Munda wa masamba

Kodi zifukwa zikuluzikulu zomwe mbande za tsabola zimamera zitamera? Chochita ngati masamba atembenukira chikasu ndi kufota

Ndi kuyamba kwa kasupe masiku otentha anawonjezera chisamaliro wamaluwa. Ndikofunika kudzala mbewu za mbande, kuziwathira, panthawi yake kudyetsa, kumasula nthaka.

Ndipo pamene akuwona mbande za vanishuyu zimadziƔa kuti khama lonse linayendetsedwa pachabe. Ndiwothandiza kwambiri kwa wamaluwa kuti apeze zomwe zimayambitsa zochitikazo kuti asapewe zochitika zoterozo mtsogolomu.

Lero tidzayankha mafunso awa: chifukwa chiyani mbande ya tsabola imafa pambuyo pokula? Zomwe zili choncho, chifukwa chiyani mbande za tsabola zimafota ndi kugwa, choyenera kuchita chiyani? Pezani zifukwa zomwe masambawo amatembenukira chikasu mu nyemba za tsabola?

Mbeu za tsabola zimafa, chochita chiyani?

Pali zifukwa zambiri zowonjezera mbande. Aliyense ayenera kuthandizidwa payekha kuti amvetse zomwe zimayambitsa ndi kupereka thandizo lofunikira. Zina mwa zifukwa zazikulu zowonongeka ndi mbande za tsabola ndi izi:

    • Nthaka yosauka bwino. Ndi bwino kutenga dzikolo kuchokera kumapiri omwe palibe zomera za banja la nightshade zomwe zimakula (tomato, eggplant, mbatata). Mitetezi yabwino pa nthaka yobzala tsabola ndi kaloti, anyezi, ndi katsabola;

  • Kugula nthaka yodzaza m'masitolo osadziwika. Pali malonda a malonda atatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa nyengo ya wowonjezera kutentha, yomwe imakhala youma ndikugulitsidwa. Mmenemo munalibe zotsalira za zomera, namsongole, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
  • Madzi. Izi zikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha kuthirira mopitirira malire, kapena mabowo osungiramo madzi omwe ali mu thanki, kumene mbewu zimabzalidwa;
  • Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi cha nthaka zingayambitse kukula kwa mbande za fungal (monga "mwendo wakuda"). Pofuna kupewa kuipitsidwa kwa nthaka yothetsera potassium permanganate;
  • Mbande zophuka zingathe chifukwa mpweya wouma, makamaka akakula pawindo lawindo pamwamba pa radiator. Zokwanira kuchotsa bokosi kumalo ena;
  • Chifukwa china cha kufota kwa tsabola ndi zojambulajambula. Chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti chiwateteze kuti mpweya wozizira usalowe mmera.

Chifukwa chiyani mbande za tsabola zimafota, choyenera kuchita chiyani? Nthawi zambiri mukhoza kuona chithunzichi. Madzulo, mbande zinali bwino, ndipo m'mawa onse anali kunama, ngati kuti anali ndi madzi otentha. Chochitika ichi nthawi zambiri chimapezeka kum'mwera kwa Russia. Wilting Instant imayenderana ndi kuipitsidwa kwa bakiteriya.

Kuwonjezera pa kubzala kachiwiri mbewu sizingakhoze kulangiza chirichonse. Ngati ngakhale kubzala nthawi kumasowa pang'ono, mbande idzapeza zomera zosakhudzidwa. Kuthira feteleza kumathandiza kukula msanga.

Chifukwa chiyani mbande zachikasu za tsabola?

Kusintha kwa masamba a tsabola kungayambitsidwe ndi zifukwa zingapo. Zazikulu ndi izi:

  • Kusokonezeka kapena kukula kochepa kwa mizu;
  • Kupanda zakudya;
  • Kusasowa madzi pa ulimi wothirira;
  • Matenda a fungal ("mwendo wakuda").

Mbewu ya pepper inatembenuka chikasu? Kodi muyenera kuchita chiyani?

Kusokonezeka kwazu ndi chitukuko

Chochitika ichi chikuchitika kawirikawiri. pamene mubzala nyemba za tsabola m'magulu ang'onoang'ono. Mizu inalibe malo okwanira, choncho kusowa kwa zakudya m'masamba, ndiyeno kumakhala masamba a chikasu. Chinthu chokha chomwe chingawathandize ndikuwongolera chomera chokhala choyera, chotsegulira zonse muzu wa mizu.

Kusasowa kwa zakudya

Masamba a pepper akhoza kutembenukira chikasu ndi kusowa kwa zakudya. Monga akunena kuti alimi odziwa bwino, nthawi zambiri amakhala achikasu chifukwa cha kusowa kwa nayitrogeni. Pakuti mofulumira kudya kudya ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa njira ya ammonium nitrate. Pachifukwa ichi, masamba adzalandira mwamsanga nayitrogeni, koma simuyenera kuyembekezera okha.

