Kuthirira mbewu pa chilimwe kanyumba ndi zovuta. Makamaka mu youma ndi yotentha chilimwe.
M'mayiko otentha, kuthira ulimi wothirira kwa wowonjezera kutentha kwagwiritsidwa kale ntchito monga njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera ulimi wothirira komanso wapamwamba kwambiri. Mudziko lathu, njirayi ikuchitika posachedwapa.
Chofunika kwambiri cha kuthirira mowa
Mfundo yogwirira ntchito kuthira ulimi wothirira ndi kutulutsa chinyezi mwachindunji ku mizu zomera popanda kukhudza zimayambira ndi masamba. Zimadziwika kuti pa dzuwa ndi yotentha, madontho a madzi pa masamba amapanga mtundu wa lenti, ndipo masamba amawotchedwa. Kupaka ulimi wothirira mu wowonjezera kutentha kumathetsa mavutowa.
Mu wowonjezera kutentha, malo ochepa komanso nthaka imatha posachedwa. Ndi madzi okwanira, mawonekedwe a phulusa pamwamba pa nthaka, ndipo madzi samayenda mokwanira ku mizu ya zomera. Pa nthawi yomweyi, nthaka imasokonezedwanso. Pamene kuthirira kumachitika pang'onopang'ono mlingo wa nthaka umakhalabe wolimba.
Chofunika cha njira iyi ndi madzi okwanira mu wowonjezera kutentha. Kugwiritsa ntchito ulimi wothirira madzi sikungatheke kutaya madzi. Izi ndi zoona makamaka ngati malowa ali ndi madzi apakati.
Njira yothirira ulimi wowonjezera kutentha
Kudwala
Madzi amaperekedwa kwa zomera pang'onopang'ono komanso nthawi zambiri machitidwe ali ovomerezeka. Chinthu chachikulu cha dongosololi ndi droppers. Mankhwalawa amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: kutsogolera kuperewera kwa madzi pa ora komanso kusakhala ndi ntchito. Kuphatikizanso apo pali madontho omwe amakulolani kuti mukhalebe ndi mphamvu ya madzi mosasamala kanthu kovuta pamayipi.
Mafuta omwe amachokera ku gwero lalikulu la madzi akugwirizanitsidwa ndi droppers. Monga lamulo, ndi chitoliro cha madzi kapena chidebe chachikulu chodzazidwa ndi madzi.
Tapepala
Chotsatira cha bajeti chikupezeka kwa aliyense wokhala m'nyengo yachilimwe. Kulephera kwakukulu tepa tepi Ndizofooka zawo, ndi zosavuta kuwononga tizirombo, koma ndizo zosavuta kukhazikitsa.
Zopangidwe zimapangidwa ndi phula lamadzi, mitundu yonse yamakonzedwe ndi tiyi ya polyethylene yomwe ili ndi mipanda yoonda, yomwe ili ndi mabowo omwe madzi amatha.
Iwo ali pa mtunda wosiyana kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake. Zitha kukhala masentimita 20 ndi masentimita 100. Pambuyo pake pothandizira madzi pamapepala, madzi amayamba kutuluka mumabowo.
Mabotolo apulasitiki
Njira yogwiritsa ntchito mabotolo apulasitiki ndi ofunika kwambiri ndalama, poganizira kuti nkhaniyi ili mfulu. Aliyense amene ali wokonzeka kumanga ulimi wothirira pogwiritsa ntchito mabotolo mu wowonjezera kutentha. Izi sizikutanthauza luso lapadera.
Zowononga zimaphatikizapo mfundo yakuti njira iyi osati yoyenera malo obiriwiraizo zikanakhala zopanda nzeru ndi zovuta. Komanso ndi kuthirira, dothi liyenera kukhala lopanda, mwinamwake kutsegulira kotsegula m'mabotolo mwamsanga kumakhala kosalala.
Kuthira madzi
Njira imeneyi imatchedwanso "phula lopuma". Zili ngati zofanana ndi njira yopangira tepi. Chokhacho mu nkhaniyi, mmalo mwa matepi atengedwa payipi wambaomwe amalowetsa mbiya yodzaza ndi madzi kapena kayendedwe ka madzi. Mipando imapangidwa mu payipi ndipo imagawidwa m'mabedi mu wowonjezera kutentha.
