumanyowa m'madzi. Mphuno imapangidwira. Paws ali ndi zolimba zowonjezera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nsanja ikhale pamwamba ndikuthandizira kusambira. Mphepete mwa madzi imapezeka ku Norway, France, Sakhalin, Scandinavian Peninsula, ndi Asia, imafalikira ku Northern Mongolia kupita ku China. Zitha kuchitika ku Kazakhstan.



4. Nkhungu zazikulu (polyzoon ya nyumba) - nyama, m'magawo a Africa, Asia, ndi Near and Far East. Anapeza mbiri yake chifukwa cha Chuchundra - khalidwe la mbiri yotchuka ya R. Kipling Riki-Tikki-Tavi. Mtsogoleri wamkulu, wokwana 11-12 masentimita m'litali. Mtundu wautoto ndi wakuda. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala pakati pa anthu, zomwe zimawononga ulimi.

Mu ulimi

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zosangalatsa za nsalu ndizomwe zimapangidwira kwambiri. Nyama zimatha kusaka ndikudya pafupifupi nthawi zonse! Mgonero wa tsiku ndi tsiku umadutsa kuchulukitsa kwa nyama ndi nthawi 6-7. Chakudya chachikulu cha nsapato ndi tizilombo, kotero kumadera ena amapindula nawo wamaluwa. M'minda ndi m'minda, amadya mphutsi za Mayetetemanga, mbozi, zitsamba ndi tizirombo tina.

Koma mwatsoka tizilombo si chakudya chokha. Ndi mphuno yawo yaitali iwo akhoza kukumba pansi, kukunkha mbatata, beets ndi zina zamasamba, komanso kuwononga mizu yochepa ya mitengo ya zipatso, tomato ndi tsabola.

Kuwonjezera apo, nkhonoyo ili ndi fecundity. Panthawi imodzi, amayi amakula mpaka 10-14 cubs. Choncho, ngati eni eni akuwona kuwonongeka kwa nsalu pa chiwembu chawo, njira zonse zofunika ziyenera kutengedwa!

Zosangalatsa

Asayansi amatchulidwa ndi zilembo zamagetsizofanana ndi zidole ndi makoswe. Zonse chifukwa cha maonekedwe a chigaza. Ubongo wawo umagawanika, ndipo ubongo ndi 1/10 wolemera thupi, umene umaposa deta kwa anthu ndi dolphins.

Kalekale, anthu amakhulupirira kuti kuchiritsa ziweto kwa nyama. Iwo ankakhulupirira kuti mafutawozopangidwa kuchokera kumchira wopsereza wa nthunzi zingakhale zodabwitsa Njira yothetsera njoka yamwano. Zidakalibe chinsinsi cha chiyambi chake, mikangano ikutsutsidwa pokhudzana ndi mgwirizano ndi malo m'dongosolo la zinyama, komanso za ubwino ndi zowawa za ulimi. N'zotheka kuti posachedwa tidzatha kuphunzira za zatsopano zopezeka ndi mitundu ya zamoyozo.