Feteleza ndi nayitrogeni-munali zopangira monga azogran mu granules kapena urea chingathandize. Zidzakhala zokwanira kuti nthaka ikhale pafupi ndi chomera chimodzi.

Ndikofunikira! Musamayembekezere kukwanira kwathunthu kwa mbande. Dziwani chifukwa chake muyenera kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga. Onetsetsani ndi kusamalira mbande mu nthawi yake.

Kusasowa madzi pa ulimi wothirira

Chimodzi mwa zifukwa za chikasu cha masamba a tsabola, kusowa madzi pa ulimi wothirira. Malinga ndi asayansi, tsabola ndi oposa 90% madzi. Mbande kwambiri silingalekerere kusowa kwa chinyezi, kuyamba kuuma ndi kutha pamalo oyamba maluwa ndi losunga mazira, ndiye masamba.

Odziwa wamaluwa, podziwa izi, Mbewu za madzi mosamala kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito madzi kutentha. Madzi ozizira angayambitsenso chikasu ndi tsamba kugwa.

Matenda a fungal

Mbande kutembenukira chikasu, kufa ndi kukhetsa masamba kumayamba. Kuyang'anitsitsa pafupi pamtunda chiuno chiri chowoneka bwino. Ichi ndi chomwe chimatchedwa "mwendo wakuda". Chifukwa cha matenda a bowa omwe amachilitsidwa kudzera mu nthaka, mochepa matendawa amapezeka kudzera mu mphamvu yobzala kapena mbewu za tsabola.

Njira zolimbana ndizo kubzala mbewu asanabzalidwe, kubzala phukusi kutaya matenda. Ngati kusokonezeka kumachitika, kusankha mosamala ndi kuchotsa zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa ndizofunikira. Kukonzekera kwa mbande zotsala kuti mugwire mankhwalawo ndi zamkuwa.

Chenjerani! Pezani dziko lapansi osakaniza m'masitolo apadera, mwinamwake pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu chogula malonda abwino, nthaka yosakonzedwa bwino.

Zotsatira za tsamba losintha

Ambiri amaluwa amadziwika bwino ndi momwe tsamba limasinthira ndi kupotoza. Izi zimayambitsidwa chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kwa mthunzi poyerekeza ndi nsalu. Palibe chochita. Kukula kumakula pamene mbeu ikukula.

Choyipa kwambiri, pamene masamba azipiringa, amakhala otumbululuka wobiriwira, pakapita patsogolo kukula kumakhala kuyanika ndi kutuluka. Kusakaniza mbande tsabola. Zingakhale Chifukwa chosowa potaziyamu.

Kufesa mbande ya phulusa kapena potaziyamu nitrate, yomwe imachepetsedwera pamtunda wa 35-40 magalamu pa chidebe cha madzi, chingathandize.

Nchifukwa chiyani mbande za tsabola zikugwa? Kuphimba mazira, kuyanika kungabwere chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuukira kwa kangaude. Masamba zokhoma, zouma, zimafota ndi kutha. Mukayang'ana kuchokera ku masamba okhudzidwa, zikuwonekeratu kuti iwo ali ndi zibwebwe. Masamba akung'amba, owuma. Mwa iwo ankamwa madzi onse.

Njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera tizilombo toyambitsa kang'onoting'ono ndikutulutsa masamba omwe akukhudzidwa, ndikupopera mbewu ndi mankhwala "Fitoverm".

Njira zotsatirazi zidzakuthandizani kugonjetsa mbande za tsabola ndi nthata zamabulu, nsabwe za m'masamba ndi ma thrips:

  • Kuchotsa namsongole ndi kubzala zatsalira kuchokera ku wowonjezera kutentha;
  • Zozama kukumba kapena kuchotsa nthaka mu wowonjezera kutentha;
  • Kusamba kwina;
  • Kuyendera nthawi zonse mbande ndi masamba okhudzidwa;
  • Ndi zilonda zazikulu za mbande kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongokuwononga nkhupakupa.

Kukonzekera kwadothi nthawi yake, kutenga njira zotetezera mbande ndi kusowa kwa zakudya, kuyendera ndi chithandizo kwa tizirombo zingakuthandizeni kukula mbande zamphamvu, ndipo m'tsogolomu mutenge nyemba zabwino.

THANDIZANI! Phunzirani za njira zosiyanasiyana zowonjezera tsabola: mu mapepala kapena mapiritsi, pamatope osatsegula, ngakhale pamapepala a chimbuzi. Phunzirani njira yochenjera yobzala mu nkhono, komanso matenda ndi tizilombo toononga bwanji mbande zanu?

Zida zothandiza

Werengani nkhani zina pa mbande za tsabola:

  • Kodi ndikufunika kuti ndizitsitsire mbeu ndisanabzalidwe?
  • Kodi mungapange bwanji nandolo zakuda, tsabola, zowawa kapena zokoma panyumba?
  • Kodi akulimbikitsana bwanji ndi momwe angawagwiritsire ntchito?
  • Chifukwa chachikulu chokoka mbande.