Nkhaka yatsopano m'nyengo yozizira - zokoma kwenikweni ndi vitamini amphamvu kwambiri.
M'masitolo, zipatso zabwino zimapezeka kawirikawiri, alimi odziwa bwino akuganiza kuti akulera okha, pazimene zimakhala zotentha kwambiri.
Pali mitundu yambiri yomwe imadulidwa makamaka nyengo yozizira fruiting, imatha kulima m'madera ozizira, kupeza zokolola zolimba. Sayansi yamakono yokula nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha m'nyengo yozizira imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino m'madera ambiri a dzikoli. Anayesedwa ndikubweretsa zotsatira zabwino. Kuchokera m'nkhani ino mungaphunzire momwe mungamere nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha chaka chonse.
Wowonjezera kutentha kwa nkhaka yozizira: kodi ziyenera kukhala zotani?
Choncho, kukula nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha m'nyengo yozizira kumene mungayambe. Choyamba chifukwa kukula kwa nyengo yozizira amafunikira wowonjezera kutentha pa maziko olimba a konkire. Kukonzekera kovomerezeka bwino, kudumphira pansi. Nthaka yosanjikiza imakhala ngati yowonjezeredwa ndi kutetezera, kuya kwake kumalola kuti mapangidwe apansi apamwamba popanda kuchepetsa zomera mu danga.
Kuonjezera apo, pafupifupi pafupifupi sikutanthauza kukonzanso, zowonjezera polycarbonate zisa sizingawonongeke pansi pa chisanu, mwakachetechete imalekerera kutentha kwambiri. N'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito greenhouses ndi magalasi osungirako mafakitale, koma kuvala koteroko ndi kophweka kwambiri.
Ntchito yomangayi iyenso ikhale yokhala ndi mazenera okwera ndi kutchinga kwa shading kutentha kwambiri.
Njira yothirira kuthirira ndi yabwino kwambiri, yotsimikizira kuti chinyezi chikhale chonchi. Nkhaka amakonda kwambiri chinyezi, kotero musaiwale za nyengo yolamulira dongosolo ndi foggers.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kukonzekera kuyatsa kwa nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha m'nyengo yozizira. Izi zimafuna nyali zamagetsi zamphamvu ndi kutalika kwake.
Kutentha zobiriwira Zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi oyatsa magetsi kapena zitsulo zozizira. Kutentha kutentha kumathandizira zinyama kumera ndi udzu, kufalikira pamapiri, komanso mapepala apamwamba, poyikidwa pamtunda wa wowonjezera kutentha kwa nkhaka.
Kutsikira kutentha kwa kunja, kotentha kwambiri kuyenera kuyenera. M'madera omwe kuli nyengo yozizira kwambiri, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito njira imodzi, kuphatikiza njira zambiri zotentha pamodzi.
Kawirikawiri, nkhaka zimabzalidwa pansi. Koma m'mabwalo akuluakulu ogulitsa zitsamba, kulima 2 komanso ngakhale atatu. Njirayi ikuthandizira kukolola ndikusunga malo ochepa obiriwira.
Chithunzi
Pa chithunzi chili m'munsimu: wowonjezera kutentha kwa nkhaka chaka chonse, nkhaka mu malo obiriwira a polycarbonate m'nyengo yozizira.
Timakula nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha m'nyengo yozizira: yabwino mitundu ya wowonjezera kutentha
Mu wowonjezera kutentha ndi bwino kukula nkhaka zomwe sizipereka kwa nthawi yayitali. Mitengo yotereyi ndi yaying'ono, zimayambira sizimapweteka panthawi yosamalira ndi kukolola. Ndikoyenera kumvetsera kwa mitundu ndi hybrids ndi nyengo yochepa yochepa yomwe siimasowa kuyambitsa mungu. Pali njira zambiri zoyenera, zimalimbikitsidwa kuyesa mitundu ingapo ndikusankha kuchokera kwa iwo 2-3 oyenera kwambiri.
- Valaam - Chomera chochuluka choyambirira chokaka, ndibwino kuti nyengo yozizira ndi yozizira ikhale yabwino. Zipatsozi ndizosauka, popanda kupweteka, mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira wokhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'onoting'ono takuda.
- Suomi - Haibridi yoyenera yozizira imalekerera pang'ono pang'ono kutentha. Zipatsozo ndizochepa, zodzikongoletsera, pafupifupi nthawi zonse. Khalani okoma, osati madzi okoma.
- Maluwa - imodzi mwa mitundu yoyamba kwambiri, mbewu imatha kukolola mwezi umodzi mutatha kusuntha mbewuzo pansi. Wodziwika ndi "maluwa" a fruiting, kupereka zipatso zingapo ku tsamba lililonse sinus.
- Sarovsky - wosakanizidwa wobala zipatso mosiyana ndi kupirira ndi zokolola. "Maluwa" omwe amakupatsani chakudya chokwanira, nkhaka yosalala komanso yosautsa kwambiri.
- Okhotny Ryad - Yoyamba yosakanizidwa yowonjezera ndi nthawi yaitali ya fructification. Zipatso ndizochepa, zochepa, zosavuta kwambiri.