Zotsatira mu njira yosavuta komanso yowonjezera. Chosowa chokha ndi madzi osagwirizana, ngati payipi imagwirizanitsidwa ndi madzi.
Zomwe zimakhazikika
Makina ena ogwira ntchito amachita kwathunthu. ntchito yokhazikika. Njira yothirira yachitsulo yokhayokha imaphatikizapo tangi lalikulu la madzi ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito.
Chokhachokha ndi chakuti mapangidwe ali ndi mapampu okhudzana ndi kayendedwe ka madzi kapena bwino. Kutanthauza kuti, kuthirira mu wowonjezera kutentha kumangochitika, popanda kuchita nawo mbali.
Machitidwe owongolera adzikonzekera okha, komanso zitsulo zosiyanasiyana ndi zowonongeka. Kuwombera kumangidwe kotere kumakhala koonda kwambiri, kumakhala kosalala pokhapokha, kumatchedwa "zibiso".
Autowatering mu wowonjezera kutentha akhoza kukhala subsurface ndi kuwerama. Kuthira madzi okwanira ali ndi zotsatira zowopsa, chifukwa madzi amayenda molunjika ku mizu. Choponderetsa chimakhalabe chosasunthika, ndipo chinyontho sichimasanduka kuchokera kunthaka. Ngakhale kuti njirayi ndi yothandiza kwambiri, si ambiri omwe angakwanitse. Choncho, sikunali wotchuka kwambiri.
Machitidwe odzera ulimi wothirira angathe kugwira ntchito popanda kuthandizidwa ndi munthu. Amaikidwa timer ndi wotsogolera zamagetsi, yomwe imakonzedwa kuti idzaze ngalande ndi madzi.
Kuthirira kwa microdrop
Kukonzekera kosavuta, komwe kumangokhala kung'onongeka kwa madontho amadzi pamabedi. Pankhaniyi, madzi ambiri amagawidwa m'madontho ang'onoang'ono ndipo mbewu kapena mbewu zomwe zimafunikira izo zikudiridwa.
Njira yonseyi ilibe zolakwika.
Chithunzi
Pa chithunzi chili m'munsiyi: kachitidwe ka ulimi wothirira kwa greenhouses, chiwembu, chipangizo, zipangizo
Maziko a madzi
Gwero la madzi la kuthirira madzi kungakhale:
- Ma akasinja amadzi osungirako madzi;
- Madzi kapena bwino;
Mapiritsi gwiritsani ntchito mitundu yonse ya ulimi wothirira. Kuyambira pa njira yophweka payipi kuti zikhale zoyendetsera bwino. Ngakhale kuyendetsa kayendedwe kamatha kugwira ntchito yawo popanda kugwiritsa ntchito mbiya, koma madzi ofunda, okonzeka ndi othandiza kwa zomera kusiyana ndi madzi omwewo, koma amapita molunjika.
Kusankha kwadongosolo
Masitolo tsopano ali ndi kusankha kwakukulu koyendetsa kayendedwe kalikonse ndi bajeti. Ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta kusankha njira yabwino. Mukamagula kayetedwe kabwino, ganizirani izi:
- Ngati wowonjezera kutentha ali dera lalikulu kapena ochepa, abwinoko machitidwe okhazikika simukupeza. Idzaonetsetsa kuti nthaka ya chinyezi ili bwino kwambiri.
- Ngati kupita kawirikawiri kumalo a kumidziko sikutheka kapena kukonzedwa tchuthi, muyenera kumvetsera chitsanzo ndi timer yokhazikika.
- Komanso, machitidwe okhwima amakhala ndi kusiyana pakati pa dera la ulimi wothirira. Musanapite ku sitolo, muyenera kudziwa kukula kwa mabedi mu wowonjezera kutentha.
- Momwemo zosankha za bajeti Phatikizani njira zokhazokha zogwirizana ndi madzi omwe ali pakati.
Kutentha ndi kouma chilimwe, komanso kuchepa kwa nyumbayi sikudzakhalanso vuto. Kupaka ulimi wothirira wa zomera ndi njira yomwe mungaiwale za mavuto ndi mavuto a ulimi wothirira. Tikuyembekeza tsopano kuti mukudziwa momwe mungasankhire njira yothirira madzi.