Sankhani mbewu zabwino
Zomwe olima amalangiza akusankha nkhaka mbewu, anasonkhana zaka 2-3 zapitazo. Iwo amasiyanitsidwa ndi kumera bwino, mphukira ndi yathanzi komanso yamphamvu.
Konzekerani kubzala zakuthupi kupwetekamwa kuchotsa mbewu zoipa ndi zopanda kanthu. Kenaka iwo amatetezedwa ndi matendawa poika maola 10-12 mu nsalu yonyowa, yonyowa ndi madzi a alo kapena ndi madzi amchere a nitrophoska, mkuwa sulphate ndi boric asidi.
Pambuyo pokonza, mbewuzo zimatsukidwa, zitakulungidwa muchapa choyera, zowonongeka ndikupita ku chipinda chapansi cha firiji. Zovuta kumalimbikitsa zomera ndi kumamulimbikitsa zabwino fruiting. Mu firiji, nyemba ziyenera kukhala masiku asanu ndi awiri (7), nsaluyo iyenera kukhala yothira nthawi zonse.
Zofuna za nthaka ndi feteleza
Nkhaka chikondi nthaka yochepa, ndale kapena pang'ono zamchere. Kuchuluka kwa acidity sikuvomerezeka. Nthaka yabwino imakhala ndi dothi lakale, nyemba, zowola komanso mchenga. Musaiwale kuti dothi lachonde la nthaka limasintha pachaka, izi ndizofunikira makamaka pamene mukukhala.
Kudyetsa nkhaka, mungathe kupeza zovuta zowonjezera mchere ndi organic feteleza, koma ena wamaluwa amadalira organic matter. Nkhaka yankhulani bwino ndi aqueous yankho la mullein kapena nkhuku manyowa. Kudyetsa koyamba kumachitika pambuyo pa tsamba lachitatu pa mbande, feteleza yachiwiri imayamba maluwa. Pa fruiting, nkhaka amadyetsedwa ndi organic kanthu osachepera 4 nthawi.
Kodi kukula nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha m'nyengo yozizira
Nkhaka mbande akhoza kukhala wamkulu m'nyumba kapena mwachindunji wowonjezera kutentha. Mbewu Ndi zofunika kubzala mu peat miphika, achinyamata zomera musalole kukumba. Kuti mupeze mbewu mu January, kufesa kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa September.
Miphika imadzazidwa ndi gawo lokonzekera, mbewuzo zimayikidwa pazitsime 2 cm zakuya. Amaluwa ena amafesa mbewu ziwiri mu chikho chilichonse, kutanthauza kusankhidwa kumeneku.
Nthaka mu miphika imayambitsidwa ndi botolo la kutsitsi, pamwamba pa chidebe chophimbidwa ndi galasi. Njira ina ndikutseka miphika ndi nsalu yonyowa. N'zotheka kubzala nkhaka ma sabata awiri alionse, mbande zopanda malire zingathandize kukolola kosalephereka.
Gawo lotsatira: kuziika nkhaka mbande m'nyengo yozizira wowonjezera kutentha. Mwezi umodzi mutatha kufesa mbewu, mbande zomwe zikukula zimapita ku nthaka yokonzedwa bwino. Mtunda pakati pa zomera ndi 20-30 masentimita, pakati pa mizere - pafupifupi 90 cm.
Zapadera za chisamaliro mutatha kuika
Nkhaka - zokwanira chikhalidwe chovuta. Pofuna kukolola bwino, m'pofunika kuyang'anitsitsa bwino kuchuluka kwa chinyezi ndi kubereka kwa nthaka.
Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino komanso mapangidwe apanga mazira, ma nkhaka amafunika feteleza 1 nthawi masabata awiri, ndi kusinthanitsa kwa mchere ndi feteleza. Muyeneranso kukhalabe ndi chinyezi - 80-85%. Kuonetsetsa kuti zizindikiro zoterezi, pansi ndi kutentha mapaipi amamwe madzi nthawi zonse. 
Mu wowonjezera kutentha yekha matanki otseguka alipo. Sikuti amangotulutsa mpweya, komanso amatetezera ndi kutentha madzi akudiririra.
Asanayambe maluwa Mitengo imathiriridwa kawiri pa sabata, pambuyo pakuoneka kwa maluwa, kuthirira kumakhala kochulukira komanso kuchuluka.
Ndikofunika kufufuza momwe masamba amachitira, ayenera kukhala otsekemera komanso odzola. Manyowa, owuma amaonetsa kuti alibe chinyezi chochuluka m'nthaka.
Kutentha sayenera kugwa pansi pa madigiri 20, njira yabwino - kuchokera madigiri 25 pa tsiku mpaka 15 usiku. Kuthamanga kumayenera kukhala koyenera kwambiri, kupatulapo ingress ya kuthamanga kwa mpweya wozizira kupita ku zomera. Nkhaka kuima mapangidwe a losunga mazira, ngakhale ndi yochepa yozizira, ndipo izi zimakhudza zokolola za nkhaka mu wowonjezera kutentha m'nyengo yozizira.
